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- From: abian@iastate.edu (Alexander Abian)
- Subject: TIME HAS INERTIA . Att: PRATT and BUDNIK - AXIOM OF CHOICE
- Message-ID: <abian.722147824@pv343f.vincent.iastate.edu>
- Summary: ABIAN GIVES SET-THEORETICAL MODELS WITH AND WITHOUT AXIOM OF CHOICE
- Keywords: Set-theoretical Models, AXIOM OF CHOICE
- Sender: news@news.iastate.edu (USENET News System)
- Organization: Iowa State University, Ames IA
- Date: Thu, 19 Nov 1992 04:37:04 GMT
- Lines: 73
-
- 11-18-92
-
- Dear Messrs PRATT and BUDNIK,
-
- I will give you a set-theoretical model S in which the Axiom of Choice
- is valid and I will give you a set-theoretical model K in which the Axiom
- of Choice is not valid. Of course these are not models for ZF set-
- theory. But S as well as K are set-theoretical models for very, very,
- very modest and weak set-theories:
-
- We denote by {a, b, ...} a set whose elements are a, b, ...
-
- The set-theoretical model S has only the following sets:
-
- { } empty set denoted by 0, {0}, {{0}}, {0,{0}}, {{0},{{0}}}
-
-
-
- AXIOM OF CHOICE STATES: A nonempty set whose elements are pairwise
- disjoint nonempty sets has a CHOICE SET.
-
-
- THEOREM. In set-theoretical model S the Axiom of Choice is valid.
-
- PROOF. It suffices to show that the sets {{0}} and {{0},{{0}}}
- of model S have Choice sets.
-
- Clearly, {0} is a Choice set of {{0}} and
-
- {0, {0}} is a Choice set of {{0}, {{0}}}
-
- and both of them are sets of S.
-
-
- Next, I introduce the set-theoretical model K.
-
- Using notations introduced above,
-
- The set-theoretical model K has only the following sets:
-
- 0, {0}, {{0}}, {{0}, {{0}}}
-
-
- THEOREM. In set-theoretical model K the Axiom of Choice fails.
-
- PROOF. The set {{0}}, {{0}}} fails to have a Choice set in the model K.
-
- (because the only candidate for its Choice set is {0,{0}} which is
- not a set of K)
-
-
-
- P.S. Although S and K are set-theoretical models for extremely,
- extremely, extremely week set-theories, nevertheless my exposi-
- tion exhibits, presents and clarifies the crux of the matter,
- and dispels the myth surrounding the Axiom of Choice.
- Of course, to construct a model which supplies all the sets
- required by Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms and where AC is not vlid
- is a monumental task and needs extremely skillful and ingenious
- construction, which was done by P.J.Cohen who is at Stanford,
- where, Mr. Pratt you are too. Cohen (being a true genius) must agree
- that my models convey the gist of the gist of the matter. Ask him!.
-
- There may be some typos - it is around midnight and I am emotionally
- exhausted, and cannot proof-read.
-
- With best wishes and regards,
- Alexander ABIAN
- --
- The tendency of maintaining the status-quo, Reaction to provocation and
- The tendency of maintaining again a status-quo.
- TIME HAS INERTIA and some energy is lost to move Time forward
- E = mcc (Einstein) must be replaced by E = m(0) exp(-At) (Abian)
-