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- NNNNEEEETTTTSSSSTTTTAAAATTTT((((1111)))) NNNNEEEETTTTSSSSTTTTAAAATTTT((((1111))))
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- NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
- netstat - show network status
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- SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS
- nnnneeeettttssssttttaaaatttt [ ----AAAAaaaannnnuuuuVVVV ] [ ----LLLL laddr ] [ ----FFFF faddr ] \
- [ ----ffff _a_d_d_r_e_s_s__f_a_m_i_l_y ] [ _s_y_s_t_e_m ] [ _c_o_r_e ]
- nnnneeeettttssssttttaaaatttt [ ----iiiimmmmnnnnqqqqrrrrssssttttMMMMNNNN ] [ ----ffff _a_d_d_r_e_s_s__f_a_m_i_l_y ] [ _s_y_s_t_e_m ] [ _c_o_r_e ]
- nnnneeeettttssssttttaaaatttt [ ----nnnn ] [ ----IIII _i_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e ] _i_n_t_e_r_v_a_l [ _s_y_s_t_e_m ] [ _c_o_r_e ]
- nnnneeeettttssssttttaaaatttt ----CCCC [ ----nnnn ] [ _i_n_t_e_r_v_a_l ] [ _s_y_s_t_e_m ]
- nnnneeeettttssssttttaaaatttt [ ----pppp _p_r_o_t_o_c_o_l ] [ _s_y_s_t_e_m ] [ _c_o_r_e ]
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- DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
- The _n_e_t_s_t_a_t command symbolically displays the contents of various
- network-related data structures. There are a number of output formats,
- depending on the options for the information presented. The first form
- of the command displays a list of active sockets for each protocol. The
- second form presents the contents of one of the other network data
- structures according to the option selected. Using the third form, with
- an _i_n_t_e_r_v_a_l specified, _n_e_t_s_t_a_t will continuously display the information
- regarding packet traffic on the configured network interfaces. The
- fourth form displays statistics about the named protocol.
-
- The options have the following meaning:
-
- ----AAAA With the default display, show the address of any protocol control
- blocks associated with sockets; used for debugging.
-
- ----aaaa With the default display, show the state of all sockets; normally
- sockets used by server processes are not shown. If ----qqqq is used in
- conjunction with ----aaaa, information about pending connections on
- listening endpoints will be displayed. This includes the number of
- partially-synchronized connections, the number of fully-synchronized
- connections, and the maximum number of pending connections specified
- in the _l_i_s_t_e_n(2) call. Note that system provides some scaling on
- the _l_i_s_t_e_n backlog, such that a request for a queue limit of 32 will
- actually result in 49 connections being allowed prior to new
- connection requests being ignored. This means that it is possible
- for the sum of the two queue lengths to be larger than the limit.
-
- ----FFFF _f_a_d_d_r
- Only TCP protocol control blocks whose foreign address matches the
- pattern _f_a_d_d_r should be displayed. The format of _f_a_d_d_r is
- [_i_p_a_d_d_r][/_p_o_r_t] where _i_p_a_d_d_r is up to four decimal numbers separated
- by `.' representing the IP address and _p_o_r_t is the port number. If
- less than four numbers are given for the IP address, trailing
- numbers are assumed to be wildcards. For example 192.26 represents
- the subnet 192.26.0.0. Host names may be used instead of dotted IP
- address notation.
-
- ----LLLL _l_a_d_d_r
- Only TCP protocol control blocks whose local address matches the
- pattern _l_a_d_d_r should be displayed. The format of _l_a_d_d_r is the same
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- PPPPaaaaggggeeee 1111
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- NNNNEEEETTTTSSSSTTTTAAAATTTT((((1111)))) NNNNEEEETTTTSSSSTTTTAAAATTTT((((1111))))
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- as that of _f_a_d_d_r
-
- ----llll With the default display, on systems supporting IP security options,
- show the mandatory and discretionary access control attributes
- associated with sockets. These consist of a mandatory access
- control label, printed at the beginning of each line, and a socket
- uid and acl, printed at the end of each line. (For AAAAFFFF____IIIINNNNEEEETTTT sockets
- only, a second mandatory access control label, _S_n_d_L_a_b_e_l, is also
- shown. _S_n_d_L_a_b_e_l is a copy of the label in the u_area.) On systems
- not supporting IP security options, ----llll is silently ignored.
