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- Newsgroups: sci.lang
- Path: sparky!uunet!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!darwin.sura.net!sgiblab!munnari.oz.au!titan!hal!jbm
- From: jbm@hal.trl.OZ.AU (Jacques Guy)
- Subject: Subject/object ambiguity in Breton (was: bhasa etc.)
- Message-ID: <1993Jan24.225645.13267@trl.oz.au>
- Sender: root@trl.oz.au (System PRIVILEGED Account)
- Organization: Telecom Research Labs, Melbourne, Australia
- Date: Sun, 24 Jan 1993 22:56:45 GMT
- Lines: 54
-
-
- My reference is Pierre Tre'pos' "Grammaire bretonne" (Imprimerie Simon,
- Rennes, undated, probably ca 1975)
-
- Page 187, Tre'pos discusses verbal particles. Of "a", paragraph
- 422, he writes:
-
- Elle a la valeur du _pronom relatif_ A: qui, que et ne s'emploie
- que lorsque le _sujet_ ou le _comple'ment d'objet_ direct
- _pre'ce`de_ le verbe: [his emphasis]
-
- tad-koz a bren eur pakad butun beb sul (eur pakad
- butun a bren tad-koz beb sul), grand-p`ere ache`te un
- paquet de tabac chaque dimanche.
-
- In English, literally:
-
- [Verbal particle A] is equivalent to the relative pronoun: who,
- whom, which, and is used only when the _subject_ or the _direct
- object_ complement _precedes_ the verb:
-
- tad-koz a bren eur pakad butun beb sul (eur pakad
- butun a bren tad-koz beb sul), granddad buys a packet
- of tobacco every Sunday.
-
-
- Interlinear translation:
-
- tad - koz a bren eur pakad butun
- father old buys a packet tobacco
-
- beb sul
- every Sunday
-
-
- In the alternative construction, in parentheses, subject and
- direct object have switched positions. Disambiguation is
- purely by meaning.
-
- Tre'pos points out that, in the part on syntax, that the passive
- is extremely frequent in Breton. There is no ambiguity in passive
- sentences, the agent being marked by the preposition "gand". E.g.
- (p.243, paragraph 575):
-
- drailhet eo bet e vraoig gand ar paotr bihan
- broken is been his toy (agent) the boy little.
- The little boy has broken his toy
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