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- From: PL436000@brownvm.brown.edu (Jamie)
- Newsgroups: sci.philosophy.tech,sci.logic
- Subject: Expression
- Date: Thu, 31 Dec 1992 12:08:20 EST
- Organization: Brown University - Providence, Rhode Island USA
- Lines: 93
- Message-ID: <1hv9efINNgh8@cat.cis.Brown.EDU>
- References: <1hqjglINN52l@cat.cis.Brown.EDU> <1992Dec30.022715.18893@husc3.harvard.edu> <1hsfv0INN2mt@cat.cis.Brown.EDU> <1992Dec31.014356.18909@husc3.harvard.edu>
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-
- >From: zeleny@husc10.harvard.edu (Michael Zeleny)
-
- >>In regular old realist semantics, the semantic value of a predicate
- >>is a property. The predicate contributes that property to propositions
- >>expressed by sentences in which the predicate occurs.
- >
- >Not so fast. In "regular old realist semantics", the semantic value
- >of a predicate is a propositional form, involving at least one
- >property. Remember the Russellian quest for the true logical form of
- >language!
-
- Is that "at least one property" the property which the predicate
- expresses?
-
- >> "To call something rational is to express one's acceptance of norms
- >> that permit it." .... Normative talk is part of nature, but it does
- >> not describe nature. In particular, a person who calls something
- >> rational or irrational is not describing his state of mind; he is
- >> expressing it. To call something rational is not to attribute
- >> some particular property to that thing--not even the property of
- >> being permitted by accepted norms. The analysis is not directly
- >> of what it is for something to *be* rational, but of what it is
- >> for someone to *judge* that something is rational. We explain
- >> the term by saying what state of mind it expresses. In this sense
- >> the analysis is *expressivistic*, and in too big a mouthful, I shall
- >> call it the *norm-expressivistic analysis*.
- >> [Wise Choices, Apt Feelings pp.7-8]
- >> [The quotation marks appear in the original.]
- >>
- >>I hope this is clear enough for present purposes. According to
- >>Gibbard, there is no property of being rational. But "is rational"
- >>is meaningful in that it expresses a special kind of endorsement.
-
- MZ:
- >Well, I find the distinction between describing and expressing
- >*itself* to be bereft of cognitive value. Does this mean that Gibbard
- >is doing expressivist philosophy? Or does it mean that I simply don't
- >care for his brand of vacuous verbigeration? You be the judge.
-
- I don't know what it means. I decline to judge.
-
- I am disappointed that you see no distinction between describing
- and expressing, though. Let me try another example.
-
- If I say, "All Jews should be exterminated," I am expressing
- a hatred for Jews. But I am not describing it. If my statement
- is false, it does not follow that I have described my hatred
- incorrectly.
-
- >J:
- >>Similar ideas can be found in de Finetti.
- >
- >That's too bad. I had more respect for him.
-
- So you have a choice: either abandon your respect for de Finetti,
- or examine your rejection of the cognitive value of expressivism.
-
- (You might also choose to doubt my report, but I will if
- pressed provide a quotation.)
-
- >>>The speaker's degree of belief surely is a property of the speaker.
- >
- >J:
- >>It is. But, according to de Finetti, someone who says "The eternal
- >>damnation of the heretics has probability .5" does not express
- >>a proposition about his state of mind, about his degree of belief.
- >>He rather expresses his degree of belief.
- >
- >This does not sound like communication to me.
-
- It does to me.
-
- >J:
- >>If I utter "Ow! you son of a bitch" when Tom Nagel steps on my
- >>gouty toe, I have not expressed the proposition that I am in pain,
- >>but I have expressed my pain.
- >
- >I refer you to Frege's article on thoughts. Your pain is inherently
- >inexpressible, though propositions about it can be readily expressed.
-
- By "I have expressed my pain," I meant that it can be inferred
- from my having said it that I am in pain. A smile is an expression
- of happiness. The rolling of eyes is an expression of exasperation.
- But neither of these facial expressions expresses a proposition.
- Neither describes anything.
-
- >_Au fond_, it is a difference in semantic theory, that generates our
- >disagreement. Consequently, to the extent that we remain exemplars of
- >our own semantic views, our difference is bound to stay unresolved.
-
- Quite.
-
- Jamie
-