home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Path: sparky!uunet!newsstand.cit.cornell.edu!vax5.cit.cornell.edu!njzy
- From: njzy@vax5.cit.cornell.edu (T. Joseph Lazio, Cornell University)
- Newsgroups: sci.astro
- Subject: Re: Compton Catastrophe
- Message-ID: <1993Jan21.100610.16946@vax5.cit.cornell.edu>
- Date: 21 Jan 93 10:06:10 EST
- References: <psima01.727536934@convex>
- Distribution: sci
- Organization: Cornell University
- Lines: 65
-
- In article <psima01.727536934@convex>,
- psima01@convex.zdv.uni-tuebingen.de (Michael Maisack) writes:
- >
- > can soemone please explain to me what the "Compton catastrophe"
- > is, how it comes about and what the limits are?
-
- The "Compton catastrophe" is the term given to the thermostat-like
- action produced by inverse-Compton scattering in a magnetized,
- relativistic plasma.
-
- Qualitatively, it works in the following manner. A relativistic
- plasma, e.g. a gas of electrons all moving near the speed of
- light, will produce synchrotron radiation if the plasma is
- threaded by a magnetic field. Synchrotron radiation is a
- fundamental radiation process due to magnetic fields: In the
- presence of a magnetic field, a charged particle, e.g. electron,
- is confined to spiral around the magnetic field lines. As a result,
- it emits photons.
-
- If synchrotron radiation was the only important radiation process,
- the story would end here. The only energy loss process would
- be synchrotron emission. However, the photons can interact on the
- electrons producing an additional energy loss due to inverse
- Compton (IC) scattering. IC scattering is when an electron
- scatters off a photon, increasing the energy of the photon and
- lowering the energy of the electron.
-
- The thermostat mechanism arises because these two processes compete.
- In order to produce synchrotron radiation, i.e. photons, one requires
- relativistic electrons. However, IC scattering acts to reduce the
- number of available relativistic electrons. In fact, the ratio
- between the IC luminosity, L_IC, and the synchrotron radiation, L_s,
- has the simple form,
-
- L_IC U_rad
- ---- = -----
- L_s U_B
-
- where U_rad is the energy density in the radiation field and U_B
- is the energy density in the magnetic field.
-
- The so-called "Compton catastrophe" arises when U_rad/U_B > 1.
- In this case, IC scattering is reducing the number of relativistic
- electrons faster than the relativistic electrons can produce
- synchrotron radiation, thereby shutting down the entire process.
-
- Astronomically, this process is thought to be important in the
- cores of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). In particular, the number
- of AGN with so-called brightness temperatures > 1.0E12 K is very
- small. This limit of 1.0E12 K is taken to be reflection of the
- "Compton catastrophe" at work.
-
- This is largely from memory; corrections and/or additions welcome.
- If desired, I can dig up my radio astrophysics notes and be a bit
- more quantitative.
-
- --
- T. Joseph Lazio | Why relativity? and Why
- 514 Space Sciences | turbulence? I really believe
- Ithaca, NY 14853-6801 | [God] will have an answer for the
- (607) 255-6420 | first [question].
- lazio@astrosun.tn.cornell.edu | -- W. Heisenberg, on his death bed
- ICBM: |
- 42 deg. 20' 08" N | STOP RAPE
- 76 deg. 28' 48" W |
-