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- Path: sparky!uunet!mcsun!sun4nl!cwi.nl!dik
- From: dik@cwi.nl (Dik T. Winter)
- Newsgroups: comp.multimedia
- Subject: Re: Fundamental Frequencies of Musical Notes
- Message-ID: <8515@charon.cwi.nl>
- Date: 3 Jan 93 23:02:19 GMT
- References: <1993Jan1.104912.46019@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu> <1i50piINNl3s@golem.wcc.govt.nz>
- Sender: news@cwi.nl
- Organization: CWI, Amsterdam
- Lines: 35
-
- In article <1i50piINNl3s@golem.wcc.govt.nz> ngan_m@kosmos.wcc.govt.nz writes:
- > In article <1993Jan1.104912.46019@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu>, rsl11@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu writes:
- > > I would like to know what the fundamental frequencies of the musica
- > >notes are if someone is aware of them. Tha is what frequencies do they
- > >correspond to the notes
- > >
- > >C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C
- > >
- > The frequency of A above middle C is 440hz, semitone is a factor of 2^(1/12)
- > higher/lower, so A# is about 466.1638 hz and G# is about 415.3047hz.
- > As there are 12 semitones in an octave, the A in the octave above is 880hz.
- >
- Alas, this is only a very small part of the story. It entirely depends on
- the kind of music you want to play!
-
- The frequency of A' at 440 is currently indeed standard, but for older music
- you would like to have a lower pitch. In 1858 A' was standardized at 435 Hz;
- put a bit higher after the second world war. Before 1858 there were different
- pitches in use (excuse the English, it is only a translation): Chamber pitch
- (C ~ current B), Choral pitch (C ~ current C#) and Cornet pitch (C ~ D).
-
- Further, the relative frequencies as given above are first used by Bach in
- his 'Wohltemperiertes Klavier'. Currently keyboard instruments generally
- use these (except for the carillon). An older list of relative frequencies is:
- C D E F G A B C
- 24 27 30 32 36 40 45 48
- (multiply by 110 to get the current pitch). This can be found from the
- chord do-mi-sol: 4:5:6, which gives C:E:G = 24:30:36 amongst others. By
- extension median tones are found but the frequency you find depends on the
- way you look for it! Other methods are the Pythagorean one, methods by
- Kirnberger, Euler, Huygens, Mercator and Haba amongst others. When playing
- old music you are well advised to learn the method used by the composer.
- --
- dik t. winter, cwi, kruislaan 413, 1098 sj amsterdam, nederland
- home: bovenover 215, 1025 jn amsterdam, nederland; e-mail: dik@cwi.nl
-