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- Newsgroups: sci.physics.fusion
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- From: terry@asl.dl.nec.com
- Subject: Re: electrostatic fusion
- Message-ID: <1992Dec31.055118.11523@asl.dl.nec.com>
- Originator: terry@aslss01
- Sender: news@asl.dl.nec.com
- Nntp-Posting-Host: aslss01
- Organization: (Speaking only for myself)
- References: <1992Dec29.112835.62319@cc.usu.edu>
- Date: Thu, 31 Dec 1992 05:51:18 GMT
- Lines: 82
-
- Hi folks,
-
- (No, I have not disappeared. I will be sending a largish contribution on
- the issue of cavitation fairly soon. It scared the daylights out of me when
- my off-the-cuff ramblings came so close to real experiments of which I had
- no knowledge. Cold glycerin/water cavitation _really does_ give UV? Wow!)
-
-
- In article <1992Dec29.112835.62319@cc.usu.edu> system@cc.usu.edu writes:
-
- > Introduction: Researchers at Hill Air Force Base have recently
- > submitted a patent application concerning the use of electrostatic
- > devices for creating nuclear fusion ...
- > The sharp points produce enormous fields. In the phenomena known as
- > Saint Elmo's fire, a corona is observed at the edges of leaves where
- > the charge on the leaves leaks off into the surrounding atmosphere.
-
- Sigh. While I like seeing this kind of serious entry, this one immediately
- raised a red flag. Sharp points do indeed increase field gradients, and this
- in combination with quantum tunneling permits very sharp points to release
- electrons from room temperature cathodes.
-
- However, there is an entire mini-electronics-industry in the process of
- forming around this very effect, mainly because thin-film diamonds happen to
- be very good at releasing elecrons from such sharp points. In the not-to-far
- future you are likely to see extremely tiny true vacuum tubes being made with
- this effect, since to this day there are things you can do with triods that
- you just cannot achieve very easily with true solid state devices.
-
- In short, there is a _lot_ of literature on the subject of the field emission
- effect. I recall field-effect microscopes from back in my childhood days, and
- quantification of the effect mathematically extends well before that, I'm sure.
-
- The thing to remember about these field emission effects is that while they
- do permit electrons to stream off in a decidedly non-classical fashion from
- a cold needle, the total acceleration provided by the effect is no higher
- than it would be for the same voltage differential without the sharp points.
-
- Why? Because the region of extremely high field gradient is also very, very
- short. It has to be -- a voltage difference is a voltage difference is a
- voltage difference, and if you "use up" most of the gradient in a very short
- distance, the rest of the gradient will just be very shallow. E.g.:
-
- +5V - _ +5V ---------------
- - _ \
- - _ \
- - 0V \ 0V
-
- The curve to the right ends with a whopper of a voltage gradient, but just as
- a rock released on either of the gravitational equivalent of these two slopes
- would still hit with (ideally) exactly the same energy at the end of the slope,
- the final energy of the electron will be determined only by the difference
- in height (volage), not by how steeply the voltage changes in some regions.
-
- I have not read through the article in detail, and so will of course cannot
- say for sure how I will react to their arguments. But I am very, very sure
- that field gradients due to physically sharp points do not produce phenomenally
- high final accelerations _unless_ a very large voltage difference already
- exists -- which would make the whole issue rather moot, since no one denies
- that very high voltages can accelerate ions to very high speeds.
-
- Additionally, there are some quantum issues that cannot be ignored. Even the
- intial "acceleration" of the electron in a field effect needle is not really
- a traditional acceleration, but a type of tunneling -- the electron more-or-
- less "loses itself" for a brief time and finds itself suddenly on the wrong
- side of an "impassible" energy barrier at the surface of the metal. It then
- moseys on out at a rather modest acceleration and final velocity.
-
- At any rate, best of luck to the authors and I hope they will continue to
- work on this one. But I would strongly recommend a detailed search of the
- literature on the field emmission effect and "cold cathode" electronics.
-
- (And by the way, one of the reasons I'm a bit adamant is that I followed
- pretty much this same path about two years ago and eventually abandoned it
- when I realized that I had been confusing some of the issues of field
- gradients and voltage differences. It's very interesting stuff, at any
- rate, and well worth a closer look by anyone interested in oddball solid
- state effects.)
-
- Cheers,
- Terry
-
-