ETHNIC DIVISIONS: 95% indigenous African tribes, including Kpelle, Bassa, Gio, Kru, Grebo, Mano, Krahn, Gola, Gbandi, Loma, Kissi, Vai, and Bella; 5% descendants of repatriated slaves known as Americo-Liberians
RELIGION: 70% traditional, 20% Muslim, 10% Christian
LANGUAGE: English (official); more than 20 local languages of the Niger-Congo language group; English used by about 20%
LITERACY: 20%
LABOR FORCE: 510,000, including 220,000 in the monetary economy; 70.5% agriculture, 10.8% services, 4.5% industry and commerce, 14.2% other; non-African foreigners hold about 95% of the top-level management and engineering jobs; 52% of population of working age
ORGANIZED LABOR: 2% of labor force
.GOVERNMENT OF LIBERIA
LONG-FORM NAME: Republic of Liberia
TYPE: republic
CAPITAL: Monrovia
ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS: 13 counties; Bomi, Bong, Grand Bassa, Grand Cape Mount, Grand Jide, Grand Kru, Lofa, Margibi, Maryland, Montserrado, Nimba, Rivercess, Sino
INDEPENDENCE: 26 July 1847
CONSTITUTION: 6 January 1986
LEGAL SYSTEM: judicial powers invested in People's Supreme Court and lower courts
NATIONAL HOLIDAY: Independence Day, 26 July (1847)
BRANCHES: executive powers held by president, assisted by appointed Cabinet; legislative powers held by bicameral legislature; independent judiciary
CHIEFS OF STATE AND HEAD OF GOVERNMENT: President Gen. Dr. Samuel Kanyon DOE (since 12 April 1980); Vice President Harry F. MONIBA (since 6 January 1986)
SUFFRAGE: universal at age 18
ELECTIONS: presidential and legislative elections held October 1985; Doe was proclaimed winner of presidential election and took office in January 1986
POLITICAL PARTIES AND LEADERS: National Democratic Party of Liberia, Nicholas Biddle, chairman; Liberian Action Party, Jackson Doe, chairman; Liberian Unity Party, Gabriel Kpolleh, chairman; Unity Party, Edward Kesselly, chairman; United Peoples Party, Gabriel Baccus Matthews, chairman
DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATION: Ambassador Eugenia A. WORDSWORTH-STEVENSON; Chancery at 5201 16th Street NW, Washington DC 20011; telephone (202) 723-0437 through 0440; there is a Liberian Consulate General in New York
US FOREIGN SERVICE POST: Ambassador James K. BISHOP; Embassy at 111 United Nations Drive, Monrovia (mailing address is P. O. Box 98, Monrovia, or APO New York 09155); telephone
FLAG: 11 equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; there is a white five-pointed star on a blue square in the upper hoist-side corner; the design was based on the US flag
.ECONOMY OF LIBERIA
OVERVIEW: In 1988 the Liberian economy posted its best year in a decade, thanks to a resurgence of the rubber industry and rapid growth in exports of forest products. Richly endowed with water, mineral resources, forests, and a climate favorable to agriculture, Liberia is a producer and exporter of basic products. Local manufacturing, mainly foreign-owned, is small in scope. Liberia imports primarily machinery and parts, transportation equipment, petroleum products, and foodstuffs. Persistent budget deficits, the flight of capital, and deterioration of transport and other infrastructure continue to hold back economic progress. In 1987 the United States agreed to a financial management partnership whereby US advisers are helping to improve public administration and fiscal management. The European Community is sponsoring a program to improve port handling and turnaround time.
GDP: $973 million, per capita $410; real growth rate 1.7% (1987)
INFLATION RATE (CONSUMER PRICES): 3.6% (1987)
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE: NA%
BUDGET: revenues $217.5 million; expenditures $248.1 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1988)
EXPORTS: $458 million (f.o.b., 1987); commodities-- iron ore 61%, rubber 20%, timber 11%, coffee; partners-- US, EC, Netherlands
IMPORTS: $259 million (c.i.f., 1986); commodities-- rice, mineral fuels, chemicals, machinery, transportation equipment, other foodstuffs; partners-- US, EC, Japan, China, Netherlands, ECOWAS
EXTERNAL DEBT: $1.5 billion (July 1988)
INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION: growth rate 2.0% (1986)
ELECTRICITY: 400,000 kW capacity; 728 million kWh produced, 300 kWh per capita (1988)
AGRICULTURE: rubber, rice, oil palm, cassava, coffee, cocoa; imports of rice, wheat, and livestock are necessary for basic diet
AID: NA
CURRENCY: Liberian dollar (plural--dollars); 1 Liberian dollar (L$) = 100 cents
EXCHANGE RATES: Liberian dollars (L$) per US$1--1.00 (fixed rate since 1940); unofficial parallel exchange rate of L$2.5 = US$1, January 1989
FISCAL YEAR: calendar year
.COMMUNICATIONS IN LIBERIA
RAILROADS: 480 km (298 mi) total; 328 km 1.435-meter standard gauge, 152 km 1.067-meter narrow gauge; all lines single track; rail systems owned and operated by foreign steel and financial interests in conjunction with Liberian Government
HIGHWAYS: 10,087 km (6,264 mi) total; 603 km bituminous treated, 2,848 km all weather, 4,313 km dry weather; there are also 2,323 km of private, laterite-surfaced roads open to public use, owned by rubber and timber companies
PORTS: Monrovia, Buchanan, Greenville, Harper (on Cape Palmas)
AIRPORTS: 76 total, 61 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 4 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
TELECOMMUNICATIONS: telephone and telegraph service via radio relay network; main center is Monrovia; 8,500 telephones; stations--3 AM, 4 FM, 5 TV; 1 Atlantic Ocean satellite station
.DEFENSE FORCES OF LIBERIA
BRANCHES: Armed Forces of Liberia, Liberia National Coast Guard
MILITARY MANPOWER: males 15-49, 607,006; 324,154 fit for military service; no conscription
MILITARY BUDGET: NA
.TRAVEL IN LIBERIA
REQUIRED DOCUMENTS: Passport and visa required. Transit visitor with onward ticket can remain at airport up to 48 hours. Entry visa valid 3 months, no fee, 2 photos, obtain before arrival. Exit permit required, 1 photo, obtain on arrival. For business requirements, contact the Embassy. Vaccination certificate required for yellow fever, along with a medical certificate to confirm that traveler is in good health and free of any communicable disease.
HEALTH: Medical facilities are marginal. Unwashed raw foods or undercooked meats are not safe to eat. Tapwater is not potable. Malaria suppressants, and cholera immunization recommended. Do not swim is fresh water upcountry; and avoid swimming in the ocean. Health requirements change; check latest information.
TOURIST OFFICE: National Bureau of Culture and Tourism, 14th St. & Cheeseman Ave., [P.O. Box 3223], Monrovia; Tel 262989.
WEATHER AND CLOTHING: Lightweight, loose-fitting, washable clothing is recommended. Dry cleaning is available in Monrovia. Sweater or jacket may be needed in the northeast mountains.
TELEPHONE: When direct dialing to Liberia from the U.S., dial 011 (international access code) + 231 [country code] + local number.
TIME: 5 hours ahead of U.S. Eastern Standard Time, and the same as Greenwich Mean Time. No daylight savings time.
ELECTRIC CURRENT: 240V
IMPORTANT!! All requirements/recommendations are subject to change. Be sure to check latest information.