NetNews Usenet Archive 1993 #3/NN_1993_3.iso/spool/misc/activism/progress/10246

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Subject: TS: Libya Under Fire
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/** mideast.gulf: 27.0 **/
** Topic: Libya under Fire **
** Written  1:20 am  Jan  6, 1993 by [e-mail] in cdp:mideast.gulf **
Copyright GEHEIM / TOP SECRET MAGAZINE
Mr. Michael Opperskalski
P.O. Box 270324
5000 Koeln (Cologne) 1
Germany
Mail: [e-mail]

Libya under Fire

by Hassan Abou Louft

On 21 December 1988 a Pan Am plane, Flight No. 103, crashed over
the English town of Lockerbie, torn to pieces by a bomb. Since
that time, Libya has been pilloried by the international media for
 allegedly being responsible for this attack. Two alleged
perpetrators - Libyan citizens - were quickly found, and sanctions
were declared by the UN against Libya in order to force Tripoli to
hand over the allegedly responsible parties. Until this day, no
indisputable evidence has been found concerning the perpetrators;
nonetheless Libya has been internationally condemned.

However, there are clear clues which make it possible to trace the
trail of the attackers in the direction of Tehran. These traces
have also been confirmed in the report on a secret investigation
made by the PLO,1 which assumes that Iran, or certain circles
within the Iranian government centering on former Minister of the
Interior Mohtashemi, organized the bombing attack as an act of
revenge for the shooting down of an Iranian passenger plane by the
US Marines in the Persian Gulf, and possibly also in order to
torpedo a covert US operation aimed at freeing Western hostages in
Lebanon.

In concrete terms, the attack seems to have been aimed at several
CIA agents responsible for operations in the Near East, who were
on board this flight. Top Secret's German sister magazine, Geheim,
already reported, shortly after the attack,2 that CIA man Matthew
K. Gannon was aboard the plane, after being rotated out of his
post in Beirut, Lebanon. He was accompanied by the following US
secret-service members: Ronald Larivier (CIA), Daniel O'Connor
(CIA), Major Charles McKee (Defence Intelligence Agency/the
military secret service of the USA), Michael S. Bernstein (Office
of Special Investigations/Justice Department). Some of them were
members of a super-secret commando whose purpose was to liberate
Western hostages being held by pro-Iran groups in Lebanon.
Involved in this precisely targeted attack was Monzer Al-Kassar,
an arms and drug dealer with far-reaching connections in the Near
East. There are indications that he ordered the bomb to be planted
on behalf of the Iranians.

Nonetheless, public opinion throughout the world, whipped up by
the USA, has grown accustomed to condemning Libya as the alleged
organizer of the attack. No other clues have been followed
through, as a matter of deliberate policy. Thus the suspicion
arises that the USA is less interested in clearing up the
Lockerbie attack than in pursuing an international campaign
against Libya whose aim is to isolate it, destabilize it, and
overthrow its leadership. In the following section we shall
present a long list of CIA actions aimed at forcing Libya to
succumb to North American control. The Lockerbie campaign fits
effortlessly into this list...


1  cf. Neue Zuericher Zeitung (Switzerland), 25 February 1992

2  cf. Geheim, No. 3/88
** End of text from cdp:mideast.gulf **

/** mideast.gulf: 28.0 **/
** Topic: National Libyan Army against Qadafi **
** Written  1:20 am  Jan  6, 1993 by [e-mail] in cdp:mideast.gulf **
Copyright GEHEIM / TOP SECRET MAGAZINE
Mr. Michael Opperskalski
P.O. Box 270324
5000 Koeln (Cologne) 1
Germany
Mail: [e-mail]



T
"National Libyan Army" Trains near Washington to Overthrow
Qaddafi: "Al-Hayat" Enters Opposition's Barracks, Roams Inside
Them, and Meets Its Leader

by Bashara Nassar, Washington


A reporter from the newspaper "Al-Hayat" entered barracks near the
US capital which are held by the "National Front for the Salvation
of Libya". It was the first time a journalist from an Arabic or
other foreign newspaper had been able to see the inside of the
barracks of an Arab opposition group within American territory.
These barracks are being used as a training position with the aim
of toppling the Libyan government system ever since the front
troops were transferred from Chad via Nigeria and Zaire to the US.


