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- Newsgroups: talk.origins
- Path: sparky!uunet!snorkelwacker.mit.edu!galois!riesz!tycchow
- From: tycchow@riesz.mit.edu (Timothy Y. Chow)
- Subject: Abiogenesis of multicellular organisms
- Message-ID: <1992Nov18.033140.23517@galois.mit.edu>
- Sender: news@galois.mit.edu
- Nntp-Posting-Host: riesz
- Organization: None. This saves me from writing a disclaimer.
- Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 03:31:40 GMT
- Lines: 75
-
- Here's something that I don't understand very well, and haven't been able to
- find discussed in any detail anywhere. Consider an organism that
-
- 1. Does not exist today but whose fossils do exist;
- 2. Appears "suddenly" in the fossil record;
- 3. Is the only representative of its phylum in the fossil record;
- 4. Is macroscopic.
-
- I don't know of any examples offhand, but I'm sure they exist. Call this
- organism the Lone Wolf. Consider now:
-
- (*) The Lone Wolf arose from non-living matter by some unknown
- (naturalistic, non-teleological, etc.) process.
-
- Nobody believes (*). My question is, why not? Possible dialogue between
- Imaginary Antagonist and me follows.
-
- IA: Unless you provide a mechanism, (*) is just vague hand-waving, almost
- meaningless.
- ME: But nobody knows of a mechanism for abiogenesis, yet many believe
- the corresponding statement (*) for the first living organism. If we
- know that there exists *some* mechanism for abiogenesis, but we don't
- know what it is, what is to stop this mechanism from generating the
- Lone Wolf?
- IA: We have to postulate at least one instance of abiogenesis, but after
- that we can explain the appearance of the Lone Wolf by evolution. Thus
- there is no need to postulate additional cases of abiogenesis.
- ME: So the reason people don't believe (*) is simply out of Occam's Razor
- or a similar parsimony principle? Do you mean that there is no evidence
- against (*) but that we disbelieve it on aesthetic grounds alone? This
- seems to be an arbitrary, subjective reason for dismissing (*).
- IA: No, there *is* evidence for common ancestry of all organisms, at least
- all multicellular organisms.
- ME: But don't these arguments for common ancestry rely on comparative
- genetics or comparative anatomy or biogeography? We have no genetic
- data on the Lone Wolf, and there aren't any organisms similar enough
- to it to make a convincing case for common ancestry, especially given
- its "sudden" appearance in the fossil record.
- IA: Well, it's possible that there was another act of abiogenesis that
- gave rise to a line of descent that resulted in the Lone Wolf, and
- that we have lost all record of the Lone Wolf's predecessors. I'll
- grant you that much.
- ME: O.K., but why won't you grant me (*) flat out? Is it simply because
- the Lone Wolf is macroscopic or multicellular that its abiogenesis
- seems implausible? But even single-celled organisms are incredibly
- complex and their abiogenesis defies all our attempts at plausible
- explanation. If we can stomach that, why can't we stomach the
- abiogenesis of the Lone Wolf? Are we back to parsimony and subjective
- feelings again?
- IA: This whole discussion is just philosophical nonsense. Until you flesh
- out your theory to the point where it has testable predictions, there
- is no reason for scientists to take you seriously.
- ME: I can see your point. Do you think that it's worth much effort to
- think hard to derive some testable consequences of (*)?
- IA: Frankly, no. I think macroevolution provides a satisfactory explanation
- of all existing life, given one act of abiogenesis.
- ME: Is it really satisfactory? According to your view, the Lone Wolf arose
- from some single-celled organism through some line of descent involving
- unknown sequences of changes. How is this more satisfactory than saying
- that the Lone Wolf arose from non-living matter through a sequence of
- unknown physical/chemical processes?
- IA: Look, isn't it much more plausible that the Lone Wolf arose from some
- other organism similar to it than from non-living matter?
- ME: It certainly seems more plausible, but that's probably just a subjective
- feeling that I get because all organisms I see come from other organisms.
- But again, once we grant that abiogenesis has occurred, however
- implausible it may seem, why can we not grant (*)? We seem to be going
- in circles again.
-
- I would appreciate it if someone clears up this confusion for me.
- --
- Tim Chow tycchow@math.mit.edu
- Where a calculator on the ENIAC is equipped with 18,000 vacuum tubes and weighs
- 30 tons, computers in the future may have only 1,000 vacuum tubes and weigh
- only 1 1/2 tons. ---Popular Mechanics, March 1949
-