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- Newsgroups: sci.space
- Path: sparky!uunet!paladin.american.edu!darwin.sura.net!news.duc.auburn.edu!ducvax.auburn.edu!shanleyl
- From: shanleyl@ducvax.auburn.edu
- Subject: Re: Shuttle tiles
- Message-ID: <1993Jan25.020906.1@ducvax.auburn.edu>
- Lines: 71
- Sender: usenet@news.duc.auburn.edu (News Account)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: ducvax
- Organization: Auburn University, AL
- References: <C0q04z.KH9.1@cs.cmu.edu>
- Distribution: sci
- Date: Mon, 25 Jan 1993 07:09:06 GMT
- Lines: 71
-
- In article <C0q04z.KH9.1@cs.cmu.edu>, roberts@cmr.ncsl.nist.gov (John Roberts) writes:
- >
- > -From: gary@ke4zv.uucp (Gary Coffman)
- > -Subject: Re: Let's be more specific (was: Stupid Shut Cost arguements)
- > -Date: 11 Jan 93 15:48:12 GMT
- >
- > -Shuttle designers... chose to use refractory silicates in the form of
- > -tiles. These are very poor conductors of heat, you can place your bare
- > -hand against one side of the tile while playing an oxy-acetylene torch
- > -on the other and not notice a temperature rise.
- >
- > I think perhaps you mean a propane torch, or butane torch like Mary described.
- > Pulling some numbers from the Rogers report and elsewhere, the leading
- > edges of the Shuttle wings have to withstand heating up to 2750 F, and are
- > made of layers of graphite cloth in a carbon matrix, with the outer layers
- > chemically converted to silicon carbide. The upper fuselage, the coolest
- > portion during reentry, is only heated to about 600 F. The Shuttle has
- > high-temperature and low-temperature ceramic tiles, which are described in
- > this report as being "nearly pure glass" (I had thought they were silica),
-
- Not sure what the difference is, silica/sand/glass,. Same different thing isn't
- it?.
-
-
- > with nearly 90% of the volume being "air". The low-temperature ceramic tiles
- > are are rated to 1200 F, and the high-temperature tiles to a higher value,
- > but something below wing leading-edge temperatures.
- >
- > While such temperature resistance is admirable, a properly-designed
- > acetylene torch can heat a thermally isolated object to 6000 F (~ 3300 C).
-
- That's great, not all acetylene torches rate much lesss run up to 6000F. I've
- used one myself with the tile in my hand just for kicks.
-
- > I wouldn't expect any trouble melting most ceramics - I've accidentally
- > melted fire bricks that I was using as a backstop for acetylene welding.
- >
- >>From the 1961 CRC handbook, here are some temperature ratings for ceramics
- > and other materials:
- >
- > SAFE CONTINUOUS OPERATING TEMPERATURE / MELTING POINT
- > Material C F / C F
- > -------- ---- ---- ---- ----
- > Porcelain 1195 2185 / .... ....
- > Alumina (84%) 1400 2550 / .... ....
- > Zircon 1455 2650 / 2500 4530
- > Silicon carbide 1510 2750 / 2295 4160 (volatilizes)
- > Silica 1620 2950 / 1670 3038
- > Alumina (96%) 1700 3100 / .... ....
- > Alumina (100%) 1950 3540 / 2050 3720
- > Zirconia 2316 4200 / 2680 4850
- > Magnesia .... .... / 2800 5072
- > Titanium boride .... .... / 2900 5250
- > Thoria ... .... / 3110 5630
- > Titanium carbide ... .... / 3125 5660
- > Tantalum nitride ... .... / 3440 6050
- > Tungsten ... .... / 3370 6100
- > Zirconium carbide .. .... / 3520 6370
- > Graphite ... .... / 3800 6870
- > Tantalum carbide ... .... / 3850 7025
- > Hafnium carbide ... .... / 4160 7520
- >
- > John Roberts
- > roberts@cmr.ncsl.nist.gov
-
-
- lets not be more specific, let's allow some linguistic (not always the same as
- scientific) lattitude.
-
- Paul S. Shanley
-
-