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<TITLE>B<Class::MethodMaker> - a module for creating generic methods</TITLE>
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<STRONG><P CLASS=block> B<Class::MethodMaker> - a module for creating generic methods</P></STRONG>
</TD></TR>
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<A NAME="__index__"></A>
<!-- INDEX BEGIN -->
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#name">NAME</A></LI><LI><A HREF="#supportedplatforms">SUPPORTED PLATFORMS</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#synopsis">SYNOPSIS</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#description">DESCRIPTION</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#supported method types">SUPPORTED METHOD TYPES</A></LI>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#new">new</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#new_with_init">new_with_init</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#new_hash_init">new_hash_init</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#get_set">get_set</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#get_concat">get_concat</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#grouped_fields">grouped_fields</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#object">object</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#boolean">boolean</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#struct">struct</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#listed_attrib">listed_attrib</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#key_attrib">key_attrib</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#key_with_create">key_with_create</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#list">list</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#hash">hash</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#code">code</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#method">method</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#interface">interface</A></LI>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#addding new method types">ADDDING NEW METHOD TYPES</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="#version">VERSION</A></LI>
</UL>
<!-- INDEX END -->
<HR>
<P>
<H1><A NAME="name">NAME</A></H1>
<P><STRONG>Class::MethodMaker</STRONG> - a module for creating generic methods</P>
<P>
<HR>
<H1><A NAME="supportedplatforms">SUPPORTED PLATFORMS</A></H1>
<UL>
<LI>Linux</LI>
<LI>Solaris</LI>
<LI>Windows</LI>
</UL>
<HR>
<H1><A NAME="synopsis">SYNOPSIS</A></H1>
<P>use Class::MethodMaker
new_with_init => 'new',
get_set => [ qw /foo bar baz / ];</P>
<P>
<HR>
<H1><A NAME="description">DESCRIPTION</A></H1>
<P>This module solves the problem of having to write a bazillion get/set
methods that are all the same. The argument to 'use' is a hash whose keys
are the names of types of generic methods generated by MethodMaker and
whose values tell method maker what methods to make. (More precisely, the
keys are the names of MethodMaker methods (methods that write methods)
and the values are the arguments to those methods.</P>
<P>
<HR>
<H1><A NAME="supported method types">SUPPORTED METHOD TYPES</A></H1>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="new">new</A></H2>
<P>Creates a basic constructor.</P>
<P>Takes a single string or a reference to an array of strings as its
argument. For each string creates a method of the form:</P>
<PRE>
sub <string> {
my ($class, @args) = @_;
my $self = {};
bless $self, $class;
}</PRE>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="new_with_init">new_with_init</A></H2>
<P>Creates a basic constructor which calls a method named init after
instatiating the object. The <EM>init</EM>() method should be defined in the class
using MethodMaker.</P>
<P>Takes a single string or a reference to an array of strings as its
argument. For each string creates a method of the form listed below.</P>
<PRE>
sub <string> {
my ($class, @args) = @_;
my $self = {};
bless $self, $class;
$self->init(@args);
$self;
}</PRE>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="new_hash_init">new_hash_init</A></H2>
<P>Creates a basic constructor which accepts a hash of slot-name/value pairs
with which to initialize the object. The slot-names are interpreted as
the names of methods that can be called on the object after it is created
and the values are the arguments to be passed to those methods.</P>
<P>Takes a single string or a reference to an array of strings as its
argument. For each string creates a method of the form listed below. Note
that this method can be called on an existing objec, which allows it to
be combined with new_with_init (see above) to provide some default
values. (Basically, declare a new_with_init method, say 'new' and a
new_hash_init method, for example, 'hash_init' and then in the init
