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- Path: sparky!uunet!news.claremont.edu!nntp-server.caltech.edu!SOL1.GPS.CALTECH.EDU!CARL
- From: carl@SOL1.GPS.CALTECH.EDU (Carl J Lydick)
- Newsgroups: alt.folklore.science
- Subject: Re: Two high tides (Was: Full moon and tides)
- Date: 24 Dec 1992 18:59:01 GMT
- Organization: HST Wide Field/Planetary Camera
- Lines: 64
- Distribution: world
- Message-ID: <1hd19lINNnci@gap.caltech.edu>
- References: <scottj-211292091243@iamac-1.dml.georgetown.edu>
- Reply-To: carl@SOL1.GPS.CALTECH.EDU
- NNTP-Posting-Host: sol1.gps.caltech.edu
-
- In article <scottj-211292091243@iamac-1.dml.georgetown.edu>, scottj@magic.dml.georgetown.edu (John L. Scott) writes:
- >The high tide facing the moon is, of course, explained by the gravitational
- >pull of the moon. However, there have been at least two explanations for
- >the high tide on the opposite side of the earth:
- >
- > A. The moon stretches the earth
- > B. Centrifugal pseudo-force
- >
- >So... which is it, A, B, both, or neither?
-
- Both. By definition, a tide is caused by the moon stretching the Earth (it'd
- be pretty hard to tell there was a tide if there were no stretching, no?).
- Now, the Earth is always accelerated toward the moon by the gravitational force
- of the moon. The average acceleration is equal to that felt by the center of
- gravity of the Earth. However, since gravitational force goes as 1/r^2, the
- part of the Earth nearer the moon feels a larger acceleration (causing a bulge
- toward the moon) and the part further from the moon feels a smaller
- acceleration (causing a bulge away from the moon). If you call the distance
- from the center of the moon to the center of the Earth R the radius of the
- Earth r, and the mass of the moon M, then the side near the moon feels an
- acceleration of:
-
- GM
- -------
- (R-r)^2
-
- the center of the Earth feels an acceleration of
-
- GM
- ---
- R^2
-
- and the side furthest from the moon feels an acceleration of
-
- GM
- -------
- (R-r)^2
-
- Since the Earth is held together by its own gravity, the whole Earth is
- accelerated at the same rate.
-
- This means that the side of the Earth closest to the moon feels an acceleration
- from the moon, RELATIVE TO THE REST OF THE EARTH, of
-
- GM GM (2Rr - r^2)GM 2rGM
- ------ - --- = ------------- ~= ----
- (R-r)^2 R^2 (R-r)^2*R^2 R^3
-
- while the side furthest from the moon feels a relative acceleration of
-
- GM GM (-2Rr - r^2)GM -2rGM
- ------ - --- = -------------- ~= -----
- (R+r)^2 R^2 (R+r)^2*R^2 R^3
-
- These relative accelerations are tides, and, to a first order approximation,
- you get equal bulges on both sides.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Carl J Lydick | INTERnet: CARL@SOL1.GPS.CALTECH.EDU | NSI/HEPnet: SOL1::CARL
-
- Disclaimer: Hey, I understand VAXen and VMS. That's what I get paid for. My
- understanding of astronomy is purely at the amateur level (or below). So
- unless what I'm saying is directly related to VAX/VMS, don't hold me or my
- organization responsible for it. If it IS related to VAX/VMS, you can try to
- hold me responsible for it, but my organization had nothing to do with it.
-