This "Al-Hayat" reporter surveyed the barracks, roamed over most
of its grounds, met some officers and soldiers, and had extended
talks with the leader of the "National Libyan Army", Col. Khalifa
Hafter (the full text will be published tomorrow). Col. Hafter
told me that the front has 400 fighters in the US and gave me an
account of their training and the types of weapons being used, as
well as the group's finances. He told me the story of his arrest
in Chad, how he joined the opposition, and how he and his men were
brought in American planes of the "Hercules" type to the US, via
three African capitals.

Situated four hours by car from Washington, these members of the
Libyan opposition, gathered around a map of Libya labeled with
several military markers, are waiting for the right moment to
return to Tripoli - a moment which is tied up with the departure
of the present system, as they describe it.

Libya seems far away from the barracks of the National Libyan
Army, but this army's presence in the US strengthens it more than
does the number of its fighters. This may be because the US now
holds the keys of the "new world order", or it may be that the
Libyan opposition has for the time being found a powerful ally,
while the Libyan government has lost its own powerful partner.
Nothing in the barracks suggests that military action is imminent,
but the men gathered around the map speak of the "fatal crisis"
the Libyan government has faced in its power struggle with the
United States ever since the results of the investigation of the
Lockerbie incident were published.


The Trip

My trip started in Washington with the ringing of the telephone in
my hotel room. At the other end of the line was a leading figure
of the "National Front for the Salvation of Libya". He informed me
that my seemingly impossible negotiations with the Front for
permission to visit one of its barracks had in fact been
successful, and that two persons would be waiting for me in half
an hour's time at the entrance of the hotel. It promised to be a
sensational trip. I asked my silent companions, who seemed to be
security men, whether we were going to the airport to take a plane
to another city - I expected to be brought to another city which
would be warmer and more suitable for a training camp - but they
replied that we were going drive to another town.

On the road I realized that we were crossing Virginia. Throughout
the drive, my companions engaged in a long talk about personal
things and did not answer any of my questions about the place or
the route to it. They did not even apologize for their secrecy.
After driving for about two hours on a highway, the car turned
into a narrow back road. One hour later, the car turned into
another, curving road. The region was hilly and covered with dense
forest, which increased my feeling of rising cold.

Finally, although we were now driving in darkness, I realized that
we had arrived at our destination. The car stopped and the driver
went to have a talk with the guard. When he came back, he removed
the barricade and we went in.

In the barracks we were received by the leader of the National
Libyan Army, Col. Khalifa Hafter. After drinking tea and asking
some questions, I was given a tour of the barracks, accompanied by
Col. Salih Al-Habbony and Major Abdullah Al-Shaikhy. At this time,
a troop of soldiers came running in from outside and scattered in
front of a big tent situated between two buildings. They had come
in to receive their final orders after an exhausting evening
training session. One officer made a speech to them, but they were
clearly in a state of collapse and were listening impatiently for
his final instructions. When I walked in with Col. Hafter, they
all jumped to their feet to make the military salute. Then the
whole group performed their evening prayers. I made some photos
before being sternly informed that for several reasons permission
to make photographs would be limited. Then the exhausted soldiers
went to rest.

We paid a visit to two tents located 200 meters to the south,
which were used for sleeping and entertainment. In one of these
tents, four soldiers were training with a radio.

The soldiers were awakened at six in the morning. Dozens of
soldiers wearing track suits or informal military uniform were
running and doing calisthenics. The Army's banner was raised, and
the song of the Front was sung, without music and with the
soldiers stumbling over some of the lines. It was obvious that the
soldiers had received strict orders not to talk to the "outsider";
some of the officers seemed to be exempt from this.

