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- H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H
- N N
- E ** H-Net Magazine ** E
- T T
- H Volume One, Issue 1, File #16 of 20 H
- N N
- E UNIX-HELP conf on UNAXCESS BBS, JANET E
- T T
- H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H
-
- DETAILS : Unaxcess BBS - JANET address - 0000121100
-
- UNAXCESS is a bbs that is run by Bradford University on the JANET (Joint
- Academic) NETwork. Although it is very strictly run and you need to be a
- student to gain access I did not find it much of a problem. They also have
- a strict policy of no hacking chat - but with UNIX and VAX help conferences
- I was still interested in it!! hehehe. Another interesting feature of the BBS
- is it's chat mode 'T' from the main menu - about 8 lines I think.
-
- Plenty of people seem to be slagging off JANET as boring these days - they are
- usually the people who havent bothered to have a good look around - I mean
- the La Palma Observatory hack was quite funny!! hehee
-
- Message 277 (of 292, 28 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Saturday, 7 April, 1990 - 5:27 PM
- From: JOB
- To: ANDIE
- Subject: WhiteChapel Mg1
- In-Reply-To: 263, 210
-
- a maintenance floppy? Is that a special utils disk then?
- hmm.. we don't have that.
- Do you know anyone with an MG1?
- cheers, Jason.
- --
- Replied-to-by: ANDIE
-
- 19:55 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 285 (of 292, 27 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Monday, 9 April, 1990 - 1:33 PM
- From: ANDIE
- To: JOB
- Subject: WhiteChapel Mg1
- In-Reply-To: 277, 263, 210
-
- Yes. To make a new one, you need to "cd /usr/wcw; ./mkmflp"
- but seeing as your usr partition is broken, this isn't much help.
-
- I'm in the process of acquiring some Whitechapel spares...One of the broken
- beasts is a MG-1. If I can generate a maintenace floppy from one, I'll let you
- know.
-
- --Andie.
-
- 19:44 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 264 (of 292, 26 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Thursday, 29 March, 1990 - 10:39 PM
- From: FRED
- To: DYLAN
- Subject: cd...
- In-Reply-To: 261, 260, 259, 257, 256, 252
-
- Or you could get a C proggy to call a shell script, but that would be slower,
- possibly more interesting?
- Fred.
- --
- Replied-to-by: DYLAN
-
- 19:35 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 265 (of 292, 25 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Friday, 30 March, 1990 - 3:49 AM
- From: DYLAN
- To: FRED
- Subject: cd...
- In-Reply-To: 264, 261, 260, 259, 257, 256, 252
-
- But that wouldn't work.
-
- Dylan.
-
- 19:31 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 266 (of 292, 24 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Friday, 30 March, 1990 - 10:21 AM
- From: DISCO MAN
- Subject: changing directory in a c program
-
- The whole idea of changing the directory in a c program is so that
- I can write for example
- chdir("/user/compsci/cs_bsc/evansmp/application");
- ...
- output = fopen("outfile");
- input = fopen("infile");
- rename ("infile","infile%");
-
- without having to put the complete path name in every file reference,
- and ensuring that the program will do what it should do whatever the
- pwd of its parent process is.
-
- Prehaps more useful is
- #define APPLICATION_DIR "/usr/compsci/cs_bsc/evansmp/application"
- ...
- chdir(APPLICATION_DIR);
-
- --More [YD]-- 19:20 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (?
- for help) N
-
- Message 267 (of 292, 23 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Wednesday, 4 April, 1990 - 9:13 PM
- From: PC PLOD
- Subject: re: cd.. cd.. cd.. cd.. cd.. cd.. cd.. cd.. ....
-
- Have we all flogged 'cd' to death now PLEASE??
- --
- Replied-to-by: DYLAN
-
- 19:15 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 268 (of 292, 22 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Thursday, 5 April, 1990 - 12:20 AM
- From: DYLAN
- To: PC PLOD
- Subject: re: cd.. cd.. cd.. cd.. cd.. cd.. cd.. cd.. ....
- In-Reply-To: 267
-
- Well actually, we could go on at great length if you really wanted us to....
-
- Dylan.
-
- 19:09 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 269 (of 292, 21 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Thursday, 5 April, 1990 - 6:17 AM
- From: DYLAN
- Subject: lisp
-
- I need a lisp interpreter which will compile + run on System V, specifically
- a Xenix machine? Anyone got one.
-
- Dylan.