-
- ----CCCC Display the contents of several of the other formats in dynamic
- "full-screen" forms. Many of the values can be displayed as simple
- totals (_r or "reset"), changes during the previous interval (_d or
- "delta"), or changes since a fix moment (_z or "zero"). Note that
- turning interfaces off or on or otherwise reseting them can make it
- seem that counters are changing wildly, since that often resets the
- counters to zero.
-
- ----iiii Show the state of interfaces which have been auto-configured
- (interfaces statically configured into a system, but not located at
- boot time are not shown). When ----aaaa is also present, show all
- addresses (unicast, multicast and link-level) associated with each
- interface.
-
- ----iiiiqqqq Show the information for ----iiii with the number of packets currently in
- the output queue, the queue size, and the number of dropped packets
- due to a full queue.
-
- ----IIII _i_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e
- Show information only about this interface; used with an _i_n_t_e_r_v_a_l as
- described below.
-
- ----mmmm Show statistics recorded by the memory management routines (the
- network manages a private pool of memory buffers).
-
- ----nnnn Show network addresses as numbers (normally _n_e_t_s_t_a_t interprets
- addresses and attempts to display them symbolically). This option
- may be used with any of the display formats.
-
- ----pppp _p_r_o_t_o_c_o_l
- Show statistics about _p_r_o_t_o_c_o_l, which is either a well-known name
- for a protocol or an alias for it. Some protocol names and aliases
- are listed in the file /_e_t_c/_p_r_o_t_o_c_o_l_s. A null response typically
- means that there are no interesting numbers to report. The program
- will complain if _p_r_o_t_o_c_o_l is unknown or if there is no statistics
- routine for it. (This includes counting packets for the HELO
- routing protocol as unknown.) Note that if the protocols list is
- obtained from a NIS server, it is important for the correct
- operation of netstat that the NIS table contain all protocols that
- the client supports but which the server may not, for example STP.
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- PPPPaaaaggggeeee 2222
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- NNNNEEEETTTTSSSSTTTTAAAATTTT((((1111)))) NNNNEEEETTTTSSSSTTTTAAAATTTT((((1111))))
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- ----ssss Show per-protocol statistics.
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- ----rrrr Show the routing tables. When ----ssss is also present, show routing
- statistics instead.
-
- ----MMMM Show the kernel multicast routing tables. When ----ssss is also present,
- show multicast routing statistics instead.
-
- ----NNNN Show socket addresses of family AF_LINK symbolically or numerically,
- depending on whether the ----nnnn option is used, rather than in the
- default format of lllliiiinnnnkkkk#### where # corresponds to the numerical index
- into the ifnet array in the kernel. This option is typically only
- useful when displaying the routing tables using the ----rrrr option.
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- ----ffff _a_d_d_r_e_s_s__f_a_m_i_l_y
- Limit statistics or address control block reports to those of the
- specified _a_d_d_r_e_s_s _f_a_m_i_l_y. The following address families are
- recognized: _i_n_e_t, for AAAAFFFF____IIIINNNNEEEETTTT, and _u_n_i_x, for AAAAFFFF____UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX. (_n_s, for
- AAAAFFFF____NNNNSSSS is not currently supported.) Note that sockets created with a
- type of PF_STP are still classified under AF_INET here, since they
- use AF_INET addressing.
-
- ----tttt If used in conjunction with ----iiii, displays the value of the interface
- watchdog timer.
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- ----uuuu A synonym for ----ffff uuuunnnniiiixxxx.
-
- ----TTTT When used in conjunction with ----VVVV print just the current value used
- to reset the retransmit timers in a TCP protocol control block.
-
- ----VVVV Specify very-verbose mode. When used in conjunction with the ----aaaa
- switch, detailed state information is displayed for each TCP
- protocol control block. It is useful to combine use of this switch
- with ----LLLL and ----FFFF to specify particular PCBs.
-
- The arguments, _s_y_s_t_e_m and _c_o_r_e allow substitutes for the defaults
- ``/unix'' and ``/dev/kmem''.