The place looks like an official military base. It has two gates,
one being used as an entrance and the other as an exit. There are
three buildings, two of them close together and the third located
at the other end of the grounds, which have the area of two
football fields. At one end of the camp are barricades and
trenches for training purposes. Some are filled with water and in
others material is burned so as to be jumped over by the soldiers.
There are ropes to be climbed and walls to be scaled. Major
Al-Habbony described this as an "arena for heavy training".

There are no ranks and no complete military uniforms in the
barracks; complete military uniform is an exception, for the
purpose of photographs. Nonetheless, everybody behaved in a
professional manner. The soldiers' movements were coordinated, and
their language and mode of address was 100% military. No weapons
were visible in the barracks except for personal pistols, which
were of American make. How did they train without weapons? Col.
Hafter replied, "Everybody is well-trained, so they do not need
permanent training with weapons. They are professionals and have
all the necessary training. They have had severe military training
in Chad for three years, and they are considered to be militarily
highly qualified. Furthermore, the aim of this operation is not
military training, because these are not permanent barracks. This
is an operation which will last for one week only, with the aim of
reorganization and preparation for the next stage."


Four Hundred Men

When I asked him about the number of men participating, he
replied, "There are 400 men on American territory, distributed in
25 states. They are regularly called in for military training and
lessons in moral orientation, and to listen to political lectures
explaining the targets of our Front and our future missions. We
have operations rooms that enable us to alarm all of our men in a
very short period of time." In one of these rooms there were
various US-made communication systems and big military maps. In
one corner was a relief map of Libya with some places labeled with
markers. In the other building there was a big dining hall and a
kitchen run by the soldiers themselves. Nex to this was a library
containing books in Arabic and English on the history of Libya,
literature including some books of poetry and novels, and issues
of "Al-Inqath" magazine, which is published by the National Front
for the Salvation of Libya.

We were prevented from visiting the third building on the other
side of the grounds, on the pretext that it was being renovated.
When I expressed my doubts about this excuse, the officers in my
company agreed unanimously that a visit to that building would be
useless, as it was "badly organized". When I asked whether it was
inhabited by Americans, the answer was strictly negative. All of
the automobiles inside the camp were civilian. Most of them were
vans for bringing supplies to the camp. There were also several
ordinary cars for the purpose of transport among the three
buildings; these were distributed under the trees.

Col. Al-Shaikhy explained that among the forces in the US there
are 28 officers, two of them being colonels and the rest captains.
Most of the men have been living without their families for the
past five years. Some had not seen their families for the past
eight years. He added that 75% of the forces had been transported
by American Hercules airplanes from Kenya to the US after Njamena
fell into the hands of Idriss Dibi. The flight was across Nigeria
and Zaire. The remaining 25% of the soldiers joined the force in
the US; they are mainly volunteers, and some of them are
accompanied by their families.

Does he feel embarrassed because the force is based in the US
rather than in some other Arab country? Col. Al-Shaikhy answered:
"At first we felt embarrassed, because we know America, the
history of its relations with the Arabs, and its absolute
agreement with Israel. But we like to explain that we came to
America only after all the Arab countries had refused to take us.
In addition, the Americans are granting us all of our requirements
unconditionally. If they ask us to intervene, we will do so only
if their request coincides with our own targets and methods. If we
are convinced, then we will be in the vanguard and will bear the
full responsibility in front of God and our people."

Captain Nassraldin Kermos added, "There is no way one could
compare our presence here with our presence in Chad or Zaire or
Kenya. We can do all of our training here, especially while we are
modernizing our weapons to be compatible with American and
European arms. This will make our duties in the future easier
while we are waiting to wage the last battle with the system of
Al-Qaddafi."

"Don't you feel nostalgic for Chad or Libya?" I asked. His answer
was: "Libya is in the heart of each one of us. We are tied to
every particle of its soil, and we firmly cling to the honor of
each Libyan citizen. If that were not so we would not have decided
to leave the country, oppose the system, and dedicate ourselves to
fighting for our goals, which are the goals of the Front and the
entire serious opposition." When asked about the differences
between their present American training camp and the environment
in Libya, Captain Salim Abdulsalam Al-Zaigen said, "This is not a
permanent camp. We train in other plaices where the land is quite
similar to the terrain of Libya and neighboring countries. We have
no troubles at all in this connection."

