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- From: gil@tillage.DIALix.oz.au (Gil Hardwick)
- Newsgroups: sci.environment
- Subject: Temperate zone habitat loss
- Message-ID: <727850240snx@tillage.DIALix.oz.au>
- Date: 24 Jan 93 04:37:20 GMT
- References: <149180335@hpindda.cup.hp.com>
- Organization: STAFF STRATEGIES - Anthropologists & Training Agents
- Lines: 69
-
-
- In article <149180335@hpindda.cup.hp.com> alanm@hpindda.cup.hp.com writes:
-
- > Island biogeography is a theory which attempts to explain observed species
- > area relationships in terms of processes of immigration, extinction and
- > saturation. This theory is applicable in mainlands since at some level of
- > resolution habitat islands are ubiquitous -- they are not synonomous with
- > oceanic islands. The fact that the theory can be applied does not mean that
- > a single species-area curve holds everywhere *that* the theory can be applied.
- > It means that the same underlying biogeographic processes are at work producing
- > the various curves.
-
- Would you accept, then, that each of these "islands" represents a
- unique environment, the model also therefore applicable to human
- ethnic/dialectal groups?
-
- > As Andrew Taylor pointed out, my remark that diversity and endemism tend
- > to increase towards the tropics is just a biogeographic fact, having nothing
- > to do with the applicability of a particular species-area relation.
-
- Would this explain also the increasing linguistic/dialectal diversity
- among human populations towards the tropic?
-
- > Like all models in science, models of MVP (minimum viable population) involve
- > omission of more details than they include, and are not overthrown simply
- > by pointing out that something has been omitted. Instead, what this means is
- > that a multiplicity of models, abstracting different aspects of reality, have
- > to be considered to understand any natural phenomenon. MVP is no exception.
- > It results from genetic factors, breeding biology, and environmental fluctation
- > acting together. The MVP when all these factors are taken together -- the
- > one which should be the basis for a conservation policy for that population
- > -- is increasingly thought to be set mainly by environmental fluctuation
- > rather than by genetics. However the MVP for the *specific* kind of genetic
- > information I mentioned (neutral variation), considered in isolation from
- > other factors, can be determined by the criterion that Ne >> (1/2u), where
- > u is the mutation rate of the variation and Ne is effective population size.
-
- Do you see, for some reason, that human populations *differ* in some
- marked or extra-ordinary way from basic conformity with this analysis?
-
- > By "MVP" in this case I mean the minimum size for persistance, not against
- > population extinction, but just of population polymorphism. The result is
- > robust and can be derived in numerous ways, both by starting with diffusion
- > models of genetic drift and by simpler means (one of which I gave in ECO
- > CENTRAL 24, I think it was). Derivations can be found in any standard text
- > on population genetics. The result is also experimentally very well confirmed
- > by electrophoretic measurements of single-locus polymorphism in Drosophila
- > and other species, demonstrating that what was left out of consideration when
- > the model was formed nevertheless left a phenomenon of importance behind.
- > [This is how real science is done -- not by aprioristic rejection of ideas
- > for failure to achieve instant universality, but by creative construction
- > of ideas that can survive observation and experiment in some insight-producing
- > area of application. Universality is *extremely* elusive in biology. But
- > universality is not at all the same thing as *understanding*.]
-
- Indeed! Now, what would explain such elusiveness? Insufficient data?
- Or after 120 years of biologists working all over the world as *yet*
- unable to supply proof, simply a fundamental flaw in the whole theory
- of universality?
-
- > A fairly large amount of neutral polymorphism can probably be lost in any
- .
- .
- .
- [rest goes off into more purely biological discussion]
- .
- .
-
- Gil
-