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- Posted-Date: Wed, 23 Dec 92 14:19:18 -0800
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- Date: Wed, 23 Dec 1992 14:19:18 -0800
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- From: Marken@COURIER4.AERO.ORG
- Subject: PCT Fanatics
- Lines: 107
-
- [From Rick Marken (921223.1300)]
-
- OK, nobody's in the office; I should be home cuddled up by the
- Christmas tree (yes, I prefer celebrating the apocryphal birth of
- the prince of peace to the non - apocryphal victory of the Macabees
- over the Assyrians [or whomever]). So, since I have time, I want to
- try to start a discussion of something that has been on my mind for
- a week or so but has taken a back seat to my discussion with Martin,
- in regard to which (I think) Bill Powers (921223.0915) said:
-
- >It's interesting how a defense turns into an attack, and how
- >letting down the defenses also reduces the attacks. Sometimes the
- >best defense is no defense at all.
-
- Will I ever learn????
-
- Thanks for the above, Bill; an appropriate observation for the season.
-
- What I wanted to talk about was the problem of being perceived as a,
- well, fanatic, when one gets into PCT. Of those posting regularly on
- the net, I think that I might be perceived as the one most deserving of
- the ?PCT fanatic? title (maybe it?s my strident, obnoxious manner --
- but there are others whom, I feel, are equally deserving of this title;
- Bill Powers himself, for instance; Tom Bourbon certainly). But I seem
- to be perceived as particularly fanatic -- or am I particularly paranoid?
- Some weeks ago Oded referred to me as the ?True believer?, I think
- others have alluded to my apparent unwillingness to see the merit in
- non-PCT approaches to understanding human nature (info theory,
- dynamic attractors, fuzzy logic, artificial life, etc etc). So what I want
- to do is try to explain my fanaticism by arguing that there is really no
- way to be anything other than a fanatic once you accept the basic principle
- of PCT -- that behavior is controlled perception.
-
- I think the idea that one is a fanatic about PCT comes from what I alluded
- to above -- the apparent failure of the fanatic to see any merit in non-PCT
- approaches to understanding human nature. These non-PCT type approaches
- are themselves often treated with something close to reverence by non-PCTers.
- So even people who are attracted to PCT (for whatever reason) assume
- that there must be SOMETHING of value in some old approach. How could
- geniuses like Freud (psychodynamic theory), G.A. Miller (information
- theory),Skinner (reinforcement theory), Green and Swets (signal detection
- theory), Estes (stimulus sampling theory), Rummelhart (parallel distributed
- processing theory), Chomsky (transformational grammar theory), Guilford
- (trait theory), Tolman (sign-stimulus theory) etc etc ALL BE WRONG?
- How can you (the PCT fanatic) ignore these theories? Why can?t you
- incorporate what is useful and ignore what is not?
-
- The answer is that ALL of these theories were based on a completely
- incorrect view of behavior. They are ALL based on the idea that outputs
- (neuroses, responses, operants, decisions, behavior, speech, intelligence,
- movements) are caused by events in the environment or the brain. PCT
- shows that this idea is completely wrong; it?s not just a wrong point of
- view or the wrong description; ITS JUST NOT HOW BEHAVIOR
- WORKS; it can?t be, because organisms EXIST in a NEGATIVE
- FEEDBACK SITUATION with respect to their environment. As
- Lee Iacocca says (but it?s really true in this case) THIS CHANGES
- EVERYTHING.
-
- For me, one of the most dramatic demonstration of this fact is given
- in my ?Cause of control movements...? experiment (included in Mind
- Readings). This experiment shows beyond doubt that THE STIMULUS
- in a tracking task IS NOT THE CAUSE OF OUTPUTS that control the
- stimulus; there is no cause-effect (where it seems that there must
- be) because the cause and effect are IN A LOOP. It?s the loop
- that changes everything that has always been taken for granted in
- all previous approaches to understanding human nature.
-
- Once you do an experiment like this and experience the fact that
- what the math says is really true then all the old approaches
- become irrelevant. There is no longer any way to take seriously
- theories that propose ?stimulus guidance? or ?feedback guidance?
- because stimuli don?t cause or guide anything in a loop -- they just
- don?t. Nor is it possible to take seriously theories that propose
- internal mechanisms for generating behavior -- because behavior
- is not generated -- it is part of a loop in which the behavior that
- is generated is also the cause of what generated the behavior. The
- old explanations of behavior were based on a concept of behavior
- that was flat out -- completely -- wrong. The chances that such
- explanations might have something useful to say about behavior
- as it actually exists -- as controlled perception -- are, from the point
- of view of this fanatic, quite slim.
-
- Even fanatic PCTers are willing to look at observations that might
- suggest places to look to better understand the nature of control.
- But once you know what it means to live in a negative feedback
- loop, you know that all explanations of behavior that have not
- correctly taken this loop into account (ie. ALL non- PCT
- explanations of behavior) can be safely ignored.
-
- I guess my bottom line argument is that it?s tough to understand
- PCT and NOT be seen as a fanatic. Nevertheless, I am more
- than willing -- anxious even -- to be convinced that there is some
- value in non-PCT approaches to understanding behavior. I guess
- Martin is preparing a thesis on the value of information theory
- for understanding control . I?m waiting with great interest to see
- what have missed by ignoring iformation theory. I have read
- several rather unconvincing attempts to show that some versions
- of behaviorism are equivalent to control models of behavior. If
- anyone else out there has a non-PCT theory that they think provides
- a real great explanation of some aspect of behavior then I?d sure
- like to hear about it. I may be a fanatic but I am willing to listen. But,
- being a fanatic, I can?t promise that I will be convinced. But listening
- is good too, no?
-
- Best regards
-
- Rick
-