On the question of their tribal origins, the officers said, "We
are proud of our tribes, our origins, and our families. We come
from all the tribes and towns, but we set our patriotic goals
above them. Our differences take second place to the spirit of
patriotic solidarity."

A man sitting nearby was not paying any attention to this. I asked
him what he was thinking about. He answered, "Nothing at all." I
repeated my question, but he apologized, then added with a shaking
voice, "You remind me of my home and family. I have seven children
in Libya. I have not seen them for the past five years." After
saying goodbye, I went back to my companions. At the exit I tried
in vain to determine the identity of the man behind the glass
window who pushed the button to make the barrier lift
automatically so that we could start our trip back to Washington.


Source: "Al-Hayat" Newspaper, 18 December 1991
** End of text from cdp:mideast.gulf **

/** mideast.gulf: 29.0 **/
** Topic: US against Libya **
** Written  1:21 am  Jan  6, 1993 by [e-mail] in cdp:mideast.gulf **
Copyright GEHEIM / TOP SECRET MAGAZINE
Mr. Michael Opperskalski
P.O. Box 270324
5000 Koeln (Cologne) 1
Germany
Mail: [e-mail]



The Aggressive and Terrorist Activities of the US Administration
Against the Libyan People*


- In 1972 Washington refused to conduct any dialogue or any
diplomatic relations at the ambassadorial level with the
Jamahiria. On 30 May 1973, a US aircraft entered Libyan air space
during the maneuvers of the Sixth Fleet.

- In 1974 the delivery of 8 DC 1309 planes to Libya was blocked,
despite the previous payment of $ 60,000 in cash.

- On 3 January 1975 the US Secretary of State threatened to use
force against oil-producing countries.

- In 1977 the Pentagon put the Jamahiria on its list of enemies of
the USA.

- In 1978 the USA waged an undeclared economic war against Libya
with the aim of discontinuing Libya's export business, including
the delivery of Boeing planes for civilian air traffic.

- On 24 January 1978 the US Department of State declared that
Libya was the first state against which the USA would take
retaliatory measures on account of its position on the Palestinian
question.

- During the period from 27 to 30 July 1978, the Sixth US Fleet
conducted maneuvers near Libyan territorial waters.

- In 1979 the CIA began to recruit agents and mercenaries through
"Thomas Allen Tunin", chief of the CIA unit in New Delhi,
including the spy Mohammed Youssef Al-Magrief.

- On 8 and 9 August 1979 the Sixth US Fleet conducted maneuvers
near Libyan territorial waters at 32.30° latitude. The Libyan
Foreign Ministry was obliged to deliver a memorandum to the
American chargé d'affaires in Jamahiria to the effect that Libya
would defend its territorial waters if necessary.

- On 10 April 1980 the American authorities put pressure on the
employees of the Libyan People's Bureau and expelled four members
of the mission from the country.

- On 12 May 1980 American conspiratorial cells engaging in
espionage activities were exposed. Their task had been to widen
and deepen the rift between the USA and Libya.

- In the summer of 1980 a plan was worked out to shoot down the
plane of Muammar Al-Qaddafi, leader of the revolution, on a flight
to Eastern Europe. An Italian plane flying over Ostika was shot
down instead by mistake.

- In May 1981 President Reagan ordered the expulsion of the
employees of the Libyan People's Bureau in Washington.

- On 27 July 1981 "Newsweek" published an article reporting that
CIA Director William Casey had authorized an extensive plan to
overthrow the popular democratic system in Jamahiria. According to
information released by a Congressman, the purpose of this plan
was to assassinate Muammar Al-Qaddafi.

- On 8 August 1981 the CIA Director formulated a plan for a media
and psychological war aimed at stirring up hatred. If necessary,
the plan also called for physically eliminating people. It was
President Reagan who made this plan possible.

