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- <P>
- <blockquote>
- <H2>The PERUVIAN AMAZON</H2>
- <dd>The Peruvian Amazon, the jungle region (selva) east of the Andes mountains,
- is bordered by Colombia to the north, by Brazil to the east, and by Equador
- to the northwest. The vast expanse of tropical jungle characteristic of
- the landscape of the Peruvian Amazon is laced with numerous rivers-the
- Ucayali, the Maranon, the Tigre, the Purus-some of which have their origins
- in the mighty Amazon. In this region land and water change as rivers find
- new channels, silt piles up to form new banks, and oxbow lakes are formed
- as the curve of the river becomes landbound.
- <p>
- <dd>The Indian inhabitants of the tropical forest traditionally exploited
- one of two ecological niches and ways of life: riverine and interfluvial.
- Those groups living along the large rivers developed a riverine way of
- life. Using dugout canoes they developed techniques that allowed them to
- take advantage of the abundance of protein-rich fish available in the
- rivers and lakes. Their settlements tended to be larger and more permanent
- than those of groups living an interfluvial way of life.
- <p>
- <dd>The groups originally adapted to an interfluvial existence, such as the
- Machigenga, the Sharanahua, the Shipibo, and the Cashinahua, exploited
- small streams for fish, but depended primarily upon hunting as their
- protein source. Their communities tended to be small as they moved
- frequently in search of game. At present, many formerly nomadic and
- semi-nomadic groups have begun to settle along the larger rivers and to
- adapt to a riverine environment. They have also begun to cultivate
- quick-growing crops such as maize, peanuts, plantains, bananas, as well as
- manioc.
- <p>
- <dd>Other inhabitants of the Peruvian Amazon include the selvaticos,
- Peruvian nationals who settled over the past century or so in tropical
- frontier towns such as Pucallpa, Iquitos, and Esperanza. These individuals
- were lured into the jungle either in search of rubber, minerals and oil, or
- to provide services for these explorers. More recently, Quechua-speaking
- Indians from the Andes have begun to move into the fringe region between
- the lowland and the highlands, in search of arable land. They bring with
- them their traditional beliefs as well as syncratic customs that integrate
- ancient customs with aspects of Catholicism.
- <p>
- <div align=right><b>Nancy Lutkehaus</b></div>
- </BLOCKQUOTE>
- <CENTER>
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