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- From: pg@sanitas.stortek.com (Paul Gilmartin)
- Subject: Re: Solstice Question (simple)
- Message-ID: <1992Dec24.161125.22098@stortek.com>
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- Organization: Storage Technology Corp.
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- References: <7460063@hpfcso.FC.HP.COM>
- Date: Thu, 24 Dec 1992 16:11:25 GMT
- Lines: 45
-
- Andy Goris (goris@hpfcso.FC.HP.COM) wrote:
- :
- : I have a simple question for some astronomy guru out there:
- :
- : As everyone knows, winter solstice is the day with the shortest time
- : between sun-rise and sun-set. However, it is neither the day
- : of latest sun-rise nor earlist sun-set. Why is this? ...
- : ... I can't
- : see how our elliptical orbit could cause this effect.
-
- : ... I understand how the earths tilt
- : causes the up-down movement in the figure-8, but what causes the
- : left-right movement, and why does it have a period of twice/year?
-
- OK. Get out your globe and your dividers. Your traditional globe has a
- dotted line circling it, inclined to the equator, and marked with calendar
- dates indicating the position on the earth directly under the sun (always
- with the earth in the same orientation with respect to the remote stars.)
- The sun traverses this circle at nearly a constant rate. However, at its
- northern extreme in June and its southern extreme in December, it's
- crossing meridians of longitude slightly closer together than at
- the equator, so its eastward movement is faster than average. On the
- other hand, when the sun crosses the equator in March and September, it's
- crossing meridians that are farther apart, and it's crossing them at
- an angle rather than moving directly between them, so its effective
- eastward motion is slower than average.
-
- The eccentricity of the earth's orbit does have an effect. In January,
- the earth is the apparent eastward speed of the sun, and makes the
- bottom of the figute-8 fatter than the top.
-
- : 1. If you live on the equator, is the length of the day always ~12 hours?
-
- How exact do you mean by "~"? Because of the effects discussed above, in
- June and December the day and night are _both_ >12 hours; in March and
- September the day and night are _both_ <12 hours. On any given date, the
- day and night are very nearly equal.
-
- : 2. If you live on the equator, do you really get effectively two
- : summers (when the sun is highest in the sky), that occur on the
- : two equinoxes?
-
- Certainly, as far as position of the sun. I don't know how noticeably
- this might affect the weather. Has anyone out there in Quito or Nairobi
- or Singapore noticed whether it's been chilly this month? :-)
-