method, you can call modify or add to the %args hash and then call
hash_init.)</P>
<PRE>
sub <string> {
my ($class, %args) = @_;
my $self = {};
bless $self, $class;
foreach (keys %args) {
$self->$_($args{$_});
}
$self;
}</PRE>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="get_set">get_set</A></H2>
<P>Takes a single string or a reference to an array of strings as its
argument. For each string, x creates two methods:</P>
<PRE>
sub x {
my ($self, $new) = @_;
defined $new and $self->{$name} = $new;
$self->{$name};
}</PRE>
<PRE>
sub clear_x
my ($self) = @_;
$self->{$name} = undef;
}</PRE>
<P>This is your basic get/set method, and can be used for slots containing
any scalar value, including references to non-scalar data. Note, however,
that MethodMaker has meta-methods that define more useful sets of methods
for slots containing references to lists, hashes, and objects.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="get_concat">get_concat</A></H2>
<P>Like get_set except sets don't clear out the original value, but instead
concatenate the new value to the existing one. Thus these slots are only
good for plain scalars. Also, like get_set, defines clear_foo method.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="grouped_fields">grouped_fields</A></H2>
<P>Creates get/set methods like get_set but also defines a method which
returns a list of the slots in the group.</P>
<PRE>
grouped_fields methods
some_group => [ qw / field1 field2 field3 / ];</PRE>
<P>Its argument list is parsed as a hash of group-name => field-list
pairs. Get-set methods are defined for all the fields and a method with
the name of the group is defined which returns the list of fields in the
group.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="object">object</A></H2>
<P>Creates methods for accessing a slot that contains an object of a given
class as well as methods to automatically pass method calls onto the
object stored in that slot.</P>
<PRE>
object => [
'Foo' => 'phooey',
'Bar' => [ qw / bar1 bar2 bar3 / ],
'Baz' => {
slot => 'foo',
comp_mthds => [ qw / bar baz / ]
},
];</PRE>
<P>This is a hairy one. The main argument should be a reference to an
array. The array should contain pairs of class => sub-argument
pairs. The sub-argument's are further parsed thusly:</P>
<P>If the sub-argument is a simple string or a reference to an array of
strings (as is the case for Foo and Bar above), for each string a get/set
method is created that can store an object of that class. (The get/set
method, if called with a reference to an object of the given class as the
first argument, stores it in the slot. If the slot isn't filled yet it
creates an object by calling the given class's new method. Any arguments
passed to the get/set method are passed on to new. In all cases the
object now stored in the slot is returned.</P>
<P>If the sub-argument is a ref to a hash (as with Baz, above) then the
hash should have two keys: slot and comp_mthds. The value indexed by
'slot' will be interpreted as the is in (a). The value or values (ref to
an array if plural) indexed by 'comp_mthds' are the names of methods
which should be ``inherited'' from the object stored in the slot. That is,
using the example above, a method, foo, is created in the class that
calls MethodMaker, which can get and set the value of a slot containing
an object of class Baz. Class Baz in turn defines two methods, 'bar', and
'baz'. Two more methods are created in the class using MethodMaker, named
'bar' and 'baz' which result in a call to the 'bar' and 'baz' methods,
through the Baz object stored in slot foo.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="boolean">boolean</A></H2>
<PRE>
boolean => [ qw / foo bar baz / ]</PRE>
<P>Creates methods for setting, checking and clearing flags. All flags
created with this meta-method are stored in a single vector for space
efficiency. The argument to boolean should be a string or a reference to
an array of strings. For each string x it defines several methods: x,
set_x, and clear x. x returns the value of the x-flag. If called with an
argument, it first sets the x-flag to the truth-value of the
argument. set_x is equivalent to <CODE>x(1)</CODE> and clear_x is equivalent to x(0).</P>
<P>Additionally, boolean defines three class method: <EM>bits</EM>, which returns
the vector containing all of the bit fields (remember however that a
vector containing all 0 bits is still true), <EM>boolean_fields</EM>, which returns
a list of all the flags by name, and <EM>bit_dump</EM>, which returns a hash of
the flag-name/flag-value pairs.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="struct">struct</A></H2>
<PRE>
struct => [ 'foo' => [ qw / foo bar baz / ] ];</PRE>
<P>XXX these docs aren't right yet.</P>
<P>Creates methods for setting, checking and clearing slots in a struct.
