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Turbo Pascal Chain module | 1993-03-01 | 14.3 KB | 219 lines |
- To continue, press any key
- ? (**************************************************)
- ? (* *)
- ? (* Elementary Electricity *)
- ? (* *)
- ? (* Tutorial No. 4 *)
- ? (* *)
- ? (* Series-Parallel Resistors *)
- ? (* *)
- ? (* Version 1.0 *)
- ? (* *)
- ? (* This program illustrates how resistances *)
- ? (* may be connected to include both series *)
- ? (* and parallel branches in the same circuit. *)
- ? (* The student is expected to calculate the *)
- ? (* equivalent resistance of a number of such *)
- ? (* circuits. *)
- ? (* *)
- ? (* Written by T. J. Meyers July 18,l985 *)
- ? (* *)
- ? (**************************************************)
- INTRODUCTION
- ; The circuits in this program include both series and
- ;parallel branches. To arrive at correct numerical solutions
- ;to the problems that follow you must first have mastered
- <problems of the type set forth in the preceding tutorials.
- ;You can return to the menu and make a new program selection
- #by typing MENU when the A> appears.
- SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM I
- A Series-Parallel Circuit
- = R-1
- = a b
- = ........./\ /\ /\...............
- = : \/ \/ :
- = - : R-2 :
- = _:_ :
- = 1.5 V _____ ..../\ /\ /\.... :
- = | : \/ \/ : :
- = + : / : : :
- = :.../ ......: :..:
- = d: R-3 :c
- = sw-1 : :
- = :.../\ /\ /\...:
- = \/ \/
- =
- =Study this diagram carefully. Make a good working copy on
- =a piece of paper. You will need it.
- SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM II
- A Series-Parallel Circuit
- = R-1
- = a b c
- = ......./\ /\ /\......................
- = - : \/ \/ : :
- = _:_ / /
- = 1.5 V _____ \ R-2 \ R-3
- = : / /
- = + : \ \
- = : / : :
- = :..../ ....................:..........:
- = sw-1 d
- =
- =Study this diagram carefully. Make a good working copy on
- =a piece of paper. You will need it.
- ANALYSIS OF DIAGRAMS
- =Carefully compare, point by point, the two diagrams which you
- =have just drawn. Though they may appear to be different they
- really are the same circuit.
- =The charges leave the negative terminal of the dry cell, flow
- ?to point a, pass through resistor R-1 to point b, then continue
- =to point c. At point c, the charges are faced with a choice.
- =They may flow either through resistor R-2 or through resistor
- >R-3. Just as a large group of people in a room with two exits
- =would do, they use both paths. Part of the charge will flow
- <through R-2, part through R-3. The charges then rejoin at
- >point d, flow through switch sw-1 (when closed), and return to
- =the positive terminal of the cell. How the charges apportion
- =themselves between R-2 and R-3 will be left for discussion in
- another tutorial.
- QUESTIONS:
- 5 1. What is the total resistance of this circuit?
- 2. How do we calculate it?
- 3CALCULATING RESISTANCE IN A SERIES-PARALLEL CIRCUIT
- @ Assume the figure below to consist of a single resistor
- @ connected in series with two resistors which are themselves
- connected in parallel.
- @ R-2
- @ R-1 :-[******]-:
- @ --------[******]---: :--------->
- @ :-[******]-:
- @ R-3
- @ In determining the total resistance in a circuit such as this
- @ the RULE is: solve the PARALLEL branch FIRST, then add the
- @ result to the resistance (R-1) which is in series.
- PROBLEM:
- 9 Let R-1 = 10 ohms, R-2 = 10 ohms, and R-3 = 10 ohms.
- 9 Calculate the total resistance. That is, calculate the
- 9 single resistance which would be equivalent to these 3
- resistances combined.
