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- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Path: sparky!uunet!haven.umd.edu!purdue!mentor.cc.purdue.edu!pop.stat.purdue.edu!hrubin
- From: hrubin@pop.stat.purdue.edu (Herman Rubin)
- Subject: Re: Ancient Number Systems (Was: why is pi irrational)
- Message-ID: <C19H0C.Aot@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>
- Sender: news@mentor.cc.purdue.edu (USENET News)
- Organization: Purdue University Statistics Department
- References: <1993Jan22.002827.19121@ns1.cc.lehigh.edu>
- Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 15:14:26 GMT
- Lines: 35
-
- In article <1993Jan22.002827.19121@ns1.cc.lehigh.edu> fc03@ns1.cc.lehigh.edu (Frederick W. Chapman) writes:
-
- .......................
-
- >I've heard that letters of the Hebrew alphabet all have numerical
- >equivalents, which were used in ancient scriptures as the basis of a number
- >system. I would be interested in knowing more about this, since it must
- >surely qualify as a very early example of a number system. Doesn't some
- >ambiguity occasionally arise as to whether a given string of characters
- >should be interpreted as a word or as a numerical quantity?
-
- >Didn't classical Greek also assign numerical values to the letters of the
- >alphabet and employ a similar number system? (For example, there is a New
- >Testament passage that speaks of "the *number* of his name" in reference to
- >the anti-Christ.)
-
- Greek and Hebrew used essentially the same idea; the first 9 letters were
- the numbers from 0-9, the next 9 the tens from 10-90, and the next 9 the
- hundreds from 100-900. Now Greek has only 24 letters, so 3 letters which
- were dropped in the evolution of the Greek alphabet were added. Also
- Hebrew has only 22 letters, so only the first 4 hundreds were handled,
- others being done by combination (600 = 400 + 200), although later the
- 5 forms of letters which are different as final letters in a work were
- adjoined to make 27. Both of these languages, as well as other languages,
- wrote their numbers "big-endian" with the more significant digits first.
- The Greeks used an overscore to multiply by 1000.
-
- As for how they did arithmetic, it was much like we do it; they were
- quite aware that the corresponding digits in the different places
- had the corresponding properties.
- --
- Herman Rubin, Dept. of Statistics, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette IN47907-1399
- Phone: (317)494-6054
- hrubin@snap.stat.purdue.edu (Internet, bitnet)
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-