All the slots created with this meta-method are stored in a single array
for speed efficiency. The argument to struct should be a string or a
reference to an array of strings. For each string x it defines two
methods: <EM>x</EM> and <EM>clear_x</EM>. x returns the value of the x-slot. If called with
an argument, it first sets the x-slot to the argument. clear_x sets the
slot to undef.</P>
<P>Additionally, struct defines three class method: <EM>struct</EM>, which returns
the array containing all of the bit fields (remember however that a
vector containing all 0 bits is still true), <EM>boolean_fields</EM>, which returns
a list of all the slots by name, and <EM>bit_dump</EM>, which returns a hash of
the slot-name/slot-value pairs.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="listed_attrib">listed_attrib</A></H2>
<PRE>
listed_attrib => [ qw / foo bar baz / ]</PRE>
<P>Like <EM>boolean</EM>, <EM>listed_attrib</EM> creates x, set_x, and clear_x
methods. However, it also defines a class method x_objects which returns
a list of the objects which presently have the x-flag set to
true. N.B. listed_attrib does not use the same space efficient
implementation as boolean, so boolean should be prefered unless the
x_objects method is actually needed.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="key_attrib">key_attrib</A></H2>
<PRE>
key_attrib => [ qw / foo bar baz / ]</PRE>
<P>Creates get/set methods like get/set but also maintains a hash in which
each object is stored under the value of the field when the slot is
set. If an object has a slot set to a value which another object is
already set to the object currently set to that value has that slot set
to undef and the new object will be put into the hash under that
value. (I.e. only one object can have a given key. The method find_x is
defined which if called with any arguments returns a list of the objects
stored under those values in the hash. Called with no arguments, it
returns a reference to the hash.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="key_with_create">key_with_create</A></H2>
<PRE>
key_with_create => [ qw / foo bar baz / ]</PRE>
<P>Just like key_attrib except the find_x method is defined to call the new
method to create an object if there is no object already stored under any of the keys you give as arguments.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="list">list</A></H2>
<P>Creates several methods for dealing with slots containing list
data. Takes a string or a reference to an array of strings as its
argument and for each string, x, creates the methods: x, push_x, and
pop_x. The method x returns the list of values stored in the slot. In an
array context it returns them as an array and in a scalar context as a
reference to the array. If called with arguments, x will push them onto
the list. push_x and pop_x do about what you would expect.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="hash">hash</A></H2>
<P>Creates a group of methods for dealing with hash data stored in a
slot. Takes a string or a reference to an array of strings and for each
string, x, creates: x, x_keys, x_values, and x_tally. Called with no
arguments x returns the hash stored in the slot, as a hash in an array
context or as a refernce in a scalar context. Called with one argument it
treats the argument as a key and returns the value stored under that key,
or as a list of keys (if it is a reference to a list) and returns the
list of values stored under those keys. Called with more than one
argument, treats them as a series of key/value pairs and adds them to the
hash. x_keys returns the keys of the hash, and x_values returns the list
of values. x_tally takes a list of arguments and for each scalar in the
list increments the value stored in the hash and returns a list of the
current (after the increment) values.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="code">code</A></H2>
<PRE>
code => [ qw / foo bar baz / ]</PRE>
<P>Creates a slot that holds a code reference. Takes a string or a reference
to a list of string and for each string, x, creates a method <STRONG>x</STRONG> which
if called with one argument which is a CODE reference, it installs that
code in the slot. Otherwise it runs the code stored in the slot with
whatever arguments (including none) were passed in.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="method">method</A></H2>
<PRE>
method => [ qw / foo bar baz / ]</PRE>
<P>Just like <STRONG>code</STRONG>, except the code is called like a method, with $self as
it's first argument. Basically, you're creating a method which can be
different for each object. Which is sort of weird. But perhaps useful.</P>
<P>
<H2><A NAME="interface">interface</A></H2>
<PRE>
interface => [ qw / foo bar baz / ]</PRE>
<P>
<HR>
<H1><A NAME="addding new method types">ADDDING NEW METHOD TYPES</A></H1>
<P>MethodMaker is a class that can be inherited. A subclass can define new
method types by writing a method that returns a hash of
method_name/code-reference pairs.</P>
<P>For example a simple sub-class that defines a method type
upper_case_get_set might look like this:</P>
<PRE>
package Class::MethodMakerSubclass;</PRE>
<PRE>
use strict;
use Class::MethodMaker;</PRE>
<PRE>
@Class::MethodMakerSubclass::ISA = qw ( Class::MethodMaker );</PRE>
<PRE>
sub upper_case_get_set {
shift; # we don't need the class name
my ($name) = @_;
my %results;
$results{$name} =
sub {
my ($self, $new) = @_;
defined $new and $self->{$name} = uc $new;
$self->{$name};
};
%results;
}
</PRE>
<PRE>
1;</PRE>
<P>
<HR>
<H1><A NAME="version">VERSION</A></H1>
<P>Class::MethodMaker v0.92</P>
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<STRONG><P CLASS=block> B<Class::MethodMaker> - a module for creating generic methods</P></STRONG>
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