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- 1 - A. Appendix_for_as6502_Frankenstein_Assembler A.1 Pseudo_Operations A.1.1 Standard_Pseudo_Operation_Mnemonics End END File Inclusion INCL INCLUDE If IF Else ELSE End If ENDI Equate EQU Set SET Org ORG Reserve Memory RESERVE RMB Define Byte Data BYTE DB FCB Define Word Data DW FDB WORD Define String Data FCC STRING Define Character Set Translation CHARSET Define Character Value CHARDEF CHD Use Character Translation CHARUSE A.1.2 Machine_Dependent_Pseudo_Operations A.1.2.1 Define_Word_Data The define word pseudo-operations generates the byte reversed (low byte, high byte) representation. A.1.2.2 Instruction_Set_Selection CPU string The instruction set can be specified in the source file with the CPU pseudooperation. The string, delimited by quotes or apostrophes, is scanned for a substring which selects which instruction set is used. When the program is invoked, this operation is performed on the name of the program, then the -p optional arguement, if any, and then any CPU statements. The last one selects which subset of the instructions the assembler will accept. The instruction set can be changed at any place in the source file. Instruction Set Substrings ROCKWELL CMOS R65C r65c CMOS 65C 65c ROCKWELL Extended R65 r65 R65C00/21 21 Standard NMOS 65 - 2 - A.2 Instructions A.2.1 Instruction_List Opcode Syntax Selection Criteria ADC '#' topexpr ADC '(' topexpr ')' ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXY ADC '(' topexpr ')' DIRECT INSTCMOS ADC '(' topexpr ',' INDEX ')' DIRECT INDEXX ADC topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX ADC topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX ADC topexpr ',' INDEX INDEXY ADC topexpr DIRECT ADC topexpr EXTENDED AND '#' topexpr AND '(' topexpr ')' ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXY AND '(' topexpr ')' DIRECT INSTCMOS AND '(' topexpr ',' INDEX ')' DIRECT INDEXX AND topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX AND topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX AND topexpr ',' INDEX INDEXY AND topexpr DIRECT AND topexpr EXTENDED ASL ACCUM ASL topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX ASL topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX ASL topexpr DIRECT ASL topexpr EXTENDED BBR0 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBR1 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBR2 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBR3 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBR4 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBR5 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBR6 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBR7 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL - 3 - Opcode Syntax Selection Criteria BBS0 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBS1 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBS2 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBS3 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBS4 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBS5 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBS6 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BBS7 topexpr ',' topexpr INSTROCKWELL BCC topexpr BCS topexpr BEQ topexpr BGE topexpr BIT '#' topexpr INSTCMOS BIT topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX INSTCMOS BIT topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX INSTCMOS BIT topexpr DIRECT BIT topexpr EXTENDED BLT topexpr BMI topexpr BNE topexpr BPL topexpr BRA topexpr INST21 BRA topexpr INSTCMOS BRK '#' topexpr BRK BVC topexpr BVS topexpr - 4 - Opcode Syntax Selection Criteria CLC CLD CLI CLV CMP '#' topexpr CMP '(' topexpr ')' ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXY CMP '(' topexpr ')' DIRECT INSTCMOS CMP '(' topexpr ',' INDEX ')' DIRECT INDEXX CMP topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX CMP topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX CMP topexpr ',' INDEX INDEXY CMP topexpr DIRECT CMP topexpr EXTENDED CPX '#' topexpr CPX topexpr DIRECT CPX topexpr EXTENDED CPY '#' topexpr CPY topexpr DIRECT CPY topexpr EXTENDED DEC ACCUM INSTCMOS DEC topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX DEC topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX DEC topexpr DIRECT DEC topexpr EXTENDED DEX DEY EOR '#' topexpr EOR '(' topexpr ')' ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXY EOR '(' topexpr ')' DIRECT INSTCMOS EOR '(' topexpr ',' INDEX ')' DIRECT INDEXX EOR topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX EOR topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX EOR topexpr ',' INDEX INDEXY EOR topexpr DIRECT EOR topexpr EXTENDED - 5 - Opcode Syntax Selection Criteria INC ACCUM INSTCMOS INC topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX INC topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX INC topexpr DIRECT INC topexpr EXTENDED INX INY JMP '(' topexpr ')' JMP '(' topexpr ',' INDEX ')' INSTCMOS INDEXX JMP topexpr JSR topexpr LDA '#' topexpr LDA '(' topexpr ')' ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXY LDA '(' topexpr ')' DIRECT INSTCMOS LDA '(' topexpr ',' INDEX ')' DIRECT INDEXX LDA topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX