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- Newsgroups: rec.gambling
- Path: sparky!uunet!walter!heinlein!pbf
- From: pbf@inoms.bellcore.com (Phil Franklin)
- Subject: Re: Not the Monty Haul problem
- Message-ID: <1992Nov20.195729.21656@walter.bellcore.com>
- Sender: news@walter.bellcore.com
- Nntp-Posting-Host: heinlein.inoms.bellcore.com
- Organization: Bellcore
- References: <JEFFT.92Nov20120648@w20-575-81.mit.edu>
- Distribution: rec
- Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 19:57:29 GMT
- Lines: 42
-
- In article <JEFFT.92Nov20120648@w20-575-81.mit.edu>, jefft@athena.mit.edu (Jeff Tang) writes:
- |>
- |> Something that's been bugging me.
- |>
- |>
- |> Question:
- |>
- |> You're given two envelopes and told that the contents are determined
- |> randomly, except that one has twice as much money as the other. You open
- |> one envelope and find 1 unit. Now, you're given the opportunity to either
- |> take the unit you found, or give it up and take the contents of the other
- |> envelope. What do you do?
- |>
- |> Answer 1:
- |> Well, since there wasn't really any information revealed by opening the
- |> envelope, switching to the other envelope wouldn't be any different than
- |> choosing that envelope in the first place. Therefore, it doesn't matter if
- |> you switch.
- |>
- |> Answer 2:
- |> Well, the other envelope has either .5 or 2 units. Since there's a 50%
- |> chance of each of these, you'll come out with 1.25 units on average as
- |> opposed to sticking with the single unit, so you should switch.
- |>
- |>
- |> What's wrong with one (or both) of these answers?
-
- What's wrong with these answers is that they don't take into account
- the chooser's utility value for dollars. The one thing that opening
- that first envelope does for the chooser is to define the parameters
- of the choice in the range of .5 - 2 units. For instance, suppose the
- chooser is an average college student, and the unit is $1. The
- difference between $2, $1, and 50 cents is probably not enough to keep
- the chooser from risking 50 cents on the chance for an extra dollar.
- If, on the other hand, the unit is ten thousand dollars, The chooser
- may not be willing to risk $5,000 on the chance of $10,000 more. And
- if we take it even further and make the unit $10,000,000, then the
- chooser may say, "The worst I can do is $5,000,000, so let's take a
- chance."
-
- In other words, there's no objective "right" choice -- every person has
- their own utility function which defines the right choice for them.
-