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- From: fc@turing.duq.edu (Fred Cohen)
- Newsgroups: comp.virus
- Subject: Re: on the definition of virus
- Message-ID: <0008.9301221631.AA12947@barnabas.cert.org>
- Date: 14 Jan 93 22:54:31 GMT
- Sender: virus-l@lehigh.edu
- Lines: 76
- Approved: news@netnews.cc.lehigh.edu
-
-
- In a recent virus-l, someone wrote that they liked Alan Solomon's
- redefinition of a `real virus' as `a program that replicates without the
- user's awareness and cooperation' (p602 V11N7 Computers and Security).
-
- There are some minor problems with this definition that I would
- like to point out.
-
- 1) If a user is aware of the `Brain' virus on a floppy disk, and inserts
- it anyway and boots, it is a virus? According to Solomon's definition it
- is NOT a virus because the person was:
-
- a) aware
- b) cooperative
-
- HOWEVER - If another user does exactly the same thing without
- knowing that the disk contains a virus, then it IS a virus!
-
- My problem is that I now have to assess the state of mind of the
- user to determine whether the thing we call `Brain' is a `real virus' or
- not. We know for certain that it is a `virus', but whether it is a
- `real virus' changes as the user's awareness level changes. Careful -
- if you go to sleep - it's a `real virus' - but don't worry - when you
- wake up it isn't.
-
- How about in a multiuser environment? The same sequence of bytes
- is both a `real virus' and not a `real virus' because one user is aware
- that it replicates and another is not. If `backup' a `real virus'? It
- was a few days ago, but now that you are all aware that it is a `virus',
- it is no longer a `real virus' for you.
-
- What about fully automated systems, where there are no `users',
- EVERY replicating program is a virus, because there is no user
- awareness.
-
- How about designer awareness? Administrator awareness? I guess
- that my maintenance viruses are `real viruses' because the users aren't
- aware of them. Even if I tell them about the viruses - they are still
- `real viruses' because the users don't have to explicitly cooperate in
- order for the maintenance to take place. So I guess we can have benevolent
- `real viruses' as well.
-
- What is all this leading to? The environmental factor that
- determines what meets Solomon's definition of Solomon's `real virus' has
- to do with the state of mind of the `user'. That means that there is no
- objective test to determine whether or not something is a virus because
- two different observers could draw completely different conclusions and
- both be right.
-
- Solomon then goes on to state that ``useful (antivirus software)
- differentiates between (`real viruses') and non(`real viruses')''!!! But
- this means that useful anti-virus software can differentiate between the
- states of mind of different users! Fantastic!!! It read's your mind,
- and only warns you if you aren't already aware or you aren't cooperating!
- Of course, in testing, it never tells you about a virus, because there
- are no `real viruses' in a test - after all, you know about the test and
- you are cooperating.
-
- HUMOR ON!!! (I wouldn't want to offend anyone's sensibility)
-
- Is that why Solomon's toolkit does so poorly in tests? (NOTE
- Solomon's toolkit is really quite good at detecting known viruses - even
- in tests). We must conclude from this that Solomon's antivirus products
- are not useful - by his own claims. But I think he wants us to believe
- that they are useful, so I am anxious to find out how they detect the
- state-of-mind of the user. ... Sorry - they don't do that yet.
-
- HUMOR OFF!!
-
- Maybe Solomon's product is very good - but his definition isn't.
-
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