- At 7:12 a.m. on 19 August 1981 the Gulf of Sirte was attacked.
Eight American planes attacked two reconnaissance planes of the
Libyan-Arab air force which were on a routine reconnaissance
flight over Libyan territory. Both Libyan planes were shot down.

- On 31 August "Newsweek" published an article entitled "The
Undeclared War" which stated that the air battle over the
Mediterranean would not end the undeclared war. The USA was
convinced, the article continued, that Qaddafi was a danger to the
pro-West regimes. This was also the reason for the Reagan
administration's efforts to eliminate him as an active political
and military power.

- On 17 October 1981 the Sixth US Fleet began maneuvers near the
Gulf of Sirte lasting until 22 October 1981.

- On 16 February 1981 there was a clash between Libyan and
American planes after the American planes had violated Libyan air
space 80 km. from Benghazi.

- On 17 February 1983 President Reagan ordered the nuclear-powered
aircraft carrier "Nimec" to sail in the direction of Libyan
coastal waters.

- During the year 1984 several spies in the hire of the CIA
entered the country for the purpose of carrying out assassinations
and stirring up unrest. They came in groups on the following
dates:

a) On 4 February 1984 five groups entered the country in the
following formations:

- First group: Salem Al-Galay, Salem Almani
- Second group: Khaled Yahya Muammar, Abdullah Al-Matouni
- Third group: Saleh Al-Muaddab, Kamal Al-Shami
- Fourth group: Usama Shallouf, Salem Abdul Sallam Al-Hassi
- Fifth group: Nasser Al-Dahra, Jamal Al-Sabai, Anis Mohammed
  Al-Raeed

b) In April 1984 another group, which had received the same
training and had the same mission, entered the country. It
consisted of: Al Aref Dakhiel, Mustafa Bu Ghrara.

c) In May 1984 the spy Ahmed Ibrahim Hawas, accompanied by Ammar
Al-Hassairi and Bashir Hamouda, entered the country in accordance
with a plan meant to make it easier for them to carry out sabotage
actions and assassinations. Sudanese passports, maps and drawings,
and names of national figures were found on their persons. The
plan called for them to carry out the following attacks:

- The elimination of 40 persons whose names were on a list they
carried.

- The destruction of vitally important installation and the
poisoning of wells and storage tanks for drinking water by means
of a chemical they brought with them for this purpose, which was
later confiscated by the courts.

- Arson in the public markets which are visited in great numbers
by Arabs and foreigners. They succeeded in setting fire to one of
these markets by using various types of weapons, bombs, and
plastic explosives, which were later confiscated. Descriptions of
the weapons used in the crime were recorded individually in the
reports of the responsible authorities.

The spies in the abovementioned groups confessed to having
received intensive training for these terrorist actions from
members of the Sudanese secret service during the Numeri era, as
well as from "Mr. Jack", the CIA chief in Sudan. According to
their statements, "Mr. Jack" was in direct contact with the leader
of these terrorist actions, the abovementioned Mohammed Youssef
Al-Magrief, and his companion Ali Abdullah Al-Darrat.

In the summer of 1985 the "Washington Post" published on its front
page a long article by Bob Woodward and Paul Bandwarfok which
reported that the US State Department had taken extraordinary
actions in the summer of 1985, including sending for the American
ambassador to Egypt and putting him in charge of a covert
operation. According to the article, an American-Egyptian military
action directed from the White House, whose purpose was an
Egyptian invasion of Libya and the occupation of one-half of
Libya's territory with American assistance, was to be cancelled.
This plan had aimed at removing Qaddafi from power.

This operation was recommended by the following persons:

- Robert McFarlin, security advisor for national security
- his assistant, John Poindexter
- a third man, Donald Foster.

This covert plan to overthrow the popular democratic system in
Libya operated under the code name "Flower".

- In 1985 the CIA recruited mercenaries to be trained for several
attempts to assassinate the leader of the Libyan revolution. One
of these plans called for sprinkling into his food a substance
that would weaken his immune system and thus cause a gradual death
whose symptoms could not be quickly recognized. On 18 June 1985
the CIA prepared a report entitled "Gap-Leavers" which admits that
the agents who were hired were unreliable. This was even confirmed
by assistant CIA chief Jack Mahoon.