- --
- Replied-to-by: LORRY
-
- 19:03 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 270 (of 292, 20 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Thursday, 5 April, 1990 - 12:24 PM
- From: LORRY
- To: DYLAN
- Subject: lisp
- In-Reply-To: 269
-
- Think there's one on Tardis but anyway, jpd could be the man to ask.
- --
- Replied-to-by: DYLAN
-
- 18:57 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 276 (of 292, 19 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Thursday, 5 April, 1990 - 7:26 PM
- From: DYLAN
- To: LORRY
- Subject: lisp
- In-Reply-To: 270, 269
-
- I already have, and am waiting in anticiaption of his answer sweetnes.
-
- Dylan.
-
- 18:55 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 271 (of 292, 18 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Thursday, 5 April, 1990 - 5:55 PM
- From: CHRIS2
- Subject: File creation
-
- As a non Unix expert can anyone help me with this one?
-
- I want to put something into .profile so that when I sign on a test will
- be carried out to see if a certain file exists. If it doesn't then I want to
- 6create a new directory in /tmp/mysignon
- --
- Replied-to-by: CYBERMAN
- --
- Replied-to-by: BLADERUNNER
-
- 18:50 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 272 (of 292, 17 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Thursday, 5 April, 1990 - 6:02 PM
- From: CHRIS2
- Subject: File creation
-
- please e-mail your repiles regarding my previous fiule
- creation question to C.Dennison@uk.ac.newcastle
-
- Many thanks Chris2
-
- 18:48 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 273 (of 292, 16 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Thursday, 5 April, 1990 - 6:15 PM
- From: CYBERMAN
- To: CHRIS2
- Subject: File creation
- In-Reply-To: 271
-
- Try this
-
- if [ -f file ]
- then
- mkdir /tmp/mysignon/whatever
- fi
-
- Or, if the file has to both exist and be non-zero in length
- use
-
- if [ -s file ]
-
- Square brackets execute the command test, I think the above is more
- readable, but you can also write these as below (see test manual page)
-
- --More (85%) [YNDQ]--
- if test -f file
- then
- ....
-
- Hope this helps,
-
- --- Malcolm
-
- 18:44 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 274 (of 292, 15 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Thursday, 5 April, 1990 - 6:48 PM
- From: BLADERUNNER
- To: CHRIS2
- Subject: File creation
- In-Reply-To: 271
-
- Ummm..how about something like this:
-
- if test -s FILEYOUWANTTESTED then
- mkdir /tmp/mysigno
- fi
-
- >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>BLADERUNNER>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
- --
- Replied-to-by: BLADERUNNER
-
- 18:29 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 275 (of 292, 14 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Thursday, 5 April, 1990 - 6:51 PM
- From: BLADERUNNER
- To: BLADERUNNER
- Subject: File creation
- In-Reply-To: 274, 271
-
- Whoops! Looks like Cyberman's already answered it!! :-)
-
- 18:25 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 278 (of 292, 13 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Saturday, 7 April, 1990 - 6:54 PM
- From: TANIA
- To: OLORIN
- Subject: background login
- In-Reply-To: 233, 228, 223
-
- hmm.. I think you're kinda getting mixed up over the way subshells exist in
- unix if you're talking like that... there's no way in unix that a child
- process can set the enviromnet (or anything else) of its parent (see `man tset`
- for a quote like "if a process could set the environment of its parent, none of
- this nonsense would be necessary in the first place")
-
- whoever it was said about 'alias a alias' making all the lines using the alias
- 'a' go back to the start of the file -- uh, nono; the alias has been set up in
- the shell process, hash tables and all that jazz; it doesnt need to go back
- read the file in again. How could it re-read stdin, eh?
-
- there's various things that make .cshrc initialisation slow; I can't remember
- all the reasons I realised and cut down on in my .cshrc...
- evaluating ~<username> is very slow, but ~ on its own is fast.
- in tcsh, whenever you set path, it recreates its hash table (maybe in csh too)
- so don't do
- set path = ( /bin /usr/bin /usr/ucb /usr/local /gnu/bin )
- set path = ( $path ~/bin/sun3 ~/bin/scripts /cs/share/bin )
- set path = ( $path /more/funky/stuff /loadsa/paths/for/interesting/things )
- ... do it all in one line, escaping newlines.
- also, if your path setup uses eg ../bin/`arch`/ or something several times, or
- indeed if you use any program more than once to get the same result, evaluate
- it once and put it in a variable.
- keep checking it and cutting out anything you dont really use; I for one often
- make up wierd and wonderful aliases to do complex tasks without needing any
- further thought (what's that?) and then never use them again.
