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- Path: sparky!uunet!wupost!psuvax1!psuvm!auvm!COOMBS.ANU.EDU.AU!LULU
- Message-ID: <9212230147.AA21795@coombs.anu.edu.au>
- Newsgroups: bit.listserv.seasia-l
- Date: Wed, 23 Dec 1992 12:47:12 +1100
- Sender: Southeast Asia Discussion List <SEASIA-L@MSU.BITNET>
- From: lulu@COOMBS.ANU.EDU.AU
- Subject: PH: 1992 news roundup
- Lines: 106
-
- [accessed from soc.culture.filipino]
-
- USENET N System: Phil 1992 Yearender
- 21 Dec 92 17:02
- MANILA, Philippines (UPI) -- After a year laying the groundwork for
- sustained growth, the Philippines enters 1993 challenged with turning
- ambitious plans into progress and brave promises into better lives for its
- people.
-
- In 1992 the country held its first free presidential election in a
- generation. It bade goodbye to nearly a century of U.S. military presence,
- furthered peace efforts with its three armed insurgent groups and
- strengthened crucial economic reforms.
-
- But rampant crime and corruption, a chronic power shortage and numbing
- poverty threaten to derail what could be the most promising period for the
- country in years.
-
- Much of the hope that the Philippines can end years of social and economic
- decline lies with President Fidel Ramos, a former defense chief who
- narrowly won a peaceful, seven-way election in May.
-
- Although by no means a dynamic leader, Ramos is seen as an improvement over
- his well-meaning but often ineffective predecessor, Corazon Aquino.
-
- In his inaugural speech he promised swift, decisive action to put the
- Philippines on the path to the economic success enjoyed by its Southeast
- Asian neighbors.
-
- ``This nation will prevail and it will be prosperous again because we will
- haul it together,'' he vowed, his 30-minute address interrupted more than
- two dozen times by applause.
-
- Ramos has unveiled initiatives designed to bolster a fledgling economic
- recovery and increase social stability in a country that suffered seven
- coup attempts during Aquino's six-year term.
-
- They have met some success.
-
- Despite continued violent crime, highlighted by a rash of kidnappings
- mainly against ethnic Chinese executives, stability is growing. Government
- peace efforts with the country's three insurgencies -- communist rebels,
- right-wing military renegades and Muslim separatists -- are making slow but
- steady progress.
-
- Foreign investment was up 33 percent to $693 million for the first eight
- months of the year. The national economy, which shrank slightly in 1991,
- was expected to end 1992 with growth of 1.2 percent.
-
- But if the Philippines is going to haul itself together, it will have to do
- so with diminishing support from Washington. Ties between Manila and its
- former colonial ruler and one-time major source of aid and support in
- international bodies have waned with pullout of U.S. troops from the
- country.
-
- The last 1,400 U.S. troops trickled out of Subic Bay Naval Base Nov. 24,
- some 94 years after Washington seized the Philippines from Spain and 46
- years after it granted independence to its only colony.
-
- After the Philippine Senate's rejection of a 10-year U.S. lease on Subic in
- 1991, American officials said aid and the two countries' traditional close
- relations would be curtailed.
-
- Washington in 1992 was increasingly strident in calling for Manila to trim
- its $1.2 billion trade surplus with America and improve protection for U.S.
- intellectual property rights.
-
- Some Filipinos saw ordering the Americans out as throwing off the last
- remnants of the colonial yoke. But the costs, at least in the short term,
- were heavy: The Philippines lost about 4 percent of its $46 billion gross
- national product and 35,000-on base jobs.
-
- Manila has ambitious plans to turn the sprawling Subic Bay complex into a
- Hong Kong-style free port and transshipment center. With a deep harbor and
- $8 billion in infrastructure, including an air station, port and dozens of
- modern office units, Subic certainly has potential.
-
- The government says 400 companies expressed interest in setting up shop
- there, but delays have frustrated many and only a handful of small firms
- have made commitments.
-
- One of the best attractions of Subic is a 26-megawatt generator giving it a
- steady supply of power -- something the rest of the country lacks.
-
- Blackouts inflicted by a chronic power shortage cost the Philippines at
- least $1 billion and 400,000 jobs during 1992, according to World Bank
- estimates.
-
- With a number of small power projects in the works, the state-run National
- Power Corp. says the country should suffer blackouts of only one to three
- hours daily in 1993 if all facilities are up and running. This is unlikely.
- Most power plants the Philippines has are old and in bad repair. Six- to
- eight-hour outages caused by breakdowns are common.
-
- While the beginning of an economic recovery is helping the wealthy few,
- poverty for the masses is getting worse. One in 10 people is unemployed and
- at least 35 percent of the population in greater Manila alone live in
- makeshift shanties or on the street.
-
- Meanwhile, much of the country concentrates on sideshows, such as hoping
- the billions of dollars allegedly looted by the late dictator Ferdinand
- Marcos during his 20-year rule somehow would be returned.
-
- During 1992 the government fought court battles and conducted on-and- off
- negotiations over the alleged wealth with Marcos's widow, Imelda, but to no
- avail.
-