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- Xref: sparky alt.rush-limbaugh:12387 talk.politics.space:1631 sci.space:18357
- Newsgroups: alt.rush-limbaugh,talk.politics.space,sci.space
- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU!CSD-NewsHost!jmc
- From: jmc@SAIL.Stanford.EDU (John McCarthy)
- Subject: Re: Justification for the Space Program
- In-Reply-To: dietz@cs.rochester.edu's message of 29 Dec 92 16:48:27 GMT
- Message-ID: <JMC.92Dec29100222@SAIL.Stanford.EDU>
- Sender: news@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU
- Reply-To: jmc@cs.Stanford.EDU
- Organization: Computer Science Department, Stanford University
- References: <1992Dec23.110509.22141@ke4zv.uucp> <1hobsgINN3b1@agate.berkeley.edu>
- <JMC.92Dec28192905@SAIL.Stanford.EDU>
- <1992Dec29.164827.13239@cs.rochester.edu>
- Distribution: usa
- Date: 29 Dec 92 10:02:22
- Lines: 48
-
- In article <1992Dec29.164827.13239@cs.rochester.edu> dietz@cs.rochester.edu (Paul Dietz) writes:
- References: <1992Dec23.110509.22141@ke4zv.uucp> <1hobsgINN3b1@agate.berkeley.edu> <JMC.92Dec28192905@SAIL.Stanford.EDU>
- Distribution: usa
- Organization: University of Rochester
- Lines: 29
-
- In article <JMC.92Dec28192905@SAIL.Stanford.EDU> jmc@cs.Stanford.EDU writes:
-
- > Let me add to the previous post the estimate that the total amount of
- > matter humanity has processed in its history is less than 10^12 tons.
-
- Some interesting facts:
-
- Estimated mass of manganese nodules on the ocean floors: ~ 10^12 tons.
-
- Average concentration of metals in nodules (percent)
-
- Element World Average Pacific Clarion-Clipperton Zone
- --------------------------------------------------------------
- Mn 18.6 25.4
- Fe 12.47 6.66
- Ni .66 1.27
- Cu .45 (not listed, > .45)
- Co .27 1.02
-
-
- World-wide, nodules are estimated to contain billions of tons of
- copper and nickel, and enough manganese to supply current mine demand
- for that element for roughly 10,000 years. Additional sources of
- metals (such as copper and cobalt) are available as crusts on the sea
- floor, and in massive sulfides deposited at mid-ocean ridges and then
- carried away by plate motion.
-
- Paul F. Dietz
- dietz@cs.rochester.edu
-
- Once we could dream that Howard Hughes had a project to harvest these
- nodules. Alas, it was only the CIA fishing for a Soviet submarine.
- Apparently, one thing that prevents harvesting them is that lots
- of countries want to regard them as common property and want to be
- paid off by whoever actually does the harvesting. Probably the main
- reason why they aren't harvested is that there is no shortage of
- metal ores at present.
- --
- John McCarthy, Computer Science Department, Stanford, CA 94305
- *
- He who refuses to do arithmetic is doomed to talk nonsense.
-
-