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- Using Adobe Type with Professional Page
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- Part 2: Creating .metric Files Using ConvertAFM
-
- After you unpacked your .sit file, or wherever you got your .AFMs from, you
- can use ConvertAFM to make .metric files, which are essential for printing
- to PostScript using PPage.
-
- A PPage .metric file contains information for one to four typefaces,
- including character widths, or FontMetrics, underline specs, capital,
- ascender, and x-heights, and the typeface's PostScript name. You can have
- one plain, bold, italic, and bolditalic form of a typeface in one .metric
- file, or any combination of styles. You can have no fewer than ONE PLAIN
- typeface in one .metric file.
-
- EG: You can have the regular and bold, regular and italic, regular, italic,
- and bolditalic, bold and bolditalic, and so on, and so on... You just tell
- ConvertAFM which ones to use by giving filenames for the ones you want, and
- leaving the others blank.
-
- Using ConvertAFM
-
- You can run ConvertAFM from the CLI or Workbench. Running from Workbench
- opens up a CON: window so it makes no difference where you run it. You are
- asked for a path towards all the .AFMs (If you unpacked your .SIT to device
- DF1: you would give a path 'DF1:'). You are then asked for the plain, bold,
- italic, and bolditalic .AFMs you wish to include in the .metric file.
-
- You are then asked for a new .metric filename and path name. Just type in
- the name you want to call the file (Without the .metric extension). If you
- exclude the path name, the new .metric file will be written to
- PPageUtil:Fonts for the sake of convenience. If this has been relocated to
- a hard disk, it will still write to where you assigned it.
-
- It then provides you with information on the .AFMs you selected. A key
- thing to watch for is the typeface's encoding scheme. If the typeface uses
- 'AdobeStandardEncoding', that's your cue to use Amiga Standard encoding when
- asked for the encoding scheme you want. The scheme you select is carried
- over to the other styles of the typeface, so you need only give this
- information once. Just type 'A' for Amiga standard, or 'F' for Font
- Specific. If the typeface uses Apple Standard or Font Specific encoding,
- and the screen fonts came from a Macintosh, you should use Font Specific
- encoding.
-
- Encoding is simply what ASCII values are given to what characters. The
- first 127 characters are the same from Amiga to IBM to Mac, but the
- Alternate characters may be different. Selecting Amiga Standard encoding
- will re-map the characters in the .metric file so that an 'AE' character is
- SHIFT-ALT-A (Amiga Standard) for example.
-
- ********* Kerning *********
-
- Kerning is the action of moving two characters closer or further apart to
- achieve a better fitting word. For example, the characters 'Y' and 'e' must
- kern closer to fit better. PPage supports automatic kerning when the
- 'Kerning' menu item is checkmarked. PPage then looks in the .metric file
- for kerning information, and automatically kerns letterspaces on screen, and
- in PostScript.
-
- Adobe's .AFMs also have kerning information (Most Adobe Typefaces have over
- 100 kerning pairs defined) and these are entered into the .metric file also.
- This capability of ConvertAFM has been tested with 'Adobe Garamond' which
- has over 600 (!) kerning pairs. For better legibility, get used to using
- the automatic kerning features of PPage. Combined with Adobe standard
- kerning, you're guaranteed to get the best on screen, and printed results!
-
- Anyway, when the program is finished with one .AFM it then generates what is
- called a 'metrics vector'. This is a string that is interpreted by PPage
- and holds all the typeface's information including sizes and kerning pairs.
- If some information (such as no kerning pairs) is omitted in the .AFM, it
- will write a '00' in its place. This lets you create a compatible .metric
- file for any typeface that has either six characters with no kerning (like
- the Ornament typeface) to 256 characters with 65536 kerning pairs (Again,
- this has been tested with Adobe Garamond's 600 pairs) and in case of many
- kerning pairs, it attempts to compress the information. Two .AFMs for Adobe
- Garamond and Adobe Garamond Italic with 600 kerning pairs each, resulting in
- two .AFMs of 30K each, compresses to one .metric file that's 15K. Not bad,
- eh?
-
- A .metric file can have one to four metrics vectors. ConvertAFM creates one
- metric vector per .AFM and forms a .metric file automatically, once you've
- given it the four .AFMs, output filename, and encoding scheme. When it's
- finished it ask you if you want to create another .metric file. Just answer
- 'Y' or 'N' and you know the rest.
-
- On to creating screen fonts!
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