C/C++ Interactive Guide

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E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 47 __________________________________________________________________ ellipser F Plots an ellipse on the graphics screen. The ellipse may be rotated in 6 degree increments from 0 to 90 degrees. To obtain full 360 degree rotation the major axis may be defined as either x or y with rotation. Call: ellipser(xc, yc, rotate, r1, r2, color); xc = column coordinate of center yc = row coordinate of center rotate = angle of rotation (0, 6, 12, 18 etc.) r1 = half the distance along the x-axis (columns) r2 = half the distance along the y axis (rows) color = color of the ellipse Example: main() { sm(4); /* set graphics mode */ /* draw an ellipse in color 2 rotated 48 degrees */ ellipser(100,100,48, 50, 80, 2); } Unicorn 1 Documentation 3.1 page 48 __________________________________________________________________________ equip Returns an integer idicative of the equipment contained on the PC. The number may be interpreted as follows: bit 0 - diskette installed bit 1 - not used bit 2, 3 - always 11 bit 4, 5 - initial video mode 01 = 40 x 25 BW 10 = 80 x 25 BW bit 6, 7 - number of diskette drives ( only if bit 0 = 1) 00 = 1 01 = 2 bit 8 - 0 = dma present 1 = no dma on system bit 9, 10, 11 - number of RS-232 cards installed bit 12 - game I/O attached bit 13 - not used bit 14, 15 - number of printers Call: equip(); Example: main() { equip(); /* get current equipment status */ } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 49 ___________________________________________________________________ factrl F Returns the factorial of an integer as a double. Call: factrl(8); Example: main() { double a; a = factrl(21); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 50 __________________________________________________________________ fibon F Returns the integer sum of all the integers up to and including the passed parameter. Call: fibon(number); number = ending point of adding numbers Example: main() { int a; a = fibon(5); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 51 __________________________________________________________________ forward F Moves the turtle (turtle graphics) in its current direction by a specified distance. The distance is measured in pixels. Call: forward(pixels); pixels = number of pixels to move in current direction Example: main() { sm(4); /* set graphics mode */ pendown(); /* set pen down on screen to draw */ forward(50); /* move forward 50 pixels */ } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 52 __________________________________________________________________ fpower F Returns fractional powers of doubles. It works only with positive numbers although the power may be negative. Call: fpower(number, pow); number = double value to raise to a power pow = double power Example: main() { fpower(5.67, 2.43); Unicorn 1 Documentation 3.1 page 53 __________________________________________________________________________ getchne Get a character from the standard input with no echo. Call: getchne(); Example: main() { int a; a = getchne(); /* return a character in a with no echo */ } Unicorn 1 Documentation 3.1 page 54 __________________________________________________________________________ getctype Returns an integer indicating the type of IBM-PC. return: FFh = Original IBM-PC FEh = PC XT, portable PC or PC with revised system board FDh = PCjr FCh = PC-AT Call: getctype(); Example: main() { int a; a = getctype(); /* find what type of machine it is */ if (a==255) printf("This is an original IBM-PC"); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 55 __________________________________________________________________ getcurp F This returns the current position of the cursor on the screen in row, column format. Call: getcurp(&row, &column); row = the current cursor row position column = the current cursor column position Example: main() { getcurp(row, column); } Unicorn 1 Documentation 3.1 page 56 __________________________________________________________________________ gliss Produces a sliding sound or glissando using the IBM mode of sound production. Call: gliss(beg, end, rate); beg = starting frequency end = ending frequency rate = rate of increase/decrease. a larger rate slows it down Example: main() { gliss(300, 2000, 1); /* rapid slide from 300 to 2000 cycles*/ gliss(2000, 300, 10); /* slower slide down from 2000 to 300 cycles */ } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 57 __________________________________________________________________ gothic F Displays Gothic characters on the graphics screen. All characters are displayed in a 16 pixel wide by 20 pixel high matrix. Call: gothic(char, ulc, ulr, color); char = character to print ulc = upper left corner column ulr = upper left corner row color = color of the character Example: main() { sm(4); /* set graphics mode */ /* print a gothic W at 20, 30 in color 3 */ gothic('W', 20, 30, 3); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 58 ___________________________________________________________________ hollow F This function prints outline characters on the graphics screen. The characters are defined in a 16 column by 30 row pixel matrix. Call: hollow(char, ulc, ulr, color); char = character to print ulc = upper left corner column ulr = upper left corner row color = color of the character Example: main() { sm(4); /* set graphics mode */ /* print an outline W at 20, 30 in color 3 */ hollow('W', 20, 30, 3); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 59 ___________________________________________________________________ ifactrl F Returns the integer factorial of an integer. Call: ifactrl(number); number = value to use in finding the factorial Example: main() { int a; a = ifactrl(23); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 60 __________________________________________________________________ indexch F Returns the position of a character withing a string. Call: indexch(str, ch); str = string to be searched ch = character to search for Example: main() { /* find the position of the character 'i' */ /* should return a 2 */ indexch("This is a test", 'i'); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 61 __________________________________________________________________ indexr F Returns the rightmost position of a character in a given string. Returns -1 if the character is not found in the string. Call: indexr(str, ch); str = string to be searched ch = character to search for Example: main() { /* find the rightmost poistion of 'i' in "this is a test". Should return 5 */ indexr("This is a test", 'i'); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 62 ___________________________________________________________________ lfactrl F Returns a long integer factorial of a number. Call: lfactrl(number); number = integer value used in finding the factorial Example: