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- GREP -- File Scan Utility
- ===========================
-
-
- Converted to IBM PC CI-C86 C Compiler June 1983 by David N. Smith
-
- Originally distributed by DECUS.
-
- Neither Digital Equipment Corporation, DECUS, nor the authors assume any
- responsibility for the use or reliability of this document or the described
- software.
-
- Copyright (C) 1980, DECUS
-
- General permission to copy or modify, but not for profit, is hereby granted,
- provided that the above copyright notice is included and reference made to
- the fact that reproduction privileges were granted by DECUS.
-
-
- Using GREP
- ----------
-
- grep searches a file for a given pattern. Execute by:
-
- grep [flags] regular_expression file_list
-
-
- Flags are single characters preceeded by '-':
-
- -c Only a count of matching lines is printed
- -f Print file name for matching lines switch, see below
- -n Each line is preceeded by its line number
- -v Only print non-matching lines
-
- The file_list is a list of files.
-
- The file name is normally printed if there is a file given.
- The -f flag reverses this action (print name no file, not if
- more).
-
-
-
- Regular Expressions
- -------------------
-
- The regular_expression defines the pattern to search for. Upper- and
- lower-case are always ignored. Blank lines never match. The expression
- should be quoted to prevent file-name translation.
-
- x An ordinary character (not mentioned below) matches that character.
-
- '\' The backslash quotes any character. "\$" matches a dollar-sign.
-
- '^' A circumflex at the beginning of an expression matches the
- beginning of a line.
-
- '$' A dollar-sign at the end of an expression matches the end of a line.
-
- '.' A period matches any character except "new-line".
-
- ':a' A colon matches a class of characters described by the following
- ':d' character. ":a" matches any alphabetic, ":d" matches digits,
- ':n' ":n" matches alphanumerics, ": " matches spaces, tabs, and
- ': ' other control characters, such as new-line.
-
- '*' An expression followed by an asterisk matches zero or more
- occurrances of that expression: "fo*" matches "f", "fo"
- "foo", etc.
-
- '+' An expression followed by a plus sign matches one or more
- occurrances of that expression: "fo+" matches "fo", etc.
-
- '-' An expression followed by a minus sign optionally matches
- the expression.
-
- '[]' A string enclosed in square brackets matches any character in
- that string, but no others. If the first character in the
- string is a circumflex, the expression matches any character
- except "new-line" and the characters in the string. For
- example, "[xyz]" matches "xx" and "zyx", while "[^xyz]"
- matches "abc" but not "axb". A range of characters may be
- specified by two characters separated by "-". Note that,
- [a-z] matches alphabetics, while [z-a] never matches.
-
- The concatenation of regular expressions is a regular expression.