- Put all the esoteric ones in a separate file and make an alias (gasp!) to
- --More (83%) [YNDQ]--
- source that file -- many logins are just short ones that don't need all that
- trash (check printer queue; mail someone/check mail; whatever)
-
- Er, kickoff time... see y'later.
-
- Don't worry, be happy.
- ~Tania ----# Aaarrrggghhh what am I doing here anyway I've got a project to
- finish!!!
- Fish!
- bye!
- --
- Replied-to-by: CYBERMAN
- --
- Replied-to-by: OLORIN
-
- 17:58 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 279 (of 292, 12 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Saturday, 7 April, 1990 - 8:30 PM
- From: CYBERMAN
- To: TANIA
- Subject: background login
- In-Reply-To: 278, 233, 228, 223
-
- Ssh startup is LOADS faster than csh, because you can get it to
- declare aliases as extern, i.e. expanded when called the first time.
- Means you can have as many wierd aliases as you like.
-
- Doesnt help with csh though, does it..
-
- Setting paths, i find it best to do it like thius..
-
- set lpath = ( ~/bin /usr/local/bin ~/bin/X11 )
- set path = ( . $lpath /usr/bin /usr/ucb /bin /etc /usr/etc )
-
- Except thatI usually put . at the end
-
- Also, if you replace less common aliases with scripts, startup is faster.
-
- --More (83%) [YNDQ]--
- The main problem with csh startup however, is its size... Its just too big.
-
- If you can get it, try ssh, or a ksh
-
- --- MAlcolm
-
- 17:48 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 280 (of 292, 11 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Sunday, 8 April, 1990 - 4:24 PM
- From: OLORIN
- To: TANIA
- Subject: background login
- In-Reply-To: 278, 233, 228, 223
-
- What I meant was to simulate alias with shell scripts . It tends to be a lot
- more flexible than the brain-dead alias facilities of csh. Trouble is then
- theres the delay of spawning another shell :-(
- --
- Replied-to-by: FIZZ
- --
- Replied-to-by: CYBERMAN
-
- 17:43 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 281 (of 292, 10 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Sunday, 8 April, 1990 - 5:15 PM
- From: FIZZ
- To: OLORIN
- Subject: background login
- In-Reply-To: 280, 278, 233, 228, 223
-
- > ...spawning another shell
-
- I thought Unixy peeps always forked other processes... hohum! :-)
-
- +F.
- --
- Replied-to-by: OLORIN
-
- 17:40 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 282 (of 292, 9 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Sunday, 8 April, 1990 - 5:44 PM
- From: OLORIN
- To: FIZZ
- Subject: background login
- In-Reply-To: 281, 280, 278, 233, 228, 223
-
- Well if you're getting picky :-)
- fork()/exec() 'ing another shell . Happy now ?
- --
- Replied-to-by: FIZZ
-
- 17:37 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 283 (of 292, 8 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Sunday, 8 April, 1990 - 7:41 PM
- From: FIZZ
- To: OLORIN
- Subject: background login
- In-Reply-To: 282, 281, 280, 278, 233, 228, 223
-
- Yep, ta! :-)
-
- Wouldn't like people to get the impression we used VMS now would we? :->
-
- +F.
-
- 17:29 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 284 (of 292, 7 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Monday, 9 April, 1990 - 12:30 AM
- From: CYBERMAN
- To: OLORIN
- Subject: background login
- In-Reply-To: 280, 278, 233, 228, 223
-
- If you make teh first line of your script
-
- #!\bin\csh -f
-
- (slashes should be forward ones, but that key isnt workking :-( )
-
- It shouldd start csh without reading aliases etc, check the manual page
- for csh options.
-
- Better still, write your scripts in Bournne shell, as its smaller it'll
- start faster - and for scripts its generally regarded as a better shell.
-
- For Bourne shell startup use
-
- #!\bin\sh
- --More (89%) [YNDQ]--
-
- as the first linne (same problem with slashes)
-
- --- Malcolm
-
- 17:11 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
- Checkpointing...
-
- Message 286 (of 292, 6 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Monday, 9 April, 1990 - 8:03 PM
- From: ALIEN
- Subject: UNIX shells
-
- can anyone give me a rundown of the various shells available for UNIX
- and the (dis)/advantages of them?
