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- Path: sparky!uunet!gatech!emory!ogicse!das-news.harvard.edu!cantaloupe.srv.cs.cmu.edu!TINMAN.OZ.CS.CMU.EDU!jmount
- From: jmount+@CS.CMU.EDU (John Mount)
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Subject: Fundamental Tilings of the Plane
- Keywords: tile
- Message-ID: <C186HE.LC2.2@cs.cmu.edu>
- Date: 21 Jan 93 22:29:36 GMT
- Article-I.D.: cs.C186HE.LC2.2
- Sender: news@cs.cmu.edu (Usenet News System)
- Followup-To: sci.math
- Organization: Carnegie Mellon University
- Lines: 76
- Nntp-Posting-Host: tinman.oz.cs.cmu.edu
-
- HI,
-
- I was thinking about the 5 different types of crystallographic groups
- (a crystallographic group is a subgroup G of the group of orientation
- preserving isometries of the plane- such that there exists P, a
- connected compact subset of the plane called a tile, such that G the
- images of P under the action of G on the plane cover the plane exactly
- once (except on a set of measure zero), two groups are of the same
- type if they are conjugate) and their fundamental tilings (tiles such
- that for h,g in G:
- interior(h(P)) intersect interior(g(P)) nonempty -> h = g).
-
- I was wondering how many generators were required to present these
- groups. For four of these group I could find two generator
- presentations of the groups- for the last I have not been able to find
- such a presentation.
-
- Does anyone know if such a presentation exists for the 5th group or
- how to prove there isn't one (I guess it comes down to proving the
- monoid over a 2 character alphabet isn't free over this group)?
-
- I am going to represent orientation preserving isometries of the plane
- as 3x3 matrices: [ cos(a) sin(a) h ] acting on vectors of the form [ x ]
- [ -sin(a) cos(a) v ] [ y ]
- [ 0 0 1 ] [ 1 ]
-
- Then representatives of the five group types are:
-
- [ 1 0 1 ] [ 1 0 0 ]
- a = [ 0 1 0 ] b = [ 0 1 1 ]
- [ 0 0 1 ] [ 0 0 1 ]
-
- [ 1 0 1 ] [ 0 1 0 ]
- a = [ 0 1 0 ] b = [ -1 0 0 ]
- [ 0 0 1 ] [ 0 0 1 ]
-
- [ 1 0 1 ] [ 1/2 sqrt(3)/2 0 ]
- a = [ 0 1 0 ] b = [ -sqrt(3)/2 1/2 0 ]
- [ 0 0 1 ] [ 0 0 1 ]
-
- [ 1 0 1 ] [ -1/2 sqrt(3)/2 0 ]
- a = [ 0 1 0 ] b = [ -sqrt(3)/2 -1/2 0 ]
- [ 0 0 1 ] [ 0 0 1 ]
-
- and the one I don't know a 2 generator presentation for
-
- [ 1 0 2 ] [ 1 0 0 ] [ -1 0 0 ]
- a = [ 0 1 0 ] b = [ 0 1 1 ] c = [ 0 -1 0 ]
- [ 0 0 1 ] [ 0 0 1 ] [ 0 0 1 ]
-
- which, if I have it right, is the symmetry group of the following
- marked tiles (ignore the aspect ratio):
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- |** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** |
- |* | *|* | *|* | *|* | *|* | *|* |
- |***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** |
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- |** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** |
- |* | *|* | *|* | *|* | *|* | *|* |
- |***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** |
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- |** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** |
- |* | *|* | *|* | *|* | *|* | *|* |
- |***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** |
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- |** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** | *****|** |
- |* | *|* | *|* | *|* | *|* | *|* |
- |***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** | **|***** |
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- --
- --- It is kind of strange being in CS theory, given computers really do exist.
- John Mount: jmount+@cs.cmu.edu (412)268-6247
- School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University,
- 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh PA 15213-3891
-