-
- The default display, for active sockets, shows the local and remote
- addresses, send and receive queue sizes (in bytes), protocol, and the
- internal state of the protocol. Address formats are of the form
- ``host.port'' or ``network.port'' if a socket's address specifies a
- network but no specific host address. When known the host and network
- addresses are displayed symbolically according to the data bases
- /_e_t_c/_h_o_s_t_s and /_e_t_c/_n_e_t_w_o_r_k_s, respectively. If a symbolic name for an
- address is unknown, or if the ----nnnn option is specified, the address is
- printed numerically, according to the address family. For more
- information regarding the Internet ``dot format,'' refer to _i_n_e_t(3N).
- Unspecified, or ``wildcard'', addresses and ports appear as ``*''.
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- PPPPaaaaggggeeee 3333
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- NNNNEEEETTTTSSSSTTTTAAAATTTT((((1111)))) NNNNEEEETTTTSSSSTTTTAAAATTTT((((1111))))
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- The interface display provides a table of cumulative statistics regarding
- packets transferred, errors, and collisions. The network addresses of
- the interface and the maximum transmission unit (``mtu'') are also
- displayed.
-
- The routing table display indicates the available routes and their
- status. Each route consists of a destination host or network and a
- gateway to use in forwarding packets. The flags field shows a collection
- of information about the route stored as binary choices. The individual
- flags are discussed in more detail in the _r_o_u_t_e(1M) and _r_o_u_t_e(7) manual
- pages. The mapping between letters and flags is:
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- 1 RTF_PROTO1 Protocol-specific routing flag #1
- 2 RTF_PROTO2 Protocol-specific routing flag #2
- B RTF_BLACKHOLE Just discard pkts (during updates)
- C RTF_CLONING Generate new routes on use
- D RTF_DYNAMIC Created dynamically (by redirect)
- G RTF_GATEWAY Destination requires forwarding by intermediary
- H RTF_HOST Host entry (net otherwise)
- L RTF_LLINFO Valid protocol to link address translation.
- M RTF_MODIFIED Modified dynamically (by redirect)
- R RTF_REJECT Host or net unreachable
- S RTF_STATIC Manually added
- U RTF_UP Route usable
- X RTF_XRESOLVE External daemon translates proto to link address
- c RTF_CKSUM TCP/UDP checksumming done on this route
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- Direct routes are created for each interface attached to the local host;
- the gateway field for such entries shows the address of the outgoing
- interface. The MTU field shows the MTU value set with the _r_o_u_t_e(1M)
- command for that route. The RTT and RTTvar fields show the estimated
- round-trip time (RTT) and the variance in RTT for routes with large
- amounts of TCP traffic. The RTT and RTTvar values are in seconds with a
- resolution of .125 seconds. The use field provides a count of the number
- of packets sent using that route. The interface entry indicates the
- network interface utilized for the route.
-
- When _n_e_t_s_t_a_t is invoked with an _i_n_t_e_r_v_a_l argument, it displays a running
- count of statistics related to network interfaces. This display consists
- of a column for the primary interface (the first interface found during
- autoconfiguration) and a column summarizing information for all
- interfaces. The primary interface may be replaced with another interface
- with the ----IIII option. The first line of each screen of information
- contains a summary since the system was last rebooted. Subsequent lines
- of output show values accumulated over the preceding interval.
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- DDDDEEEETTTTEEEERRRRMMMMIIIINNNNIIIINNNNGGGG SSSSEEEERRRRVVVVIIIICCCCEEEE UUUUSSSSAAAAGGGGEEEE
- To match a socket to a process, the _f_u_s_e_r(1M) command can be used. For
- example, the command
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- PPPPaaaaggggeeee 4444
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- NNNNEEEETTTTSSSSTTTTAAAATTTT((((1111)))) NNNNEEEETTTTSSSSTTTTAAAATTTT((((1111))))
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- fuser 25/tcp
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- will display information about any processes listening on TCP port 25.
- Note that _f_u_s_e_r requires the numeric value for the port, not the name of
- the service. The ----nnnn option will force _n_e_t_s_t_a_t to display service
- information numerically.
-
- SSSSEEEEEEEE AAAALLLLSSSSOOOO
- fuser(1M), nfsstat(1M), route(1M), smtstat(1), hosts(4), networks(4),
- protocols(4), services(4), route(7), stp(7)
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- BBBBUUUUGGGGSSSS
- The notion of errors is ill-defined.
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- PPPPaaaaggggeeee 5555
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