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Path: bloom-beacon.mit.edu!news.media.mit.edu!uhog.mit.edu!sgiblab!swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!uunet!news.mentorg.com!sdl!not-for-mail From: tal@Warren.MENTORG.COM (Tom Limoncelli) Newsgroups: news.software.nntp,news.software.b,news.answers Subject: INN FAQ Part 4/4: Appendix A: Norman's install guide Supersedes: <inn-faq-4-764139607@Warren.MENTORG.COM> Followup-To: news.software.nntp Date: 5 Apr 1994 04:00:15 -0000 Organization: Mentor Graphics - IC Group, Warren, NJ, USA Lines: 504 Sender: tal@Warren.MENTORG.COM Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu Distribution: world Expires: 04/20/94 Message-ID: <inn-faq-4-765518407@Warren.MENTORG.COM> References: <inn-faq-1-765518407@Warren.MENTORG.COM> Reply-To: Tom_Limoncelli@Warren.MENTORG.COM (Tom Limoncelli) NNTP-Posting-Host: sdl.warren.mentorg.com X-Summary-1: Part 1: Common questions about INN itself, useful to people that do not currently run INN. Also, some advice specific to certain operating systems. X-Summary-2: Part 2: Read this AFTER you've read and followed the directions in Install.ms. Help with getting innd to start. A tutorial on debugging posting/access problems. A list of error messages and what they mean. X-Summary-3: Part 3: Day-to-day operational questions. General questions asked once INN is running for a while. Some big changes you can make. Bug warnings for 1.4, 1.3, 1.2. X-Summary-4: Part 4: Norman's quick guide to getting started (assumes SunOS and other things), and misc. other things. Xref: bloom-beacon.mit.edu news.software.nntp:5483 news.software.b:4164 news.answers:17690 Posted-By: auto-faq 2.4 Archive-name: inn-faq/part4 Last Changed: $Id: FAQ-inn.4,v 1.2 1994/02/04 16:20:28 tal Exp $ This is a separate guide for installing INN addressed to UNIX and System Administration novices. It is written for installation of INN 1.4 on a Sun SPARCstation 10/30 running Solaris 1.1 (SunOS 4.1.3). This guide is maintained by Norman J. Pieniazek (norman@giardia.pdb.cdc.gov). Please send updates and corrections to him. This guide is composed of following parts: I. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS II. INSTALLATION OF INN 1.4 III. UPGRADING FROM INN 1.3 TO INN 1.4 IV. MAINTENANCE OF INN V. INSTALLATION OF XVNEWS, A SUN OPENWINDOWS NEWSREADER I. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 1. INN will not install nor run on Sun SPARCstation under plain Solaris 1.1 unless you install some software packages and utilities. Also, your machines IP number has to be entered in a Domain Name Service database (DNS) to be resolvable. Ask your Network Administrator about DNS or read the O'Reilly & Associates, Inc. book: "DNS and BIND by Paul Albitz & Cricket Liu, ISBN 1-56592-010-4. Further, test the resolver on your machine by pinging a hostname not entered in your /etc/hosts file. For example, type: ping ncbi.nlm.nih.gov The response should be: "ncbi.nlm.nih.gov is alive". If you get: "unknown host", consult the O'Reilly book. 2. Be sure to su to root before performing tasks outlined below. Next, check if you have a directory /usr/local and about 90 Mb of space in the partition where this directory is located. Create directories: /usr/local/bin, /usr/local/lib and /usr/local/man if you do not have them. Add /usr/local/bin to your path and /usr/local/man to your MANPATH. 3. INN uses gnu versions of grep, awk and sed. Moreover, it is recommended to compile INN with the gnu versions of make and the gnu gcc compiler instead of the Sun's unbundled cc compiler. If you don't have the gnu software package, create a directory /usr/local/gnu, cd to this directory and ftp to aeneas.mit.edu (18.71.0.38). Go to directory /pub/gnu and get the following files (versions as of February 4, 1994): bison bison-1.22.tar.gz gawk gawk-2.15.4.tar.gz gcc gcc-2.5.8.tar.gz grep grep-2.0.tar.gz gzip gzip-1.2.4.tar make make-3.70.tar.gz patch patch-2.1.tar.gz perl perl-4.036.tar.gz sed sed-2.03.tar.gz texinfo texinfo-3.1.tar.gz Installation of these programs is quite complicated, but is really beneficial. After you complete the installation, check if older versions of these programs are not present somewhere in your path. Delete or rename these old versions. a. Start with gzip. In /usr/local/gnu type: "tar xvf gzip-1.2.4.tar". A directory gzip-1.2.4 will be created. Change to this directory and type: "sh ./configure". Next, edit the Makefile with the vi editor and change the line starting with "CC" to read: "CC = cc". Then, type: "make". Compilation should complete without errors. Finally, type: "make install" to complete installation of gzip, gunzip, and other utilities in /usr/local/bin. b. Compile and install texinfo - info, makeinfo, the GNU hypertext system. Makeinfo is needed for successful installation of many GNU programs and utilities. In /usr/local/gnu type: "gunzip texinfo-3.1.tar.gz". Next, type: "tar xvf texinfo-3.1.tar". A directory texinfo-3.1 will be created. Cd to this directory and type: "sh ./configure". Next, edit the Makefile as described above for gzip. Now, type: "make" and ignore any non-fatal errors. Finally, type: "make install". c. Uncompress, compile and install gnu make. Follow the steps described for texinfo. Gnu make will install in /usr/local/bin. To disable Sun's make, cd to /usr/bin and type: "mv make make.sun". d. Compile and install bison following the procedure described for texinfo. e. Uncompress gcc. Cd to /usr/local/gnu/gcc-2.5.8 and type: sh ./configure --target=sparc-sun-sunos4.1 Next type: make LANGUAGES=c This step will take about 17 minutes to complete. Ignore warnings reported for insn-emit.c. Next, type: make stage1 Ignore reported non-fatal errors. Next, type: make CC="stage1/xgcc -Bstage1/" CFLAGS="-g -O"\ LANGUAGES=c This step will take about 19 minutes to complete. Next, type: make stage2 Ignore reported non-fatal errors. Next, type: make CC="stage2/xgcc -Bstage2/" CFLAGS="-g -O"\ LANGUAGES=c In this step, which lasts about 13 minutes, you will make the final stage 3 compiler. Now type: "make compare". No errors should be reported here. Finally, type: make install CC="stage2/xgcc -Bstage2/" CFLAGS="-g\ -O" LANGUAGES=c to install the gcc compiler. It is advisable to recompile patch, gzip, texinfo, make and bison with gcc. It will be a good test for proper gcc functionality. f. Uncompress gawk. Cd to directory gawk-2.15.4 and type: ./configure sunos41 Next type: "make". When gawk will compile, type: make install Finally, disable Sun's awk by typing: mv /usr/bin/awk /usr/bin/awk_sun and create a link to gawk for awk by typing: ln -s /usr/local/bin/gawk /usr/bin/awk g. Uncompress grep. Cd to directory grep-2.0 and type: ./configure Next type: "make" and "make install". Grep will also be installed in /usr/local/bin as fgrep and egrep. Finally, as some programs expect to find grep, egrep and fgrep in /usr/bin, disable Sun's grep and create appropriate links, just like described for awk. INN expects to find a program "egnugrep" in /usr/local/bin. Create it by typing: cp /usr/local/bin/egrep /usr/local/bin/egnugrep h. Uncompress sed and patch. Compile and install these utilities following the instructions for grep. i. INN comes with some scripts written in the perl language. Uncompress perl, cd to directory perl-4.036 and type: sh ./Configure -d and hit Return for default answers to all questions. Next, type: "make depend", then "make". Now type: make test inally, type: make install to complete installation of perl. II. INSTALLATION OF INN 1.4 1. As root, create directories: /usr/local/inn1.4 (this will be your $inn directory) and /usr/local/news. 2. Cd to $inn. Get: inn1.4sec.tar.Z from ftp.uu.net (192.48.96.9). This file is in the directory: /networking/news/nntp/inn. As for all files, please remember to set the file type in ftp to binary. 3. From the same source and directory get the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) files: faq-inn-1.Z faq-inn-2.Z faq-inn-3.Z faq-inn-4.Z (this file) faq-nov.Z 4. To uncompress the FAQ files type: "uncompress faq-*. Print the FAQs and read them before proceeding further. 6. In $inn type: "zcat inn1.4sec.tar.Z | tar xvf -". This will install inn files for compilation. 7. Change directory to $inn/config, and type: cp config.dist config.data chmod 644 config.data Now use the vi editor to edit config.data. You should select gcc as the compiler by changing the line that starts with "CC" to read "CC gcc". Many lines in config.data define the location of various files and directories. It's OK to leave defaults, but check if you have ample space in the partition where the articles will be stored (/var/spool). More information on where INN expects to find certain files is in: $inn/samples/innshellvars. If necessary, edit the config.data and innshellvars to reflect your configuration. Please make sure that specified directories and utilities exist on your system. 