╙⌠τφ ≤÷ß▀±ß ⌠∩⌡ ≡Θ≤⌠∙⌠ΘΩ∩² ≤⌡≤⌠▐∞ß⌠∩≥ ßφß≡⌠²≤≤∩⌡φ Σ±ß≤⌠τ±Θⁿ⌠τ⌠ß ∞Θß ≤σΘ±▄ ε▌φσ≥ ∞σπ▄δσ≥ ⌠±▄≡σµσ≥.
╙⌡φσ≈▀≤⌠τΩσ τ ΣΘσ▀≤Σ⌡≤τ ⌠∩⌡ ε▌φ∩⌡ ⌠±ß≡σµΘΩ∩² Ωσ÷ßδß▀∩⌡ ≤⌠τφ σδδτφΘΩ▐ ∩ΘΩ∩φ∩∞▀ß ΩßΘ ∞σ⌠▄ ⌠∩ 1980. ╠▌≈±Θ ⌠∩ 1963 ⌡≡▐±≈σ ≤⌠τφ ┼δδ▄Σß ∞ⁿφ∩ ∞Θß ε▌φτ ⌠±▄≡σµß, τ AMERICAN EXPRESS, ≡∩⌡ Σ±∩²≤σ ß≡ⁿ ⌠∩ 1921. ╠σ⌠▄ ⌠∩ 1964 ▄±≈Θ≤σ τ ∩±∞τ⌠ΘΩ▐ σΘ≤Γ∩δ▐ ⌠∙φ ε▌φ∙φ ⌠±ß≡σµ■φ. ┴≡ⁿ ⌠ⁿ⌠σ ∞▌≈±Θ ⌠∩ 1995 σΘ≤▌Γßδßφ ≤⌠τ ≈■±ß ∞ß≥ 20 ε▌φσ≥ ⌠±▄≡σµσ≥ πφ∙≤⌠▌≥ ΩßΘ ▄δδσ≥ ∞ΘΩ±ⁿ⌠σ±σ≥.
╘∩ ≤⌡φ∩δΘΩⁿ σφσ±πτ⌠ΘΩⁿ ⌠∙φ 21 ε▌φ∙φ ⌠±ß≡σµ■φ ≤⌠τ ≈■±ß ∞ß≥ ⌠∩ 1995 ßφ▌±≈∩φ⌠ßφ ≤σ 4,2 ⌠±Θ≥ Σ±≈. σφ■ ⌠∩ 1993 ⌠∩ σφσ±πτ⌠ΘΩⁿ ⌠∙φ 19 ε▌φ∙φ ⌠±ß≡σµ■φ ▐⌠ßφ 2,7 ⌠±Θ≥ Σ±≈. ╧Θ Ωß⌠ßΦ▌≤σΘ≥ ⌠∙φ 21 ⌠±ß≡σµ■φ ⌠∩ 1995 ▐⌠ßφ 1.862 ΣΘ≥ Σ±≈. ΩßΘ ∩Θ ≈∩±τπ▐≤σΘ≥ 1.116,5 ΣΘ≥ Σ±≈. ╧Θ ⌠±▄≡σµσ≥ ß⌡⌠▌≥ ß≡ß≤≈∩δ∩²≤ßφ 3.090 σ±πßµⁿ∞σφ∩⌡≥ ΩßΘ σ▀≈ßφ 89 ⌡≡∩Ωß⌠ß≤⌠▐∞ß⌠ß ≤⌠τφ ≈■±ß ∞ß≥.
╧ ≡▀φßΩß≥ ≡∩⌡ ßΩ∩δ∩⌡Φσ▀ Σσ▀≈φσΘ ⌠ß ≤⌠∩Θ≈σ▀ß ⌠∙φ ε▌φ∙φ ⌠±ß≡σµ■φ πΘß ⌠∩ 1995.
╘╤┴╨┼╞┼╙ |
┼⌠∩≥ σπΩß ⌠▄≤⌠ß≤τ≥ |
┼φσ±πτ⌠Θ Ωⁿ ≤σ σΩß⌠. Σ±≈. |
╩ß⌠ßΦ▌ ≤σΘ≥ ≤σ σΩß⌠. Σ±≈. |
╫∩±τπ▐ ≤σΘ≥ ≤σ σΩß⌠. Σ±≈. |
┴≡ß ≤≈ⁿ δτ≤τ |
╒≡∩Ωß⌠ß≤⌠▐∞ß⌠ß |
CITIBANK (╟╨┴) |
1964 |
848.872 |
612.700 |
156.544 |
736 |
21 |
NATIONAL WESTMINSTER BANK (┴├├╦╔┴) |
1974 |
479.331 |
355.023 |
42.405 |
180 |
5 |
BANK OF AMERICA (╟╨┴) |
1968 |
402.027 |
8.673 |
23.700 |
67 |
1 |
┬┴═QU┼ NATIONAL DE PARIS (├┴╦╦╔┴) |
1981 |
342.159 |
24.377 |
65.146 |
121 |
6 |
BARCLAYS BANK (┴├├╦╔┴) |
1977 |
287.139 |
112.488 |
132.627 |
280 |
9 |
MIDLAND BANK (┴├├╦╔┴) |
1981 |
265.539 |
143.313 |
90.961 |
204 |
4 |
ABN AMRO BANK (╧╦╦┴═─╔┴) |
1974 |
217.665 |
115.611 |
88.114 |
196 |
9 |
AMERICAN EXPRESS (╟╨┴) |
1921 |
188.573 |
141.494 |
36.016 |
340 |
7 |
THE ROYAL BANK OF SCOTLAND (┴├├╦╔┴) |
1974 |
167.457 |
60.870 |
107.887 |
61 |
1 |
CREDIT COMMERCIAL DE FRANCE (├┴╦╦╔┴) |
1981 |
151.035 |
15.933 |
47.290 |
