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- Newsgroups: sci.misc
- Path: sparky!uunet!world!fhapgood
- From: fhapgood@world.std.com (Fred Hapgood)
- Subject: subterranean zero g
- Message-ID: <C03G65.L68@world.std.com>
- Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
- Date: Wed, 30 Dec 1992 22:37:16 GMT
- Lines: 59
-
-
- Recently Scientific American ran a short article on 'evacuated
- maglev', or 'e-mag', which means putting trains in a tube,
- evacuating the tube, and then using magnetic levitation to propel
- them.
-
- As rocket pioneer Robert Goddard pointed out in 1909, also in
- Scientific American, the lack of both aerodynamic and mechanical
- friction allows even small rates of acceleration to accumulate to
- very substantial speeds. This makes e-mag the ideal system
- for long-range transportation.
-
- For example, an automobile accelerating at 1 ft/sec/sec would
- require 40 seconds to reach 60 mph. Not many owners would
- tolerate an acceleration this sluggish, but if the car could keep
- going at that rate it would be travelling at 180 mph after three
- minutes, and at 3600 m/h after an hour. A train travelling at
- this acceleration would cover 1 mile in 100 seconds; a hundred
- miles in seventeen minutes; and ten thousand miles in just under
- three hours. It would circle the globe in 4.5 hours. Of course
- faster accelerations are available -- a powerful car accelerates
- at 6 ft/sec^2 -- but there hardly seems to be any point.
-
- An e-mag train would never spend any time running at a constant
- speed -- it would always be either accelerating or decelerating.
- The limits are set by passenger comfort, which presumably are
- symmetrical with regards to forward and backward acceleration, so
- that a train would spend the same amount of time in positive and
- negative acceleration. Since the distance between two ends of a
- terrestrial diameter, as measured on the surface, is about 12,400
- miles, the longest point-to-point run any e-mag train is likely
- to have is 6,200 miles. (It would take 2 hours and fifteen
- minutes to reach this point and pass it at a speed of 5500 m/h.)
- In theory these trains could go a lot faster, but they seem to
- have run out of places to go.
-
- However, given a great circle tube, the train could run around
- the globe repeatedly, building up speed to even higher levels.
- As it approached orbital velocity the passengers would feel
- lighter and lighter, until, after 7.3 hours of steady 1 f/s^2
- acceleration and 67,000 miles of travel the train would attain
- orbital speed -- 18,000 mph. At this point the passengers and
- contents of the train would be in free fail.
-
- In other words, it is perfectly possible in theory to build a
- gravity free environment underground. One can imagine free fall
- theme parks, health spas, movie sets, manufacturing facilities,
- hospital units, and the like. The problem is the upfront costs.
- I guessestimate building a great circle e-mag with contemporary
- technology might cost a trillion dollars. Even if technological
- improvements and advantages of scale bring that cost down by
- *two* orders of magnitude, it is hard to see the facility
- competing with NASA, unless the upfront costs can be offloaded
- onto some other function, like defense.
-
- Free associations invited.
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