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- Newsgroups: sci.physics
- Path: sparky!uunet!gatech!destroyer!cs.ubc.ca!newsserver.sfu.ca!rs15-annex3.sfu.ca!palmer
- From: Leigh Palmer <palmer@sfu.ca>
- Subject: Re: bubble in container
- Message-ID: <1992Dec29.002632.22407@sfu.ca>
- X-Xxmessage-Id: <A764DB7F6C011C1F@rs15-annex3.sfu.ca>
- X-Xxdate: Mon, 28 Dec 92 00:27:43 GMT
- Sender: news@sfu.ca
- Organization: Simon Fraser University
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- References: <Bzs9I4.IqG@utdallas.edu> <1992Dec27.013127.29318@lynx.dac.northeastern.edu> <1992Dec28.165049.4878@novell.com>
- Date: Tue, 29 Dec 1992 00:26:32 GMT
- Lines: 75
-
- In article <1992Dec28.214917.27561@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU> Vaughan R.
- Pratt, pratt@Sunburn.Stanford.EDU asks several questions about this
- fascinating problem, for which I thank him:
-
- >How do you justify hydrostatic reasoning in a hydrodynamics problem?
- >If the bubble is on its way up the system is not in equilibrium.
-
- My hydrostatic solution applies to the initial and final states of the
- system, both of which are static. The original question asked if the
- pressure changed as the bubble rose. I take it that if the initial and
- final pressures differ, then the pressure must have changed. I will note
- that the solution applies to any intermediate height of the bubble as
- well.
-
- >[interesting argument on another, slightly related, hydrodynamic problem
- >omitted here, since I'm not solving a hydrodynamic problem]
- >
- >...The above argument shows that your formula is not valid (except at the
- >bottom) for sufficiently low surface tension, viscosity etc. Can you
- >give limiting conditions under which your formula *is* valid? E.g. an
- >arbitrarily small air bubble, arbitrarily narrow container, arbitrarily
- >high viscosity,...
-
- These are not limits to the validity of my solution in the ideal case. I
- invented the inverted test tube variant for a practical barostat (note
- the
- "stat" suffix, as in "thermostat") because when containers are not
- absolutely rigid and fluids are slightly compressible, it helps to have a
- larger bubble.
-
- >Viscosity: The problem with increasing the viscosity would seem to be
- >that it retards transmission of the pressure defect to the side of the
- >container. It is not at all clear to me whether more or less viscosity
- >is better for your formula.
-
- Viscosity plays no role in a static problem, but hydrostatic equilibrium
- obtains during the bubble's rise in the limit of zero viscosity.
-
- >Width: If the water is much wider than it is deep then the time of
- >transit of the bubble would be short compared to the time for its
- >pressure differential to move out to the side, and conversely for a
- >narrow container. Thus a narrow container would seem to help your
- >formula.
-
- I guess that is correct for the hydrodynamic case.
-
- >Surface Tension: Enough surface tension will hold the bubble together
- >and prevent the "tube of air," presumably helping your formula.
-
- The surface tension does not matter at all because, in the case of either
- a
- bubble or a test tube, the geometry of the surface is the same anywhere
- it
- is brought to rest. Any surface tension contribution to the pressure will
- be constant, which I will subsume into my "P".
-
- >The combination of high surface tension, low to medium viscosity, and a
- >narrow container would seem like the optimal combination for which your
- >formula would be a good approximation. There should be a single
- >formula combining these factors to give a measure of goodness of your
- >approximation. Finding a reasonable such formula seems like an
- >extremely hard hydrodynamics problem.
-
- I guess that's why I solved an easier problem. :-))
-
- I infer that Sushil had already discovered the result I've derived for
- you
- before he asked his question. He just wanted someone to confirm it for
- him.
- I felt the same way the first time I figured it out while contemplating a
- Cartesian diver.
-
- Am I correct, Sushil?
-
- Leigh
-