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- Path: sparky!uunet!utcsri!orasis.vis.toronto.edu!liuyh
- Newsgroups: alt.war
- From: liuyh@vis.toronto.edu (Yuanhui Liu)
- Subject: Re: Great Wall of China
- Message-ID: <92Nov20.165422est.207@orasis.vis.toronto.edu>
- Organization: Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto
- References: <1992Nov19.022250.15553@news.columbia.edu> <1992Nov19.031316.19221@alf.uib.no>
- Date: 20 Nov 92 21:54:31 GMT
- Lines: 50
-
- In article <1992Nov19.031316.19221@alf.uib.no> magnus@ii.uib.no writes:
- >> The Great Wall
- >
- >I think it was quite effective because the mongols used horses
- >extensively. It's pretty hard to get a horse across one of these
- >walls. Well, we all know the mongols won, so it didn't work. :-)
- >
- The current great wall, was re-built during the early years of the
- Ming Dynasty(1368-1644), they were the guys who kicked out the Mongolian
- Yuan Dynasty, so "mongols won" is a partially incorrect statement,
- before that the Mongols conquered northern china from Jing(early Manchurians),
- which was also partially nomad, and during that time the Great wall
- was pretty ran down, since it was originally built in 2nd century BC,
- and never had any large scale rebuilding, and it's not one great wall,
- it was discontinous at some places.
-
- Ming dynasty rebuilt the great wlll with special bricks & stoneso keep out
- the Mongol remanants, which was successful(it's also due to the
- the Mongols were pretty devastated after their crushing defeat in China)
- until Mongols rose again a century later, and one of more stupid
- eunch-trusting Ming Emperor(Ying Zong) ad the nerve led the army against
- the invading mongols himself(I guess he thought it's a hunting expedition
- or something) nd get himself captured easily by the Mongol Khan. and one
- again the Mongol main force was inside the great wall, for a while surrounding
- Beijing(his excuse is: "escorting the Emperor to his rightful Throne"),
- lucky for China those who left in the captiol had some brains and
- installed his brother as Emperor, used lots of Cannon(which devastated
- the mongolian cavalary), and called in troops from the provinces to fend
- mongols off. But the Mongol khan was smart, instead killing or asking a
- ransom for the Chinese Emperor, he released him, let them go back so the
- Chinese Empire once again engaged court politics and ignore the borders
- problems, the brothers had coup-d'etats and counter coups, the ex-POW
- Emperor wound up regain the throne and ousted his brother, and from then on
- the Mongols remains to be a big threat, but overall the Great wall
- was useful. When Qing Dynasty was replacing Ming, they had the Ming
- territories northeast of great wall for decades, but unable to
- invade south of the Great Wall, even with their alliance with
- the Mongols. Not until domestic rebels sacked Beijing in 1644
- and the Ming Emperor committed suicide, the Ming commander
- at Shan-Hai pass at the east end of the Great Wall surrendered
- and allied himself with Qing Manchurians, Qing started to invade
- south of the Great Wall and took over China.
-
- Overall, the Great Wall itself was quite useful, but the problem is
- no matter how the defense looks fomidable, it really depends on
- the people who's defending & attacking it.
-
- >-Magnus
-
-
-