- In 1986 President Reagan issued an administrative order setting
1 February 1986 as the deadline by which all American citizens and
businesses were to end any kind of cooperation with Libya.

- On 24 March 1986 the USA carried out a military air-and-sea
attack on the Gulf of Sirte in which three aircraft carriers
participated.

- On 25 March 1986 the USA violated the UN Charter and
international law in every conceivable way by conducting a
dangerous undertaking against the Jamahiria. US Navy planes in the
Mediterranean near the Gulf of Sirte bombarded civilian targets in
the Gulf of Sirte and a Coast Guard boat which was on a routine
reconnaissance trip. Furthermore, a Coast Guard ship which was
also on a routine reconnaissance trip in Libyan territorial waters
was also attacked. The brutal result of this adventure was the
death of the entire crew - 10 men - of the Coast Guard boat. The
crew of the Coast Guard ship - 42 men - survived the attack and
were swimming to shore when the US Navy eliminated them.

- On 25 March 1986 the US administration authorized the Commander
of the Sixth Fleet, which is stationed in the Mediterranean, to
attack Libyan airports if US ships or aircraft were attacked by
the Libyan armed forces.

- On 31 March 1986 the Egyptian newspaper "Al-Ahram" reported that
the USA had proposed to Egypt three times during recent months
that the two countries conduct a joint military action against
Libya.

- On 4 April 1986 US Vice President Bush continued his travels in
the Near East. He visited the US aircraft carrier "Enterprise",
which was stationed off the coast of the Sultanate of Oman. When
Bush told the Marines that the Sixth Fleet's attack on Libya the
previous month had been a tough lesson for Qaddafi which had given
him a nosebleed, he was greeted with cheers.

- On 15 April 1986 the US made a tyrannical attack on Libya: 19 US
airplanes carried out President Reagan's order to bombard the
house of Moammar Al-Qaddafi, as well as Tripoli and Benghazi.
Innocent civilians were killed, many women and children were
wounded, and homes and holy places were destroyed. Great Britain,
which was the AF 111 planes' starting point, participated in this
deliberate aggression. The purpose of this attack, according to
statements made by several American politicians, was to change the
popular democratic system in Libya. Vernon Walters, the permanent
US representative to the UN, declared that the US administration
remained determined to continue its efforts to change this system.

- On 15 April 1986 US Secretary of State Weinberger declared that
the US combat aircraft had attacked five targets. One of these
targets was the Al-Azizia barracks, heaquarters of the supreme
command of Colonel Muammar Al-Qaddafi.

- On 15 April 1986 the British daily newspaper "Daily Mail",
referring to Washington sources, reported that former President
Ronald Reagan had had a secret plan to overthrow the popular
democratic system in Libya. A number of Libyan officers who had
been recruited abroad by the CIA were to carry out this mission.

- On 16 April 1986 American pilots who had participated in the air
attack on Libya stated that the purpose of the attack had been the
assassination of Qaddafi.

- On 17 April 1986 the London "Daily Mail" reported that former
President Reagan had had a secret plan to overthrow the Libyan
government; furthermore, the article continues, the CIA was trying
to make contact with former Libyan officers in order to induce
them to overthrow the system, and had opened a special bank
account to finance this operation.

- On 18 April 1986 US Secretary of State George Schulz declared
that the overthrow of the popular democratic system in Libya would
be a good thing; in his office at the State Department, he
repeated that the targets of the air attack had been selected so
as to show the Libyan military that this air attack was aimed at
overthrowing the system.

- On 18 April 1986 the "Wall Street Journal" quoted two
high-ranking administration officials as saying that the US
administration had drawn up the following plan:

- to conduct maneuvers preparing for an attack on vital targets

- to prepare for special CIA operations aimed at overthrowing the
system in Libya

- to conduct joint actions with France against Libya

- to send an American official to Europe to convince US allies
that an economic boycott of Libya was necessary.