8. Change directory to $inn. Type: "make world". Now type: cat */lint Here, you will get a list of compiler warnings and errors. In addition, "make" created in this step a file: "$inn/Install.ms". Print it by typing: nroff -ms Install.ms | lpr Install.ms is a manual for installation of INN written by Rich Salz, the author of INN. There is a lot of important and interesting information in his manual. 9. If you got no fatal errors from make, go to the $inn/site directory and type: "make all". 10. There are some scripts and control files listed in inn-faqs and Install.ms that may be modified at this point. For most installations, the default settings are OK. 11. Now cd to $inn and type: "make install" to complete basic installation of INN. 12. To finish installation of INN, run the BUILD script in the $inn directory by typing "sh BUILD". This script will ask a series of configuration questions that are easy to answer. Please note that if your have "history.*" files in your /usr/local/news directory from a previous or failed installation of INN, the BUILD script will not complete. Rename them to "old.history.*" and re-run the BUILD script. 13. You need a site that will feed news to you. This will depend on your geographic location and organization. Ask a System Administrator of a site close to you for hints. 14. Ftp to your newsfeeding site and get the "active" file from there. Place this file in your /usr/local/news directory and edit it to your taste. Remember to include the "control" and "junk" newsgroups. Also, you have to edit the following files in /usr/local/news: newsfeeds, hosts.nntp and nnrp.access. 15. To check for syntax errors in INN control files, file ownership, permissions and other things type: /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/news/bin/inncheck and correct any errors reported by inncheck. 16. Look at the file "rc.news" in /usr/local/etc. It's advisable to enable the innwatch utility. Innwatch will throttle the newsserver when your disk will get full and prevent crashes. Change the line starting with "DOINNWATCH" to read "DOINNWATCH=true". Now type: "sh /usr/local/etc/rc.news" and look in /var/log/syslog for errors. Also, type: ps -aux| grep news and check, if the innd process owner is news. 17. In /etc/aliases create an entry: "usenet: <you, or root>". Next type: "/usr/ucb/newaliases" to inform the sendmail program that the aliases file has changed. If you are running YP (NIS) on your network, you may optionally add the "usenet" alias to your YP aliases file. If the machine you are installing INN on is the YP master and the file "/etc/aliases" is the source of the YP aliases map, you should type: "cd /var/yp" followed by "make". Reboot and restart innd (see #16). 18. To get daily reports on the newsserver activity from the "news.daily" script and to enable the "expire" utility type: "/bin/crontab -e news" and insert the following line: 40 23 * * * /usr/local/news/bin/news.daily delayrm or, if you are using overchan (in newsfeeds): 40 23 * * * /usr/local/news/bin/news.daily delayrm\ expireover 19. To set-up complete logging of the server activities and have them ready for a report by the "news.daily" script, you have to edit your /etc/syslog.conf file. Insert at the end of this file the content of the syslog.conf file written by Rich Salz. This file is in: $inn/syslog. Please check, if you have the directories and files mentioned in Rich's syslog.conf. 20. Run tests from your machine to the server (to your machine at telnet port 119). See inn-faqs for details. 21. After completing these test, be sure to delete the entry for your machine from the hosts.nntp file. If you will not do it, your machine will be treated as a "feeder" and not as a "reader". 22. Set posting. a. Edit the /usr/local/news/newsfeeds file and add: <alias for your feed>/<full address of feed\ :*\ (for all local postings) :Tf,Wnm: (standard entry) b. Edit /usr/local/news/nntpsend.ctl file and add: <alias for your feed>:<full address of feed>::\ -T1800 -t300 c. Type: "/bin/crontab -e news" and insert a line: 0,10,20,30,40,50 * * * *\ /usr/local/news/bin/nntpsend d. Run inncheck (see #15). e. Post to misc.test and include "reply" in the Subject line, automatic responses will be mailed to usenet (see #17) within a few minutes. 