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- E ** H-Net Magazine ** E
- T T
- H Volume One, Issue 1, File #13 of 20 H
- N N
- E Hacking SIGNET, logfile by WEAZLE E
- T T
- H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H-NET H
- CONNECT 1200
-
- 8p8p8p8p8p8p8p8p8p8p8p8p8p8p8p8p8p8p
-
- Login: XXXXX
- Password:
-
- Please wait....
-
- Welcome to the Special Intelligence Government NETwork....
-
- ****** ***** ***** ** * ****** ********
- * * * * * * * **
- ****** * * *** * * * ****** **
- * * * * * * * * **
- ****** ***** ***** * ** ****** **
-
- [256/879/SIGNET001/1H6C6L]
-
- : P.S.T.N. Access logged, last used 05/FEB/1990 13:20 GMT.
-
- > ls
- ? unknown command 'LS'
- > help
-
- HELP knows about :
-
- CRIS CCN STATUS IVAN CEDRIC PNC
- CAFS FTR CDIIIU CODA CODIN1 COP
-
- > help ftr
- .
- FTR [ Free Text Retrieval System] [SIGNET/help/0065458inf/ftr]
-
- FTR makes searching for random items of information much faster than
- previous methods. A search taking half an hour is a very long time indeed
- by computer standards. The use of such time on a large system such as
- SIGNET is also costly.
-
- To make searching a database more efficient, more than one element may be
- indexed.
-
- FTR takes an alternative approach. Suppose, for example, that we want to
- perform a search on unstructered data like the text in this file. Free text
- retrieval can do that for us. A newpaper article - or thousands of other
- potential data sources like it - could be fed into a database, without
- predefining any structure or context for the data concerned, and every
- substantive word of every record would be indexed. So every occurence of
- any data item - whether it be in a newspaper report, a criminal records
- file, a report from an informant, the electoral register - can rapidly be
- located. The characteristic of free text storage is that there is no need
- to define in advance what data will be entered or to define any structure
- within which the given data will appear.
-
- Because every significant word (other than common words like 'the', 'of' or
- 'for') in the SIGNET FTR database is indexed unless the user chooses
- otherwise, a lot of extra space is required. Instead of, say, one 5
- gigabyte disc store, we should probably need three, for the same amount of
- basic data stored. The SIGNET computers' processor also has to be larger,
- since as well as answering the terminal operators enquiries, it would have
- to maintain the many indexes, keeping them up to date as new data was
- entered, deleted, amended or moved around the storage system. For this
- reason, the extra expense of operating an FTR system can only be met by
- organisations - such as SIGNET - who expect many of their enquiries of the
- database to be of the unstructured, unpredictable kind.
-
- Another aspect of FTR is the ability to provide a dictionary, thesaurus or
- 'concordance' of equivalent or similar terms or phrases. Different people
- entering data into the system may use different terms or descriptions for
- the same attribute - for example, by describing eye colour variously as
- 'blue-grey', 'grey' or 'blue-green'; or light brown hair as 'fair' or just
- 'brown'. Such a dictionary system will also make an allowance for such
- things as phonetically equivalent or near-equivalent names - for example, by
- treating Smythe, Smith, Smiths and Schmitt as the same when searching the
- database. The SIGNET computer uses a particularly extensive system of this
- kind, called Soundex, when searching its criminal names or 'marked persons'
- indexes.
-
- When making an enquiry of the SIGNET FTR database the usual practice is to
- specify various words, names or attributes, and the ways in which they might
- occur together. The separate paragraphs of this text file form some of the
- many records in the SIGNET database which usesd FTR. An Operative arrives
- with news that a reliable informant has phoned to say that a man called
- Young and, of all people, a vicar or a priest, whose name is unknown, plan
- to murder a man known as Sandy. Typed on the VDU screen, the enquiry could
- look something like this :
-
- FIND : Young + [vicar,priest] + Sandy
-
- This is an instruction to the FTR software to look for any record which
- contains the name Young, refers to a vicar or a priest and to someone called
- Sandy. There is no point in looking at everybody called Young - there would
- be too many. But someone who is called Young and who is associated with a
- priest or a vicar and with a man called Sandy, might be a very good bet
- indeed.
-
- The SIGNET FTR system should search and reply within twelve seconds.
-
- Other FTR systems which can be accessed via SIGNET :
-
- STATUS - Met. Special Branch & 'C Department'.
- IVAN - Home Office (immigration service).
- CEDRIC - Customs and Excise.
-
- Also, of course, PNC, the Police National Computer.
-
- ADDENDUM :
-
- The power of computers to handle and analyse large quantities of personal
- data was - until recently - constrained by technical limitations on the
- absorption of information. Printed information, such as a magazine article,
- was not 'machine-readable'. Until recently this meant that a human operator
- had to enter information into the computer's memory store. Database
- operators can now feed a magazine, newspaper or ordinary typed report page
- by page into a scanner; the computer 'reads' the page using optical
- character recognition (OCR), no further typing is needed.
-
- End.
- .
- > logout
- OK
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