- In 1986 the USA launched a covert and extraordinary
disinformation campaign which was part of a secret plan authorized
during a secret meeting at the White House on 14 August 1986. Its
purpose was to stir up unrest and create the impression that an
opposition existed within Libya.

- On 25 April 1986, well-informed Western circles reported that
several European countries had received information to the effect
that the US administration was planning the assassination of
Libyan chief of state Muammar Al-Qaddafi; for this purpose a
special commando had been formed which included agents from the
Near East recruited by the CIA.

On 26 April the British "Times" wrote that according to American
officials the purpose of the attack on Libya had been the
assassination of the Libyan chief of state.

- On 14 May 1986 the US State Department terminated a contract
with FIAT concerning the delivery of 170 bulldozers to the US
Navy, on the grounds that the Libyan government was represented on
the firm's Board of Directors.

- On 5 October 1986 the "Washington Post" wrote that the US State
Department had distributed a working paper on 6 August concerning
the transformation of the popular democratic system in Libya.

- On 5 October 1986 the "Washington Post" published an internal
paper of the US State Department from August which contained a
plan to assassinate Muammar Al-Qaddafi.

- On 22 February 1987 the "New York Times" and the "Sunday Times"
published a joint report on the American air attack on Libya. The
author of this article, who had interviewed more than 70 American
officials, confirmed that the true purpose of this air attack was
not to destroy the training camps of the irregulars or military
installations, but to assassinate chief of state Al-Qaddafi.

The report goes on to say that President Reagan had held a special
meeting at which the possibility of killing chief of state
Al-Qaddafi had been discussed after former CIA chief William Casey
had convinced him of the necessity of this action.

- In December 1987 the US Secretary of State began his trip to
Africa, in the course of which he visited eight countries,
including the countries in the Sahel. He called on the latter for
cooperation and solidarity against Libya.

- On 22 December 1987 the first American arms shipment arrived in
Njamina on a C-S-Glasy aircraft. At the same time, the US State
Department declared that President Ronald Reagan had approved
military aid for Hussain Habre amounting to $ 15,000,000.

- In 1987 troops trained to carry out sabotage operations arrived
in Chad. Their training had been specially tailored to American
plans for attacking Libya. Chad offered these troops operational
possibilities. Military camps were built, including the Um Sanina
camp. Barracks for military experts were erected; unlimited
financial aid was provided. Immoral methods of treatment and
psychological warfare were used against the Libyan hostages in
Chad. Some of them were even killed in the presence of other
hostages because they refused to join these terrorist troops. The
murdered hostages included Major Abdul Salman Sahban and Group
Captain Abdulsalem Sharf Al-Deen. After the victory of the troops
of President Idris Debi and the overthrow of the regime of the
agent Habri in November 1990, the US administration perpetrated an
act of piracy against these hostages, which occurred as follows:

- On 7 December 1990 a US C 141-Nr-50280 aircraft stationed in
Ramstein (FRG) landed at Njamina airport. The American ambassador
to Chad was present. Two hundred Libyan hostages were transported
against their will in this aircraft to Nigeria.

- On 8 December 1990, 450 Libyan hostages were transported in the
same way from Njamina airport to Zaire.

- On 16 December 1991 the London-based Arab newspaper "Al-Hayat"
reported that its correspondent had visited a CIA-run training
camp in the state of Virginia for the Libyan hostages that the USA
had kidnapped from Chad. These troops had already received some
training in Chad under the leadership of Colonel Robert Bag, the
former American ambassador to Chad. Bag had even planned to
transport them to the USA and train them there for subsequent
sabotage actions against the Jamahiria. A man calling himself
"Khalifa Haftar" admitted this quite openly in an interview for
"Al-Hayat" on 19 December 1991. He added that the Americans had
declared that they were fully prepared to offer every type of
training for air and ground operations against the Jamahiria.


* Source: Brochure of the Libyan People's Bureau (Embassy),
Germany, published under the title "The Lockerbie Case -
Documentation", spring 1992
** End of text from cdp:mideast.gulf **