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- Path: sparky!uunet!crdgw1!newsun!dseeman
- From: dseeman@novell.com (Daniel Seeman)
- Newsgroups: sci.physics
- Subject: Re: bubble in container
- Message-ID: <1992Dec29.011215.11278@novell.com>
- Date: 29 Dec 92 01:12:15 GMT
- References: <1992Dec27.013127.29318@lynx.dac.northeastern.edu> <1992Dec28.165049.4878@novell.com> <1992Dec29.002632.22407@sfu.ca>
- Sender: news@novell.com (The Netnews Manager)
- Organization: Novell Inc., San Jose, Califonia
- Lines: 92
- Nntp-Posting-Host: db.sjf.novell.com
-
- In article <1992Dec29.002632.22407@sfu.ca> Leigh Palmer <palmer@sfu.ca> writes:
- >In article <1992Dec28.214917.27561@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU> Vaughan R.
- >Pratt, pratt@Sunburn.Stanford.EDU asks several questions about this
- >fascinating problem, for which I thank him:
- >
- >>How do you justify hydrostatic reasoning in a hydrodynamics problem?
- >>If the bubble is on its way up the system is not in equilibrium.
- >
- >My hydrostatic solution applies to the initial and final states of the
- >system, both of which are static. The original question asked if the
- >pressure changed as the bubble rose. I take it that if the initial and
- >final pressures differ, then the pressure must have changed. I will note
- >that the solution applies to any intermediate height of the bubble as
- >well.
- >
- >>[interesting argument on another, slightly related, hydrodynamic problem
- >>omitted here, since I'm not solving a hydrodynamic problem]
- >>
- >>...The above argument shows that your formula is not valid (except at the
- >>bottom) for sufficiently low surface tension, viscosity etc. Can you
- >>give limiting conditions under which your formula *is* valid? E.g. an
- >>arbitrarily small air bubble, arbitrarily narrow container, arbitrarily
- >>high viscosity,...
- >
- >These are not limits to the validity of my solution in the ideal case. I
- >invented the inverted test tube variant for a practical barostat (note
- >the
- >"stat" suffix, as in "thermostat") because when containers are not
- >absolutely rigid and fluids are slightly compressible, it helps to have a
- >larger bubble.
- >
- >>Viscosity: The problem with increasing the viscosity would seem to be
- >>that it retards transmission of the pressure defect to the side of the
- >>container. It is not at all clear to me whether more or less viscosity
- >>is better for your formula.
- >
- >Viscosity plays no role in a static problem, but hydrostatic equilibrium
- >obtains during the bubble's rise in the limit of zero viscosity.
- >
- >>Width: If the water is much wider than it is deep then the time of
- >>transit of the bubble would be short compared to the time for its
- >>pressure differential to move out to the side, and conversely for a
- >>narrow container. Thus a narrow container would seem to help your
- >>formula.
- >
- >I guess that is correct for the hydrodynamic case.
- >
- >>Surface Tension: Enough surface tension will hold the bubble together
- >>and prevent the "tube of air," presumably helping your formula.
- >
- >The surface tension does not matter at all because, in the case of either
- >a
- >bubble or a test tube, the geometry of the surface is the same anywhere
- >it
- >is brought to rest. Any surface tension contribution to the pressure will
- >be constant, which I will subsume into my "P".
- >
- >>The combination of high surface tension, low to medium viscosity, and a
- >>narrow container would seem like the optimal combination for which your
- >>formula would be a good approximation. There should be a single
- >>formula combining these factors to give a measure of goodness of your
- >>approximation. Finding a reasonable such formula seems like an
- >>extremely hard hydrodynamics problem.
- >
- >I guess that's why I solved an easier problem. :-))
- >
- >I infer that Sushil had already discovered the result I've derived for
- >you
- >before he asked his question. He just wanted someone to confirm it for
- >him.
- >I felt the same way the first time I figured it out while contemplating a
- >Cartesian diver.
- >
- >Am I correct, Sushil?
- >
- >Leigh
-
- Hi,
-
- Let us (for fun of course) add on this extra twist. Make a glass bubble whose
- inner cavity is filled with air (at say 1 atm). Then, drop that "bubble" in a
- container of liquid (water would be fine) and close the top. Assume there is an
- air gap at the top of the container that separates the water surface from the
- top lid of the container. Now, increase the pressure in the container until the
- "bubble" sinks. As soon as the "bubble" hits the bottom, it breaks (as-
- sume there are a bunch of VERY SHARP pins on the bottom and they rupture the
- "bubble" on contact). What then happens to the air that was originally contain-
- ed in the glass "bubble?" What happens to the overall pressure in the container?
-
- Just thought I would add a bit to the puzzle...
-
- dks.
-