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- From: alanm@hpindda.cup.hp.com (Alan McGowen)
- Date: Wed, 27 Jan 1993 01:36:40 GMT
- Subject: Re: Temperate zone habitat loss
- Message-ID: <149180416@hpindda.cup.hp.com>
- Organization: HP Information Networks, Cupertino, CA
- Path: sparky!uunet!munnari.oz.au!sgiblab!sdd.hp.com!hpscit.sc.hp.com!hplextra!hpcss01!hpindda!alanm
- Newsgroups: sci.environment
- References: <149180223@hpindda.cup.hp.com>
- Lines: 47
-
- / hpindda:sci.environment / alanm@hpindda.cup.hp.com (Alan McGowen) / 1:18 pm Jan 25, 1993 /
-
- >Sticking pretty much to the mainstream view, the selection factors during
- >speciation are: local biotic selection factors and local climatic selection
- >factors. The genetic factors are the founder effect (a small sample effect
- >which means that a founder population need not be "typical" of the parent
- >population), and also the adaptive potential of the founder population --
- >i.e. its polymorphism.
-
- I should mention that there are quite a few speciation mechanisms which have
- been discussed in the literature. I did not mean to imply by the above that
- I was endorsing Ernest Mayr's notions about peripatric speciation in toto.
-
- The disagreements are over the relative importance of the different mechanisms.
- The key point I wanted to make is that *all* mechanisms for speciation depend
- importantly on biological diversity at the various levels, and that by
- reducing diversity, we are potentially disrupting the microevolutionary
- basis (or bases) of cladogenesis -- reducing the speciation rate.
-
- Do introduced species make up for this? No more than a future radiation of
- new groups after the anthropogenic mass extinction is over would make up
- for it. Some introduced species might do very well in the future -- there
- is no way to know how well. But it is no accident that one prominent (albeit
- maverick) paleontologist, Robert Bakker, maintains that introductions over
- land bridges finished off the dinosaurs. On the scale of normal evolutionary
- processes -- not recovery from a mass extinction -- introductions that do not
- fail to become established (and many do fail) often are quite disruptive,
- and elevate the extinction rate. In this way they too help to disrupt
- microevolutionary processes and probably contribute to a lower speciation
- rate.
-
- Incidently it is possible that speciation in the wake of a major mass
- extinction is a somewhat different process than speciation during more
- normal times. When a large percentage of the species inventory has been
- removed, competition is lowered (or equivalently resources are not being
- used as efficiently by the entire ecosystem) -- there is more "ecological
- room" in such a world. That may elevate the speciation rate and the rate
- of formation of new higher taxa. But this is not normal evolution: it is
- the potential for *that* which is threatened as "the biosphere retreats in
- the face of physically superior forces", as Michael Soule put it.
-
- ------------
- Alan McGowen
-
- "Models are tools for thinkers, not crutches for the thoughtless".
- -- Michael Soule.
-
-