-
- Alien
- --
- Replied-to-by: KEI
-
- 17:01 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 287 (of 292, 5 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Monday, 9 April, 1990 - 10:15 PM
- From: KEI
- To: ALIEN
- Subject: UNIX shells
- In-Reply-To: 286
-
- Okay, speaking as a dedicated VMS person, I'm probably the wrong person to
- answer this, but here goes!! One of the earliest shells was the Bourne shell
- (written by Bourne), which should be found in /bin (i.e. /bin/sh). This is the
- standard shell (well, sort of). It is small, fast and limited (no command
- recall, line editing or sttff like that). Next on the scene was the C shell
- (/bin/csh) this is meant to have a c-like syntax, making it easy for C
- programmers to write shell scripts. It has rudimentary line-editing, using
- commands like !! to recall the previous command !a to recal the last command
- st`rting with a and various more complicated stuff. A recent arrival (ish) is
- the korn shell (/bin/ksh) this is big but offers lots of facilities. There is
- line-editing using EMACS or vi keystrokes. Aliases are available in csh and
- ksh, these enable you to alias (for example) x to be cat, so when you type x
- the shell replaces it with cat which it then executes. That's an overview ...
- the logout approaches!!
-
- --More (83%) [YNDQ]--
- A couple of other shells I have heard of but not used are vsh (a visual
- shell)and a shell written by those nice people at the free software foundation
- (GNU) which I think is called bash.
-
- Ian
- --
- Replied-to-by: PEBBLE
-
- 16:38 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 288 (of 292, 4 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Monday, 9 April, 1990 - 10:28 PM
- From: PEBBLE
- To: KEI
- Subject: UNIX shells
- In-Reply-To: 287, 286
-
- There's also one I've heard of called `ash', which is intended to run with
- `atty' (an `alternative termininal driver', which does line-editing etc.).
-
- Bash (the FSF's Bourne Again Shell) is sort of a greatest upper bound (!) of
- /bin/sh and csh - it has a superset of sh syntax, line-editing a la emacs, and
- csh's job control and history substitution.
-
- I've also heard of tcsh, which is sort of a modified csh (as ksh is a modified
- Bourne shell).
-
- I think that's more than enough, don't you? :)
- --
- Replied-to-by: PSYCHO
-
- 16:33 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 289 (of 292, 3 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Monday, 9 April, 1990 - 10:33 PM
- From: PSYCHO
- To: PEBBLE
- Subject: UNIX shells
- In-Reply-To: 288, 287, 286
-
- It is enough after I mention ssh (available on tardis).... 8-)
-
- psycho....
- --
- Replied-to-by: FORD PREFECT
-
- 16:28 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 290 (of 292, 2 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Tuesday, 10 April, 1990 - 9:23 AM
- From: FORD PREFECT
- To: PSYCHO
- Subject: UNIX shells
- In-Reply-To: 289, 288, 287, 286
-
- On the subject of ssh.. I just happen to have the Man page here in front of me!
-
- NAME
- ssh - a portable Unix shell
-
- SYNOPSIS
- ssh [ [-fP-]-bcefiklnrstuvxzBCDEFHIJKLMNPRSTUX ][ arg ...]
-
- DESCRIPTION
- Summary
-
- Ssh is a shell originally based on the Bourne shell sh with additions
- inspired from the C-shell csh and the Korn shell ksh.
-
- Ssh is intended to be totally compatible with sh and the settings of
- --More (71%) [YNDQ]--
- various flags permits use of the additional features. In particular,
- the -T flag acts as a toggle for switching between full
- sh-compatibility and full ssh. etc....
-
- I hope this is of some use!
-
- Ford Prefect
-
- 16:18 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 291 (of 292, 1 more unread) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Thursday, 19 April, 1990 - 5:27 PM
- From: DISCO MAN
- Subject: problem with bash
-
- Does anyone know how to get bash, (GNU's Bourne Again Shell) to compile
- on a Sequent Symetry S27. I can get it to work fine on a sun sparcstation,
- but not on the sequent.
-
- 16:18 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) N
-
- Message 292 (of 292) in UNIX-HELP:
- Date: Friday, 20 April, 1990 - 7:43 PM
- From: DARKANGEL
- Subject: Inter Process Communication
-
- Firstly, many thanks to Olorin for the socket information, but ...
- while developing the socket-using program (and it's really getting hair-raising
- now!) how can you safely exit, e.g. on an external request (kill process!)
- dropping the socket you were using. Where I'm at the (Sequent Symmetry S29 I
- think - running DYNIX something or other - great effects can be had from simple
- calls to fork()!) system complains when my program keels over - I have to wait
- a while for the 'Socket already in use' messages to stop!
-
- DarkAngel!
-
- 16:17 [UNIX-HELP] Reading (? for help) X
-
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