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- From: hannegan@hyperion.gsfc.nasa.gov (Bryan Hannegan)
- Subject: Re: Ozone (A few questions I would like answered.)
- Message-ID: <1992Nov15.232818.7616@nsisrv.gsfc.nasa.gov>
- Sender: usenet@nsisrv.gsfc.nasa.gov (Usenet)
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- Organization: Code 916, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
- References: <Bxqy4z.KJu@ucunix.san.uc.edu>
- Date: Sun, 15 Nov 1992 23:28:18 GMT
- Lines: 55
-
- In article <Bxqy4z.KJu@ucunix.san.uc.edu> klasmekj@ucunix.san.uc.edu (Kevin J. Klasmeier) writes:
- >1) What is the major source of chlorine into the atmosphere?
- > I have heard that Clorine from the seawater is hands down #1.
-
- One might think so, but as Carl put it, it's the chlorine that makes it into
- the stratosphere that's important for stratospheric ozone considerations.
- This means that chemicals containing chlorine have to be extremely stable to
- survive the troposphere, or they have to arrive in the stratosphere quite
- quickly. CFCs are the primary source via diffusion, volcanoes run a distant
- second in terms of direct injection (REALLY distant).
-
- >
- >2) Is the formation of ozone (in the atmosphere) responsible for the
- >actual absorption of UV light, or is it the breaking apart of ozone from
- >UV light, or is it both (or neither?)?
- >
- Both. The formation of singlet oxygen requires dissociation of oxygen gas (O2)
- which involves the absorption of UV in the 180-240 nanometer range. These
- singlet oxygen (O) then combine with other oxygen gas (O2) to make ozone.
- The destruction of ozone occurs when O3 absorbs UV in the 200-320 nanometer
- range, disassociating into the oxygen gas and the singlet oxygen. Note that
- the UV light absorption only occurs when no other chemicals interfere.
- (from UNEP Programme Report #2, "The Ozone Layer", 1987)
-
- >3) Aprox. what percentage of Chlorine to humans omit into the
- >atmosphere, and aprox. what percentage does nature itself omit into the
- >atmosphere?
- >
- Again, I must agree with Carl, and say that it is the percentage that gets into
- the stratosphere that is the issue. Current research is being undertaken to
- assist in our understanding of the chlorine cycle, but to my knowledge there
- is no definitive stats yet. (Anyone?)
-
- >4) How long has there been an ozone hole, or do we really know?
-
- According to the scientific community, only since 1985, when the British
- Antarctic Survey paper published by Farman, et al. (citation on request)
- came out. (This is assuming that one only thinks of facts after they are
- published, not after the research begins....)
- However, inconclusive data hinting at the existence of such an
- occurrence had been gathered since the mid-70's. Whether there has been a
- similar set of occurrences in the (geologic) past hasn't been looked into.
-
- >I am intrested in ozone depletion. I am not sure, however, if there is a
- >problem or not, I have read some pretty powerful evidence on both sides
- >and would like to draw a conclusion based on all known facts.
- >
- A twenty-five page research paper, and a summer at Goddard in the Atmospheric
- Chemistry and Dynamics branch (home of TOMS) convinced me quite nicely.
-
- Bryan Hannegan
- Dept. of Geosciences, University of California, Irvine
- hannegan@halo.ps.uci.edu
-
-
-