64 |
2 |
╘╤┴╨┼╞┴ ╩╒╨╤╧╒ |
1990 |
140.523 |
72.313 |
80.572 |
227 |
6 |
BAYERISCHE VEREINSBANK (├┼╤╠┴═╔┴) |
1989 |
135.903 |
4.221 |
30.739 |
57 |
1 |
THE BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA (┴├├╦╔┴) |
1969 |
133.366 |
64.382 |
78.858 |
120 |
5 |
SOCIETE GENERALE (├┴╦╦╔┴) |
1979 |
129.718 |
23.841 |
55.344 |
135 |
3 |
BANQUE PARIBAS (├┴╦╦╔┴) |
1980 |
95.251 |
6.944 |
21.786 |
55 |
1 |
ANZ GRINDLAYS BANK (╟╨┴) |
1974 |
66.064 |
34.960 |
16.160 |
86 |
2 |
THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK (╟╨┴) |
1968 |
64.408 |
46.535 |
7.206 |
77 |
2 |
ARAB BANK (╙┴╧╒─. ┴╤┴┬╔┴) |
1980 |
42.601 |
16.144 |
24.301 |
63 |
1 |
ISTITUTO BANCARIO SAN PAOLO DI TORINO |
1993 |
27.871 |
1.651 |
10.260 |
15 |
1 |
BANK SADERAT IRAN |
1977 |
5.999 |
430 |
546 |
14 |
1 |
ING BANK |
1995 |
1.805 |
334 |
5 |
28 |
1 |
╙╒═╧╦╧ |
4.193.305 |
1.861.877 |
1.116.467 |
3.090 |
┴≡ⁿ ⌠τφ ßφ▄δ⌡≤τ ⌠∙φ ≤⌠∩Θ≈σ▀∙φ ⌠∩⌡ ≡ß±ß≡▄φ∙ ≡▀φßΩß ÷ß▀φσ⌠ßΘ ⁿ⌠Θ τ ß∞σ±ΘΩ▄φΘΩτ CITIBANK Ωß⌠▌≈σΘ ⌠τφ ≡±■⌠τ Φ▌≤τ ∞σ ≤⌡∞∞σ⌠∩≈▐ 20,2% ≤⌠∩ ≤²φ∩δ∩ ⌠∩⌡ σφσ±πτ⌠ΘΩ∩² ⌠∙φ ε▌φ∙φ ⌠±ß≡σµ■φ, ∞σ 32,9% ≤⌠Θ≥ Ωß⌠ßΦ▌≤σΘ≥ ΩßΘ ∞σ 14,0% ≤⌠Θ≥ ≈∩±τπ▐≤σΘ≥.
╘∩ 1995, ⌠ß ≡∩≤∩≤⌠▄ ⌠∩⌡ σφσ±πτ⌠ΘΩ∩² ⌠∙φ 21 ε▌φ∙φ ⌠±ß≡σµ■φ ß≡∩⌠σδ∩²≤ßφ ⌠∩ 16,6% ⌠∩⌡ ≤⌡φⁿδ∩⌡ ⌠∩⌡ σφσ±πτ⌠ΘΩ∩² ⌠∙φ 25 σδδτφΘΩ■φ ⌠±ß≡σµ■φ (≈∙±▀≥ ⌠τφ ╘±▄≡σµß ⌠τ≥ ┼δδ▄Σß≥), 10,1% ⌠∙φ Ωß⌠ßΦ▌≤σ∙φ, 12,3 ⌠∙φ ≈∩±τπ▐≤σ∙φ ΩßΘ 6,2 ⌠τ≥ ß≡ß≤≈ⁿδτ≤τ≥. ┼≈σΘ ⁿ∞∙≥ ▌φß ΘΣΘß▀⌠σ±∩ Γ▄±∩≥ ⌠∩ ε▌φ∩ ⌠±ß≡σµΘΩⁿ Ωσ÷▄δßΘ∩ ≤⌠Θ≥ ∩ΘΩ∩φ∩∞ΘΩ▌≥ σεσδ▀εσΘ≥ ⌠τ≥ ≈■±ß≥, ≤⌠τ ≡∩±σ▀ß ⌠τ≥ Ωß≡Θ⌠ßδΘ≤⌠ΘΩ▐≥ ßφ▄≡⌠⌡ετ≥ ≤⌠τφ ┼δδ▄Σß, ≤⌠τ Σ⌡φß⌠ⁿ⌠τ⌠ß φß ΣΘσΘ≤Σ²σΘ ≤σ Ωσ±Σ∩÷ⁿ±∩⌡≥ ⌠∩∞σ▀≥ ΩßΘ ≤⌡∞Γ▄δδσΘ ≤⌠∩ Γ▄Φσ∞ß ⌠τ≥ σε▄±⌠τ≤τ≥ ⌠τ≥ σδδτφΘΩ▐≥ ∩ΘΩ∩φ∩∞▀ß≥ ß≡ⁿ ⌠∩⌡≥ Θ∞≡σ±ΘßδΘ≤⌠ΘΩ∩²≥ ∞τ≈ßφΘ≤∞∩²≥ ΩßΘ ∩±πßφΘ≤∞∩²≥, σε ßΘ⌠▀ß≥ ⌠τ≥ ⌡≡∩Σσ▌≤⌠σ±τ≥ Φ▌≤τ≥ ⌠τ≥ σδδτφΘΩ▐≥ ∩ΘΩ∩φ∩∞▀ß≥ ≤⌠∩ Θ∞≡σ±ΘßδΘ≤⌠ΘΩⁿ ≤²≤⌠τ∞ß.