23. To start innd automatically at bootup, include at the end of your rc.local the following lines: # # Start INN news service - Internet News Daemon (innd) # if [ -f /usr/local/etc/rc.news ]; then /usr/local/etc/rc.news; echo "Starting INN news service" fi 24. Watch the news.daily reports in your mail for any additional errors. To run the news.daily script at any time manually, FIRST SU FROM ROOT TO "news" and type: "/usr/local/news/news.daily". A mail to "usenet" should arrive within a couple of minutes and may report important configuration problems. III. UPGRADING FROM INN 1.3 TO INN 1.4 1. Stop the server. Type: ctlinnd shutdown "upgrade" 2. Create a directory /usr/local/inn1.4, this will be your $inn directory. cd to $inn. Next, ftp to ftp.uu.net, cd to directory: /networking/news/nntp/inn and get the following files: inn1.4sec.tar.Z faq-inn-1.Z faq-inn-2.Z faq-inn-3.Z faq-inn-4.Z (this file) faq-nov.Z Uncompress and print the FAQs. Next, type: zcat inn1.4sec.tar.Z | tar xvf - Print the README file. To print the Install file, type: "make Install.ms" followed by: nroff -ms Install.ms | lpr 3. Now, cd to $inn/config and type the following commands: make subst cp config.dist config.data ./subst -f {OLDFILE} config.data where {OLDFILE} is the location of config.data in your INN 1.3 directory. Be sure to check, if in your old config.data the "CC" line reads "CC gcc". Ignore warnings about new lines. Next, type: make sedtest hould be reported here. Now, cd to $inn and type this series of commands: make quiet cd ../lib make libinn.a lint cd ../frontends make all cd ../innd make all cd ../nnrpd make all cd ../backends make all cd ../expire make all cd ../site make all cd .. make update 4. Restart innd. IV. MAINTENANCE OF INN 1. Adding new groups - see also Part IV, Section 3.b,: a. Type: "ctlinnd pause 'edit active'" b. Edit the active file. The format is: groupname himark lomark flag. Set himark to 0000000000 and lomark to 0000000001. c. Run inncheck (see #11) to check the new active file for errors. d. Type: "ctlinnd reload active 'new active'". e. Type: "ctlinnd go 'edit active'". 2. New groups are sometimes added automatically through a control message. A mail message to usenet will alert to such an automatic change to the active file. If you do not want to subscribe to a particular news group, change directory to /usr/local/news and type: ctlinnd rmgroup <group name> 3. Sometimes, a mail message will arrive for usenet with a checkgroups file. Remove header, save the body of the message in: /usr/local/news/bin/control/news_control/news_control_ todaysdate cd to that directory and type: ../docheckgroups <news_control_todaysdate >todaysdate_pre Read the output file (todaysdate_pre) and carry out all the instructions that you think pertain to your situation. Read the man pages for "active" and "ctlinnd" for more info. To implement the changes, you will have to change to the directory: /usr/local/news and: a. remove a discontinued group: type: "ctlinnd rmgroup <group name>" b. add a group: type: "ctlinnd newgroup <group name> flag <creator name>" c. mark a group correctly: type: "ctlinnd changegroup <group name> flag" Run inncheck and repeat the docheckgroups command from the /usr/local/bin/control/news_control directory by typing: ../docheckgroups <news_control_todaysdate >todaysdate_after Correct any reported problems. Also, you may have to edit the /usr/local/news/newsgroups file to reflect any changes you introduced. 4. Subscribe to and read the following newsgroups: news.software.nntp news.software.readers 5. IMPORTANT!!! Never run fsck on the drive where the /spool/news files are located while running INN. Innd has a lot of active disk I/O going on and fsck will show a lot of errors. Use ctlinnd to throttle, pause, or shutdown innd first - see the manual page for ctlinnd. V. INSTALLATION OF XVNEWS, A SUN OPENWINDOWS NEWSREADER 1. Create a directory /usr/local/xvnews2.1 and cd to this directory. 2. Ftp to dutiws.twi.tudelft.nl and get the file xvnews.tar.gz from directory /pub/news. 3. Ungzip and untar xvnews. 4. Use your vi editor and edit the file xvnews.h You will need to enter your settings for: DOMAIN (on my machine: "pdb.cdc.gov") ORGANIZATION (on my machine: "Centers for Disease Control Atlanta, GA, USA") NNTPSERVER (on my machine: "giardia.pdb.cdc.gov") These defaults can be overridden by environment variables (see the xvnews man page). 5. Compile xvnews by typing: "make". I get some errors on my system, but the program runs OK. Copy xvnews to /usr/local/bin and xvnews.man to directory: /usr/local/man/man1 as xvnews.1 -- Tom Limoncelli -- tal@warren.mentorg.com (work) -- tal@plts.org (play) "Psst! Hey, Anthony! Y'know what I | Disclaimer: I do not like about existing?" "Uh... uh... what?" | speak for Mentor Graphics. "Possessing a physical extension." -TSA |