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- From: gore@pepper.rutgers.edu (Bittu)
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Subject: Re: Matrices (problem)
- Keywords: Rank
- Message-ID: <Jan.26.12.43.24.1993.15862@pepper.rutgers.edu>
- Date: 26 Jan 93 17:43:26 GMT
- References: <Jan.24.22.14.31.1993.13572@inferno.rutgers.edu> <1993Jan25.154208.16365@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU>
- Organization: Recreation Center, Busch Campus
- Lines: 47
-
- In article <1993Jan25.154208.16365@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU* rivin@SAIL.Stanford.EDU (Igor Rivin) writes:
-
- * In article <Jan.24.22.14.31.1993.13572@inferno.rutgers.edu* gore@inferno.rutgers.edu (Bittu) writes:
- * >A simple question about the rank of a special matrix (this is not a
- * >homework problem; I already know a solution, want something better).
- * >In fact, this was probably on the Math Olympiad a few years ago.
- * >
- * >Let A be a matrix with the following properties:
- * >
- * >1. A is 2n+1 x 2n+1 for a positive integer n.
- * >
- * >2. A has 0's on the diagonal.
- * >
- * >3. The remaining entries are either 1's or -1's.
- * >
- * >4. Every row has exactly n 1's and n -1's.
- * >
- * >We want to show that the rank of this matrix is 2n (over complex
- * >numbers, say). Clearly the rank is <= 2n (all columns sum to the zero
- * >vector).
- *
- * It is not clear that the below is any more elegant than the GF[2]
- * solution, but here goes (m=2n+1):
- *
- * (a) The question is equivalent to showing that the null-space of A is
- * generated by the vector (1, ... ,1)
- *
- * (b) Which is equivalent to showing that there is no null-vector v of
- * A, such that the sum of elements of v adds up to 0.
- *
- * (c) suppose there is such a vector V -- it is easy to see that it must
- * also be a null vector of the matrix B which has 0s on the main
- * diagonal, and 1s elsewhere (do it row by row).
-
- This is not clear to me. If the entries of V add up to 0, then BV = -V
- and not 0 as you mention. If the entries of V are v(1),v(2),...,v(2n+1)
- then the product of the ith row of B with V would be
- v(1) + v(2) + ... + v(i-1) + v(i+1) + ... + v(2n+1) = -v(i). Therefore
- BV =/= 0.
-
- --Bittu
-
- * (d) B = -I(m) + J(m), where J has all ones. J(m) vanishes on the
- * orthogonal complement of the vector w=(1, ... ,1), and multiplies w by
- * m. hence the eigenvalues of B are (n-1, -1, ..., -1), hence it is
- * non-singular, hence V is the 0 vector, hence w is the only null-vector
- * of A, hence A has rank m-1 = 2n.
-