LDA topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX LDA topexpr ',' INDEX INDEXY LDA topexpr DIRECT LDA topexpr EXTENDED LDX '#' topexpr LDX topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXY LDX topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXY LDX topexpr DIRECT LDX topexpr EXTENDED LDY '#' topexpr LDY topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX LDY topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX LDY topexpr DIRECT LDY topexpr EXTENDED LSR ACCUM LSR topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX LSR topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX LSR topexpr DIRECT LSR topexpr EXTENDED MUL INST21 NOP - 6 - Opcode Syntax Selection Criteria ORA '#' topexpr ORA '(' topexpr ')' ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXY ORA '(' topexpr ')' DIRECT INSTCMOS ORA '(' topexpr ',' INDEX ')' DIRECT INDEXX ORA topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX ORA topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX ORA topexpr ',' INDEX INDEXY ORA topexpr DIRECT ORA topexpr EXTENDED PHA PHP PHX INST21 PHX INSTCMOS PHY INST21 PHY INSTCMOS PLA PLP PLX INST21 PLX INSTCMOS PLY INST21 PLY INSTCMOS RMB0 topexpr INSTROCKWELL RMB1 topexpr INSTROCKWELL RMB2 topexpr INSTROCKWELL RMB3 topexpr INSTROCKWELL RMB4 topexpr INSTROCKWELL RMB5 topexpr INSTROCKWELL RMB6 topexpr INSTROCKWELL RMB7 topexpr INSTROCKWELL - 7 - Opcode Syntax Selection Criteria ROL ACCUM ROL topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX ROL topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX ROL topexpr DIRECT ROL topexpr EXTENDED ROR ACCUM ROR topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX ROR topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX ROR topexpr DIRECT ROR topexpr EXTENDED RTI RTS SBC '#' topexpr SBC '(' topexpr ')' ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXY SBC '(' topexpr ')' DIRECT INSTCMOS SBC '(' topexpr ',' INDEX ')' DIRECT INDEXX SBC topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX SBC topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX SBC topexpr ',' INDEX INDEXY SBC topexpr DIRECT SBC topexpr EXTENDED SEC SED SEI SMB0 topexpr INSTROCKWELL SMB1 topexpr INSTROCKWELL SMB2 topexpr INSTROCKWELL SMB3 topexpr INSTROCKWELL SMB4 topexpr INSTROCKWELL SMB5 topexpr INSTROCKWELL SMB6 topexpr INSTROCKWELL SMB7 topexpr INSTROCKWELL - 8 - Opcode Syntax Selection Criteria STA '(' topexpr ')' ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXY STA '(' topexpr ')' DIRECT INSTCMOS STA '(' topexpr ',' INDEX ')' DIRECT INDEXX STA topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX STA topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX STA topexpr ',' INDEX INDEXY STA topexpr DIRECT STA topexpr EXTENDED STX topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXY STX topexpr DIRECT STX topexpr EXTENDED STY topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX STY topexpr DIRECT STY topexpr EXTENDED STZ topexpr ',' INDEX DIRECT INDEXX INSTCMOS STZ topexpr ',' INDEX EXTENDED INDEXX INSTCMOS STZ topexpr DIRECT INSTCMOS STZ topexpr EXTENDED INSTCMOS TAX TAY TRB topexpr DIRECT INSTCMOS TRB topexpr EXTENDED INSTCMOS TSB topexpr DIRECT INSTCMOS TSB topexpr EXTENDED INSTCMOS TSX TXA TXS TYA A.2.2 Operands ACCUM The a or (A) reserved symbol INDEX The x or y (or X or Y) reserved symbols - 9 - A.2.3 Selection_Criteria_Keywords DIRECT The instruction can use the direct addressing mode. The expression must have a value between 0 and 255 that is defined when the instruction is processed in the input pass. EXTENDED The instruction can use the extended (16 bit address) mode. INDEXX The instruction can use the X index. INDEXY The instruction can use the Y index. INSTCMOS The instruction is in the CMOS and ROCKWELL CMOS instruction sets. INSTROCKWELL The instruction is in the ROCKWELL, ROCKWELL CMOS, and R65c00/21 instruction sets. INST21 The instruction is in the R65c00/21 instruction set. A.2.4 Apostrophes The apostrophes in the syntax field are a notation used for the parser generator and are not put in the assembler source statement. A.3 Notes A.3.1 Top_Expressions The syntax of some of the instructions combined with the standard expression syntax resulted in confusion whether an operand was an expression surrounded by parenthesis, or a indexed reference. To get around this, the expressions in these ambiguous cases were restricted to those forms of expression that don't have surrounding parenthesis at the top level. Subexpressions may be parenthesized, but only if an operator seperates or precedes the subexpression. Example lda 47h,y ; load absolute, y lda +(47h),y ; load absolute, y lda (47h),y ; load (indirect), y lda ((47h)),y ; error - 10 - A.3.2 Reserved_Symbols A.3.2.1 Machine_Dependent_Reserved_Symbols A X Y a x y A.3.2.2 Standard_Reserved_Symbols AND DEFINED EQ GE GT HIGH LE LOW LT MOD NE NOT OR SHL SHR XOR and defined eq ge gt high le low lt mod ne not or shl shr xor CONTENTS A. Appendix for as6502 Frankenstein Assembler........... 1 A.1 Pseudo Operations............................... 1 A.2 Instructions.................................... 2 A.3 Notes........................................... 9 - i -