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- From: zeleny@husc10.harvard.edu (Michael Zeleny)
- Newsgroups: sci.philosophy.tech,sci.logic
- Subject: Re: Expression
- Message-ID: <1992Dec31.151517.18919@husc3.harvard.edu>
- Date: 31 Dec 92 20:15:15 GMT
- References: <1hsfv0INN2mt@cat.cis.Brown.EDU> <1992Dec31.014356.18909@husc3.harvard.edu> <1hv9efINNgh8@cat.cis.Brown.EDU>
- Organization: The Phallogocentric Cabal
- Lines: 149
- Nntp-Posting-Host: husc10.harvard.edu
-
- In article <1hv9efINNgh8@cat.cis.Brown.EDU>
- PL436000@brownvm.brown.edu (Jamie) writes:
-
- >>From: zeleny@husc10.harvard.edu (Michael Zeleny)
-
- J:
- >>>In regular old realist semantics, the semantic value of a predicate
- >>>is a property. The predicate contributes that property to propositions
- >>>expressed by sentences in which the predicate occurs.
-
- MZ:
- >>Not so fast. In "regular old realist semantics", the semantic value
- >>of a predicate is a propositional form, involving at least one
- >>property. Remember the Russellian quest for the true logical form of
- >>language!
-
- J:
- >Is that "at least one property" the property which the predicate
- >expresses?
-
- Make it `a property which the predicate expresses'.
-
- J:
- >>> "To call something rational is to express one's acceptance of norms
- >>> that permit it." .... Normative talk is part of nature, but it does
- >>> not describe nature. In particular, a person who calls something
- >>> rational or irrational is not describing his state of mind; he is
- >>> expressing it. To call something rational is not to attribute
- >>> some particular property to that thing--not even the property of
- >>> being permitted by accepted norms. The analysis is not directly
- >>> of what it is for something to *be* rational, but of what it is
- >>> for someone to *judge* that something is rational. We explain
- >>> the term by saying what state of mind it expresses. In this sense
- >>> the analysis is *expressivistic*, and in too big a mouthful, I shall
- >>> call it the *norm-expressivistic analysis*.
- >>> [Wise Choices, Apt Feelings pp.7-8]
- >>> [The quotation marks appear in the original.]
- >>>
- >>>I hope this is clear enough for present purposes. According to
- >>>Gibbard, there is no property of being rational. But "is rational"
- >>>is meaningful in that it expresses a special kind of endorsement.
-
- MZ:
- >>Well, I find the distinction between describing and expressing
- >>*itself* to be bereft of cognitive value. Does this mean that Gibbard
- >>is doing expressivist philosophy? Or does it mean that I simply don't
- >>care for his brand of vacuous verbigeration? You be the judge.
-
- J:
- >I don't know what it means. I decline to judge.
-
- A wise choice. Or is it an apt feeling?
-
- J:
- >I am disappointed that you see no distinction between describing
- >and expressing, though. Let me try another example.
- >
- >If I say, "All Jews should be exterminated," I am expressing
- >a hatred for Jews. But I am not describing it. If my statement
- >is false, it does not follow that I have described my hatred
- >incorrectly.
-
- Context, please. If you say "All Jews should be exterminated," you
- are expressing your hatred for Jews, and _eo ipso_, expressing your
- state of mind. Indeed, you are not describing either your hatred, or
- your state of mind; however you are describing nature, -- that is,
- your nature, -- to the extent that your expression is properly and
- naturally a consequence of your personal constitution and makeup.
-
- As to the questions of truth and falsehood, they depend on the
- semantical analysis. If your statement is analyzed as synonymous with
- "I believe that in the best of all possible worlds, all Jews will have
- been exterminated", then it is true iff you are sincerely asserting
- it; on the other hand, what you are saying is synonymous with "In the
- best of all possible worlds, all Jews will have been exterminated",
- which may or may not be true, independently of your state of mind, iff
- the Jews constitute a pernicious parasite, feeding off the innocent
- Aryan mankind.
-
- J:
- >>>Similar ideas can be found in de Finetti.
-
- MZ:
- >>That's too bad. I had more respect for him.
-
- J:
- >So you have a choice: either abandon your respect for de Finetti,
- >or examine your rejection of the cognitive value of expressivism.
- >
- >(You might also choose to doubt my report, but I will if
- >pressed provide a quotation.)
-
- You are getting too aggressive for your own good. Expressivism, as
- exposed above, sounds like a crock of shit; furthermore, I am resigned
- to the fact that mathematicians make for bad philosophers.
-
- MZ:
- >>>>The speaker's degree of belief surely is a property of the speaker.
-
- J:
- >>>It is. But, according to de Finetti, someone who says "The eternal
- >>>damnation of the heretics has probability .5" does not express
- >>>a proposition about his state of mind, about his degree of belief.
- >>>He rather expresses his degree of belief.
-
- MZ:
- >>This does not sound like communication to me.
-
- J:
- >It does to me.
-
- See above.
-
- J:
- >>>If I utter "Ow! you son of a bitch" when Tom Nagel steps on my
- >>>gouty toe, I have not expressed the proposition that I am in pain,
- >>>but I have expressed my pain.
-
- MZ:
- >>I refer you to Frege's article on thoughts. Your pain is inherently
- >>inexpressible, though propositions about it can be readily expressed.
-
- J:
- >By "I have expressed my pain," I meant that it can be inferred
- >from my having said it that I am in pain. A smile is an expression
- >of happiness. The rolling of eyes is an expression of exasperation.
- >But neither of these facial expressions expresses a proposition.
- >Neither describes anything.
-
- Why not? The expression of a proposition may be described as a
- natural phenomenon, correlated with an expressive intention. In
- either case, a proposition may or may not be expressed, according as
- you do or do not intend to express it.
-
- MZ:
- >>_Au fond_, it is a difference in semantic theory, that generates our
- >>disagreement. Consequently, to the extent that we remain exemplars of
- >>our own semantic views, our difference is bound to stay unresolved.
-
- J:
- >Quite.
-
- So be it.
-
- >Jamie
-
- cordially,
- mikhail zeleny@husc.harvard.edu
- "Le cul des femmes est monotone comme l'esprit des hommes."
-