main() { long a; a = lfactrl(54); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 63 __________________________________________________________________ lgstr F This function uses the ROM internal dot character descriptions to place a magnified character string on the graphics screen. Call: lgstr(string, ulc, ulr, hmag, vmag, color); string = string to print ulc = upper left corner column ulr = upper left corner row hmag = horizontal magnification vmag = vertical magnification color = color of character Example: main() { sm(4); /* set graphics mode */ /* print the string "Test" double sized in color 1 */ lgstr("Test", 10, 40, 2, 2, 1); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 64 __________________________________________________________________ line F Draws a line on the graphics screen given the two endpoints and the color. Call: line(x1, y1, x2, y2, color); x1, y1 = end point coordinates x2, y2 = second end point coordinates color = color of the line Example: main() { sm(4); /* set the graphics mode */ /* draw a line in color 3 from 30,50 to 180, 140 */ line(30,50,180,140,3); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 65 __________________________________________________________________ locate F Returns the color of a pixel on the graphics screen. Call: variable = locate(row, column); variable = the return variable row = the row of the pixel column = the column of the pixel Example: main() { int a; sm(4); /* set graphics mode */ /* find the color of the pixel located at 100, 110 */ a = locate(100,110); /* print it out */ printf("The color of the pixel at 100, 110 is %d\n", a); } Unicorn 1 Documentation 3.1 page 66 __________________________________________________________________________ lprintf Send a string to line printer 1. Call: lprintf(string); string = a pointer to string to be printed on printer Example: main() { lprintf("This is a test"); /* send string to printer */ } Unicorn 1 Documentation 3.1 page 67 __________________________________________________________________________ lputch This function prints a single character to the printer. It is limited to supporting only line printer #1. Call: lputch(char); char = the character to be printed. Return: printer status bit 0 = timeout occurred bit 1 = [unused] bit 2 = [unused] bit 3 = I/O error bit 4 = selected bit 5 = out of paper bit 6 = acknowledge bit 7 = not busy Example: main() { char a; a = 'x'; lputch(a); /* print the letter 'x' on the printer */ /* at the current print head location */ } Unicorn 1 Documentation 3.1 page 68 __________________________________________________________________________ memsize Returns an integer containing the number of kilobytes of memory installed. Call: memsize(); Example: main() { int a; a = memsize(); /* get kilobytes of memory */ } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 69 __________________________________________________________________ moveto F Moves the turtle pen to an absolute pixel location without drawing. Call: moveto(col, row); col = the new column coordinate row = the new row coordinate Example: main() { sm(4); /* set the graphics mode */ /* move the turtle pen to 100, 30 */ moveto(100, 30); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 70 __________________________________________________________________ note F Tandy 1000 only Plays a musical tone on the internal speaker. This function includes all sharps and flats and a total of 7 octaves. The user is given access to all three voices and full control over the volume. Future versions will include duration for added control over the note. Call: note(voice, octave, note, volume); voice = 1, 2, or 3 ( selects sound channel) octave = 1 - 7 with 1 being the lowest note = note from below table volume = 0 (off) to 15 (loudest) A - 1 octave 3 contains middle C A# - 2 B - 3 C - 4 C# - 5 D - 6 D# - 7 E - 8 F - 9 G - 10 G# - 11 E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 71 __________________________________________________________________ paint F Fills an area containing a seed point and bounded by a single color with a specified color. Call: paint(column, row, paintc, boundry); column = column coordinate of seed point inside boundry row = row coordinate of seed point inside boundry paintc = color to paint the enclosed region boundry = color of the boundry to the region to fill Example: main() { sm(4); /* set graphics mode */ /* draw a circle */ circle(100,100,50,1,1,3); /* paint the circle (watch the border color! */ paint(100,100,2,3); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 72 __________________________________________________________________ palette F IBM-PC only Changes the palette or color set to be used on an IBM-PC. Call: palette(a, b, c); a = the palette number (0 to 3) b = mode ( 4-normal, 5- extra or highlighted color sets) c = background color Example: main() { sm(4); /* set the graphics mode */ /* set the color set to highlighted palette 2 with a blue background. */ palette(2, 5, 1); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 73 __________________________________________________________________ pencolor F Sets the turtle graphics pen color. Call: pencolor(color); color = the pen color to use. may be 0-3 for IBM or 0-16 for Tandy 1000 Example: main() { sm(4); /* set graphics mode */ /* change pen color to 3 */ pencolor(3); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 74 __________________________________________________________________ pendown F Places the turtle graphics "pen down" on the screen so that it may draw. Call: pendown(); Example: main() { sm(4); /* set the graphics mode */ /* place the pen down in preperation for drawing */ pendown(); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 75 __________________________________________________________________ penup F Lift the pen up so that it may be moved without drawing. Call: penup(); Example: main() { sm(4); /* set the graphics mode */ /* lift up the pen */ penup(); } Unicorn 1 Documentation 3.1 page 76 __________________________________________________________________________ phasor Make a phasor sound. Call: phasor(); Example: main() { phasor(); /* make phasor sound */ } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 77 __________________________________________________________________ point F Light up a single pixel in a specified color. Call: point(column, row, color); column = the pixel column row = the pixel row color = color to light the pixel Example: main() { sm(4); /* set the graphics mode */ /* light the pixel at 110,110 in color 3 */ point(110, 110, 3); } E Unicorn Library Documentation 3.1 page 78 __________________________________________________________________ power F Raise a number to a power. The number is a float but the power must be an integer. Call: power(number, pow); number = floating point value to take to a power pow = integer power Example: main() { power(6.78, 3); }