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- From: slie@ulrik.uio.no (Svein Lie)
- Subject: Re: Tones in PIE?
- Message-ID: <930027.101734.slie@pchf20>
- Lines: 52
- Sender: news@ulrik.uio.no (Mr News)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: pchf20.uio.no
- Organization: University of Oslo
- Date: Wed, 27 Jan 1993 09:17:34 GMT
- Lines: 53
-
-
- >From: sommar@enea.se (Erland Sommarskog)
- >
- >Leo Connolly (connolly@memstvx1.memst.edu) writes:
- >>All Germanic languages have abandoned the Indo-European accent system,
- >>replacing it with a strong dynamic accent on the first syllable (except
- >>that verb prefixes were not stressed; noun prefixes were).
- >
- >Except of course that since then a deluge of loanwords has distorted
- >the system so much, that the naive pronounciation of a foreign word
- >is seldom on the first syllable. Guess where Swedes put the stress when
- >they pronounce the name of northern Swedish village of Korpilombolo.
- >
- >(Although, I'm not entirely sure that the reason is foreign influence.
- >Swedish words which are not compounds or inflexions are seldom more
- >than three syllables long, so putting the stress on the first of five
- >syllables probably feels very akward.)
- >--
- >Erland Sommarskog - ENEA Data, Stockholm - sommar@enea.se
- >
- Your message seems to say that the rule saying that the stress is on the
- first syllable is not distorted. That is a huge exaggeration. It is true
- that loanwords may have other stress patterns, but these word do not
- amount to a high percentage. And even there, at least in Norwegian,
- whivh for all practical purposes has the same phonology as Swedish
- (but not Danish, thank God!), many dialect have the stress on the
- first syllable in words like 'banan' (banana), 'litteratur',
- 'professor' etc., because the rule is so strong. (In these dialects
- only words with prefixes like 'be-' ('betale' = pay) and some others
- have the stress not on the first syllable.
- And the number of syllables seems to be irrelevant. Take
- compunds like (Norw.) 'jernbanearbeiderforbundsledelsen' (the leadership
- of the union of the railway workers), which has the stress on the first
- syllable, like almost all other compunds - in Norw. and Swedish.
- The same holds for place names, with some exceptions. The name
- mentioned by ES seems totally un-Swedish and is consequently of no
- interest to the general pattern. But even old native place names may
- have the stress on later syllables: 'Göteborg' (Sw.), 'Kristiansand'
- (Norway) on the last syllable, 'Stavanger' (No.), 'Kristianstad'
- /krishansta/ (Sw.) on the second - among others.
-
- What has been said about the origin of the tonemes (or whatever they
- are) in Norw. and Swedish, is correct: In principle it is words which
- once had one syllable which now has toneme 1 (akr > }ker ('field'), and
- word with two syllables which have toneme 2 (hestar > hester (No.) /
- hästar (Sw.) ('horses').
- In some dialects of Norwegian a new toneme distinction has
- arised in one syllable words, the distinction is between old one
- syllable word and newer one syllable words, i.e. words which have
- lost one syllable.
-
- Svein Lie
- University of Oslo
-