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- Newsgroups: comp.unix.bsd
- Path: sparky!uunet!mcsun!sunic!aun.uninett.no!nuug!nntp.uio.no!bootes.sds.no!toreh
- From: toreh@bootes.sds.no (Tore Haraldsen)
- Subject: Re: 386BSD: /bin -> /usr/bin reorganization
- Message-ID: <1992Nov20.030832.7666@ulrik.uio.no>
- Sender: news@ulrik.uio.no (Mr News)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: 192.68.77.217
- Organization: Statens Datasentral A/S, SDS, Norway
- References: <1992Nov18.064604.2992@pool.info.sunyit.edu> <CGD.92Nov18155017@eden.CS.Berkeley.EDU> <DERAADT.92Nov19133341@newt.newt.cuc.ab.ca>
- Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 03:08:32 GMT
- Lines: 92
-
- In article <DERAADT.92Nov19133341@newt.newt.cuc.ab.ca> deraadt@newt.cuc.ab.ca (Theo de Raadt) writes:
- >In article <CGD.92Nov18155017@eden.CS.Berkeley.EDU> cgd@eden.CS.Berkeley.EDU (Chris G. Demetriou) writes:
- > In article <DERAADT.92Nov17041728@newt.newt.cuc.ab.ca> deraadt@newt.cuc.ab.ca (Theo de Raadt) writes:
- > >Among a large number of other Sunifications I have made to my 386BSD
- > >system, I've made this one:
- > >
- > >lrwxr-xr-x 1 root 8 Oct 24 21:05 bin@ -> /usr/bin
- > >
- >
- > there are problems with this: notably, straight bsd systems
- > aren't "meant" to mount /usr when they're brought up into single user
- > mode.
- >
- > i assume you're running with / and /usr physically residing in the same
- > partition. otherwise, i don't see how this could work -- sh is in
- > /bin, so you couldn't even run /etc/rc, if / and /usr were in different
- > partitions.
- >Did you not finish reading my posting?? I mentioned that 'init' needed to
- >be fixed, and even gave the output from 'df'
- >
- > I think any Sun admin who saw you running with / and /usr in the same
- > partition would die laughing.
- >It's exactly because the default setup has / and /usr in the same partition
- >that I nearly THREW UP and I sat down and fixed that IMMEDIATELY.
- >
- > there are many more changes which are necessary to move stuff
- > from /bin into /usr/bin, and make it 'stick' properly.
- >
- >I believe I made it quite clear in my previous posting that / and /usr
- >are in seperate postings. I copied all the binaries that I absolutely
- >needed into /sbin. That is essentially what Sun did as well.
- >
- >I know what is going on. A sun machine needs / and /usr both to run single
- >user. It does mount /usr as read-only, but it needs some of the binaries
- >there. They place only about 6 programs in /sbin (hostname, ifconfig, init,
- >mount, sh, and one called intr). I found that I needed a bunch more in
- >/sbin -- every program that /etc/rc ever needs.
- >
- >And, I had to modify init.c so that init would know to look for sh and
- >fsck in /sbin instead of /bin.
- >
- >Really, it is working, and you can tell because my root partition is
- >using LESS than 15M of disk while my /usr is enormous.
- >
- >Filesystem 512-blks used avail capacity Mounted on
- >/dev/wd0a 62462 11490 44724 20% /
- >/dev/wd0g 187742 153470 15496 91% /usr
- >
- >It *DOES* work.
- > <tdr.
- >--
- >
- >This space not left unintentionally unblank. deraadt@newt.cuc.ab.ca
-
- I split out /usr in its own partition two months ago WITHOUT moving any
- programs around. It works fine, as far as I can see.
-
- I have two 300Mb SCSI disks in my home machine,
-
- sd0 contains
- MS-DOS, 386bsd / & swap, SCO ODT 2.0 / partitions.
-
- sd1 contains
- MS-DOS, 386bsd /usr, SCO ODT 2.0 /u partitions.
-
- What is so strange or wonderful about that? The only pain in the ass
- was setting it up initially. I did the following (courtesy the
- limitations in 386bsd install & disklabel programs):
-
- 1) Install 386bsd in minimum partition on sd0.
- 2) Swap SCSI numbers.
- 3) Install 386bsd in reasonably-sized partition on sd1(sd0).
- 4) Swap SCSI numbers back.
- 5) Boot from fixit.fs.
- 6) Remove all files from sd1a.
- 7) Move all of sd0a/usr to sd1a/ with cpio -p.
- 8) Remove sd0a/usr.
- 9) Save remaining files from sd0a/ on sd1a/ with cpio -o.
- 10)Redesign label of sd0 with disklabel, keep 16Mb for root, leave the
- rest for swapping.
- 11)Re-create sd0a/
- 12)Move contents back to sd0a from saved stuff on sd1a.
- 13)Modify sd0a/etc/fstab to reflect partitioning.
- 14)Reboot - that's it!!
-
- You do the same with two WD-type drives with no sweat.
-
- -- tore
- --
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Tore Haraldsen, Statens Datasentral A/S - SDS, Norway
- email: toreh@bootes.sds.no
-