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- Newsgroups: sci.astro
- Path: sparky!uunet!boulder!alex
- From: alex@csn.org (ALEX MATTHEWS)
- Subject: Re: "Modeling" the Expanding Universe?
- Message-ID: <1993Jan28.210713.25103@colorado.edu>
- Summary: Definitions, definitions!
- Sender: news@colorado.edu (The Daily Planet)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: lyra.colorado.edu
- Organization: University of Colorado, Boulder
- References: <1k01r5INNr52@gap.caltech.edu> <schumach.727998698@convex.convex.com> <C1KnCo.5rH@well.sf.ca.us>
- Date: Thu, 28 Jan 1993 21:07:13 GMT
- Lines: 85
-
- In article <C1KnCo.5rH@well.sf.ca.us> metares@well.sf.ca.us (Tom Van Flandern) writes:
- >
- >schumach@convex.com (Richard A. Schumacher) writes:
- >
- >> If one adds two test particles to the universe, the general expansion
- >> does NOT by itself cause the test particles to move apart. Subsequent
- >> movement of the test particles depends on their mutual gravity and the
- >> gravitational or electromagnetic forces imposed on them by other
- >> matter/energy in the usual, non-cosmological ways.
- >
- > If the matter density is uniform, then the pair of test particles
- >increases its mutual separation due to the appearance of new space between
- >them, although both stay put in space.
-
- No. You are saying that the test particles are somehow forced apart
- by "new space". Either you are proposing a new entity you call "space"
- that acts on matter via some unstated force, or we are not defining "space"
- the same way. I suspect it is the latter. Here are some definitions
- that may be useful in continuing this discussion:
-
- SPACE: Nothingness, vacuum, absence of matter and energy; has no
- intrinsic measure; can only be visualized and manipulated
- by the imposition of an artificial coordinate system, as can
- be defined with matter in an inertial reference frame.
-
- COORDINATE SYSTEM: A way of measuring a measurable physical system.
- A change of coordinates does not change the physical system;
- the physical system will exist with or without the coordinate
- system. One cannot influence another.
-
- UNIVERSE: The space around us and the energy and matter it contains.
-
- INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM (IGM): The matter and energy that exists in
- space, between galaxies.
-
- Space, as I define it, cannot be considered a physical system because
- it is infinite, isotropic, homogeneous (there's only one of it) and
- collisionless. In other words, you can't see, hear, taste, touch,
- or smell it. It is self-similar, so two different coordinate systems
- will paradoxically yield the same measure. Space has no scale.
-
- I and others have been referring to the Big Bang as an expansion of
- the universe, with the assumption that an expansion is only defined
- for a measurable physical system; properly, we should only talk about
- the expansion of the matter(energy) distribution of the universe. The
- concept of space should be decoupled from the concepts of matter and energy.
- To illustrate this, consider two pens side-by-side on my desk--if I
- move them apart, have I created space between them? No, I have
- merely increased their separation, as measured using rulers defined
- by matter or energy. I did not disturb space because
- space is aphysical.
-
- Similarly, if I leave the pens alone, does the motion of cars on the
- street outside increase or decrease the space between the pens? Again,
- no; only now, the separation between pens is constant, according to the
- same ruler.
-
- What if I change my definition of space to allow a coordinate
- system, or ruler, to be placed in it, and let the ruler expand or
- contract with time? Then, suddenly, I would be able to see matter
- streaming about unintuitively, but only because I've thrown out the
- idea of an inertial reference frame. Matter would be moving because of
- a pseudoforce, not a real force. Cosmologists have reference
- frames like this which they use to separate out bulk motions,
- but they make no assumptions about them being tied to space; they
- are all tied to matter. The most familiar one is the comoving
- coordinate system, which expands by definition at the same rate
- as the Hubble flow.
-
- Tom, if you have definitions different than these please state them.
- As I have defined space, we can only discuss it from a metaphysical
- standpoint. If you think there should be a physical component to
- space, then we all can talk physics. And the first thing we'd ask
- you for is some evidence that this "physical space" exists--some
- measurement of its properties, for example. I understand that you
- are trying to use RAA to disprove the Big Bang and GR: "The big bang
- theory says that space expands, but the solar system doesn't expand,
- therefore not big bang." The weak link in your argument is your
- definition of space. As I and others define space, the behavior of
- the solar system is entirely consistent with the big bang and GR.
- --
- - Alex Matthews (new address: alexm.csn.org)
-
- "A typical Grand Prix race. High noon. Tension mounts. Throttles clench."
- Patricia Zonker, _Murdercycles_
-