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- From: kring@efes.physik.uni-kl.de (\)
- Subject: Re: satellite orbits
- Message-ID: <1993Jan22.134213.6183@rhrk.uni-kl.de>
- Sender: news@rhrk.uni-kl.de
- Organization: FB Physik, Universitaet Kaiserslautern, Germany
- References: <376oXB3w165w@netlink.cts.com>
- Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 13:42:13 GMT
- Lines: 50
-
- In article <376oXB3w165w@netlink.cts.com>, bigbro@netlink.cts.com (Kenneth Sullivan) writes:
- >a.)what keeps a satellite in orbit
-
- Kepler's laws. Or, to put it another way, gravitation.
- If the initial conditions are right, the satellite will circle the earth
- on an ellipse by itself. The moon does it too.
- The only thing that can't stay in an orbit without using up energy is the
- "Enterprise".
- (The above assumes there is no friction slowing down the satellite.)
-
- >b.)just how wrong is the idea of centrifugal/centripidal "force"?
-
- Nothing wrong about it (except the spelling of "centripetal").
- The centrifugal force appears only if you use the satellite (or any rotating
- system) as a frame of reference. You can avoid it by looking at the system
- from far away, using an inertial system as frame of reference.
-
- A non-astronomy example:
- On a merry-go-round, you'll experience centrifugal force, pulling you away from
- the centre, but that force cancels with the centripetal force, which acts on
- you through the chain tying you to the rotating part. So the sum of all forces
- is zero, and you stay where you are - with reference to the rotating part.
- But the bystanders see it another way: You are held on a circular orbit by the
- chain pulling you to the centre and stopping you from flying away on a tangent
- and hurting yourself badly, which you'd do if there were no force (no chain).
- They observe only one force.
-
- Some people will tell you that centrifugal force is "not a real force" or
- "pseudo force" but I think that's dubious. The Theory of General Relativity
- states that you can choose whatever system of reference you want, laws of
- physics will be the same. Using the standpoint of an observer on the
- satellite is as reasonable as any other, only the forces you need are more
- complex. That is, you need more assumptions to explain the same observations.
- Therefore, using Occam's razor ("Do not unnecessarily multiply entities" or,
- as Einstein put it, "As simple as possible - but not simpler")
- one normally chooses the frame of reference with less assumptions.
-
- BTW, that's the only reason why we say that the earth is rotating the sun and
- not the other way around: for simplicity.
-
- Another BTW: Thus Einstein, with General Relativity, decided the case
- Copernicus vs. Ptolemy by saying "You're both right", as he decided the case
- Newton vs. Huyghens (regarding the wave or particle nature of light) by saying
- a similar thing with his photon idea.
-
- --
- thomas kettenring, 3 dan, kaiserslautern, germany
- Philosophy is the art of drawing conclusions from definitions that have been
- chosen so that one can draw the conclusions one would like to get.
- It immediately follows that philosophy is silly.
-