home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
-
-
- These are some of the questions that have passed my desk.
-
- Q. What is meant by conventional, EXPanded, and EXTended memory?
-
- A. These are the three types of memory recognized by IBM and compatible
- computers. They are best described as follows:
-
- Conventional - The 8086 and 8088 could directly address 1 megabyte
- of memory. Thus, the memory between 0 and 1024K is conventional memory.
- The first 640K was set as the maximum that DOS and applications
- could address. The remaining 384K is used by video RAM, BIOS, and/or RAM
- for hardware cards. Some system now, via remapping, can free up this 384K
- for use as cache or RAM drives.
- This is the reason that today programs still are made to run in the
- 640K limit. However, by using extenders on more powerful systems, this can
- be overcome.
-
- Both of the following are memory above the initial 1024K mentioned above.
-
- EXPanded Memory or Expanded Memory Specification(EMS) - This is
- also referred to as LIM EMS, a joint venture by Lotus, Intel, and Microsoft
- (LIM), to break the 640K barrier. By using a memory card, such as the Intel
- AboveBoard, users with 8086, 8088, or 80286, can expand their memory beyond
- the 1 MB area. On these systems you install software, which is provided
- with the card, to access this memory. It can be used as cache, RAM disk or
- with programs that can utilize it.
- To use this memory on a 80386 or higher, you would use an expanded
- memory manager, to covert the EXTended memory of these systems, into
- EXPanded memory. Programs that do this are QEMM/386, and 386MAX, to name a
- few. Quite a few programs do NOT see EXTended memory. This is the reason
- you have to convert it.
-
- EXTended Memory - This can only be used on 80286 and higher
- computers. This type of memory is used mainly in protected mode
- applications. Examples of these are, OS/2, Windows, DESQview.
-
-
-
- Q. What is the difference between 80386, 80386SX, 80386DX, 80486, and
- 80486SX?
-
- A. When the 80386 chip was first made, there was NOT an SX, so the chip was
- the 80386. Then along came the SX. Now people were confused with the ads
- and talk about 386 and 386SX. So, in a move to further confuse people, they
- came up with the DX. The 80386, 80486, 80386DX, and 80486DX, are the same
- computers. The 386 and 386DX mean the same thing. A true 80386 chip. The
- same applies for the 486 and 486DX.
-
- Now that this is squared away, we will explain the SX. The SX was a
- inexpensive way to get a 386 at a bit more than 286 prices. At the time
- that the SX was released, the 386 was a high-priced computer. This was a
- way to get people into the 386 computer without the cost. However, as will
- be listed below there are differences between a true 386 or 486, and the
- SX.
-
- 80386 (80386DX) - A true 32-bit multitasking microprocessor that
- address 4GB (gigabytes) of physical memory and uses a 32-bit data bus.
-
- 80386SX - This runs at slower speeds than a true 386, usually
- 16-20Mhz. It also uses a 16-bit data bus.
-
- 80486 (80486DX) - Also listed as i486. A 32-bit multitasking
- microprocessor with built-in math coprocessor. Rated at running two to
- three times as fast as a 386.
-
- 80486SX - Lower speed version of above. Does not have a math
- coprocesor. The 80487 is available as an option.
-
- I still feel that the SX is a good entry-level computer. Buying a
- computer today, you should NOT buy anything less than a 80386SX-20.
-
-