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- ID:51 Disabling Motherboard Memory
- Quarterdeck Technical Note
- by Stan Young
-
- DISABLING MOTHERBOARD MEMORY
-
- The problem of AT "clone" machines on which the motherboard
- cannot be disabled below 512K is a difficult one for DESQview
- users who want to use an enhanced expanded or EMS 4.0 memory
- board to expand the memory available for running programs beyond
- 640K.
-
- The addition of an enhanced or EMS 4.0 expanded memory board will
- allow DESQview to load portions of its code into memory addresses
- above 640K, resulting in a larger first partition. To get this
- large first partition does not require disabling memory on the
- motherboard. DESQview can then allow you to run more than 640K
- of programs by swapping programs from the first partition to
- expanded memory. However, if you want to run concurrent or non-
- swappable programs in expanded memory, you must be able to set
- expanded memory pages down into the lower 640K.
-
- The size of the partitions that will be available after the first
- 640K is used up is defined by the size of the area between the
- installation address of the expanded memory board and the base
- address of the video card. Since an EGA card starts at a 640K
- address, an IBM AT or other machine that can set up the expanded
- memory card at 256K will get a 384K expanded memory partition,
- while a "clone" that can only set the motherboard to 512K gets a
- 128K partition. Even on IBM machines, sometimes this partition
- is not as large as one might desire.
-
- There is nothing that software can do to rectify this restriction.
- This is a hardware issue, based on the way expanded memory
- hardware works.
-
- So, what do you do if you have a machine that can only set
- motherboard memory to 512K?
-
- First, you should consult with the manufacturer's support
- personnel to see if this is really the case. Many times there
- may be a way to set up the machine, even though not documented in
- the manual. Additionally, some manufacturers may have a new ROM
- or PAL chip that permits setting up the motherboard at 256K or
- below. It should be noted that this is an issue of
- compatibility. "Clone" machines that cannot set up the
- motherboard at 256K are certainly not clones and are incompatible
- with the IBM machines at the hardware level. Given a high enough
- level of interest from users, a manufacturer may develop a fix
- for the problem.
-
- Secondly, you might consider migrating into a 386 based
- environment through the installation of a 386 motherboard or add-
- on processor card. Since the 386 chip has such vastly superior
- memory management, it is possible to do all of the memory
- management necessary without special hardware. On a 386 based
- machine, exTENDed memory is used to emulate EMS 4.0 memory and
- expanded memory pages can be set on the motherboard from 0K
- without disabling any motherboard memory. Additionally, there
- are other benifits inherent to the 386 environment, such as extra
- speed and reliability.
-
- Third, you might consider the addition of a 286 Memory Management
- Unit (MMU), such as the All Computer's ChargeCard. This is a new
- type of card that provides a 286 machine with some of the memory
- management capability that you would get from a 386. As with a
- 386, using an 286 MMU, memory management is provided at the CPU
- level and expanded memory pages can be set on the motherboard
- from 0K without disabling any motherboard memory. While these
- cards do not increase speed or provide the virtual 86 mode of the
- 386, they do provide an avenue for obtaining a fully functional
- EMS 4.0 system at a modest price.
-
- Copyright (C) 1990 by Quarterdeck Office Systems
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