- SOLUTION:
- ! 1. Solve the parallel branch:
- ' R(p) = (R-2 * R-3) / (R-2 + R-3)
- # = (10 * 10) / (10 + 10)
- $ = 100/20 = 5 ohms
- 2. Add the result to R-1:
- , R(total) = R-1 + (result from step 1)
- , = 10 + 5 = 15 ohms (answer)
- 8So to repeat our RULE: solve the PARALLEL branch FIRST,
- 9then add the result to the resistance which is in series.
- =The following module will give you practice in solving simple
- =circuits of this type. If you experience difficulty, you may
- /wish to review the tutorial Parallel Resistors.
- PROBLEMS
- <You have seen one simple problem solved. Mastery, however,
- >comes only with practice. The following problems are provided
- =to test your skill and understanding. At a minimum, you will
- need paper and pencil.
- >Determine each answer using significant figures, and round off
- #using standard rounding procedures.
- @Remember the RULE: first solve the parallel branch(es) then add
- < the result(s) to the series resistor(s).
- PROBLEM No. 1
- Series Resistors : R-1 =
- 25 ohms
- Parallel Resistors : R-2 =
- 40 ohms
- R-3 =
- 40 ohms
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- &Excellent. Now let's try problem No.2
- Sorry. Please try again.
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- Good. Now go to problem No. 2
- 'Wrong again. Let's try that once more.
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- #OK this time. Now try problem No.2
- Too bad. Wrong again.
- *The correct answer is
- PROBLEM No. 2
- Series Resistors : R-4 =
- 13 ohms
- Parallel Resistors : R-5 =
- 30 ohms
- R-6 =
- 20 ohms
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- 'Excellent. Now let's try problem No.3.
- Sorry. Please try again.
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- Good. Now go to problem No. 3.
- 'Wrong again. Let's try that once more.
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- %OK this time. Now try problem No. 3.
- Too bad. Wrong again.
- *The correct answer is
- PROBLEM No. 3
- Series Resistors : R-7 =
- Parallel Resistors : R-8 =
- R-9 =
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- (Excellent. Now let's try problem No. 4.
- Sorry. Please try again.
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- Good. Now go to problem No. 4.
- 'Wrong again. Let's try that once more.
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- %OK this time. Now try problem No. 4.
- Too bad. Wrong again.
- *The correct answer is
- PROBLEM No. 4
- Series Resistors : R-10 =
- 17.85
- Parallel Resistors : R-11 =
- 23.65
- R-12 =
- 49.75
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- (Excellent. Now let's try problem No. 5.
- Sorry. Please try again.
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- Good. Now go to problem No. 5.
- 'Wrong again. Let's try that once more.
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- %OK this time. Now try problem No. 5.
- Too bad. Wrong again.
- The correct answer is
- PROBLEM No. 5
- Series Resistors : R-13 =
- Parallel Resistors : R-14 =
- R-15 =
- 2.2 meg
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- #Excellent. You have done them all!
- Sorry. Please try again.
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- &Good. You have completed the program.
- 'Wrong again. Let's try that once more.
- *The equivalent resistance in ohms is:
- OK. All done.
- Too bad. Wrong again.
- The correct answer is
- CONCLUSION
- Now, let us sum up:
- >1. In an electric circuit the current flows from the negative
- 4 terminal to the positive terminal of the source.
- @2. When the circuit branches, as when two or more resistors are
- < connected in parallel, the current divides, part flowing
- < through each branch. When the branches rejoin so do the
- @ individual currents. The total amount of current leaving the
- 8 branches being exactly equal to the amount entering.
- <3. When determining the equivalent (total) resistance of a
- ; series-parallel circuit, one FIRST determines the total
- > resistance of the PARALLEL branch(es). The result is then
- $ added to the series resistor(s).
- 3 Press spacebar to try again
- 3 To return to the menu
- 3 first, type (q,Q) to quit
- 3 then, type (menu,MENU) at A>
- 5 Press (q,Q) to quit
-