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- # RFC-822 message manipulation class.
- #
- # XXX This is only a very rough sketch of a full RFC-822 parser;
- # in particular the tokenizing of addresses does not adhere to all the
- # quoting rules.
- #
- # Directions for use:
- #
- # To create a Message object: first open a file, e.g.:
- # fp = open(file, 'r')
- # (or use any other legal way of getting an open file object, e.g. use
- # sys.stdin or call os.popen()).
- # Then pass the open file object to the Message() constructor:
- # m = Message(fp)
- #
- # To get the text of a particular header there are several methods:
- # str = m.getheader(name)
- # str = m.getrawheader(name)
- # where name is the name of the header, e.g. 'Subject'.
- # The difference is that getheader() strips the leading and trailing
- # whitespace, while getrawheader() doesn't. Both functions retain
- # embedded whitespace (including newlines) exactly as they are
- # specified in the header, and leave the case of the text unchanged.
- #
- # For addresses and address lists there are functions
- # realname, mailaddress = m.getaddr(name) and
- # list = m.getaddrlist(name)
- # where the latter returns a list of (realname, mailaddr) tuples.
- #
- # There is also a method
- # time = m.getdate(name)
- # which parses a Date-like field and returns a time-compatible tuple,
- # i.e. a tuple such as returned by time.localtime() or accepted by
- # time.mktime().
- #
- # See the class definition for lower level access methods.
- #
- # There are also some utility functions here.
-
-
- import regex
- import string
- import time
-
-
- class Message:
-
- # Initialize the class instance and read the headers.
-
- def __init__(self, fp):
- self.fp = fp
- #
- try:
- self.startofheaders = self.fp.tell()
- except IOError:
- self.startofheaders = None
- #
- self.readheaders()
- #
- try:
- self.startofbody = self.fp.tell()
- except IOError:
- self.startofbody = None
-
-
- # Rewind the file to the start of the body (if seekable).
-
- def rewindbody(self):
- self.fp.seek(self.startofbody)
-
-
- # Read header lines up to the entirely blank line that
- # terminates them. The (normally blank) line that ends the
- # headers is skipped, but not included in the returned list.
- # If a non-header line ends the headers, (which is an error),
- # an attempt is made to backspace over it; it is never
- # included in the returned list.
- #
- # The variable self.status is set to the empty string if all
- # went well, otherwise it is an error message.
- # The variable self.headers is a completely uninterpreted list
- # of lines contained in the header (so printing them will
- # reproduce the header exactly as it appears in the file).
-
- def readheaders(self):
- self.headers = list = []
- self.status = ''
- headerseen = 0
- while 1:
- line = self.fp.readline()
- if not line:
- self.status = 'EOF in headers'
- break
- if self.islast(line):
- break
- elif headerseen and line[0] in ' \t':
- # It's a continuation line.
- list.append(line)
- elif regex.match('^[!-9;-~]+:', line) >= 0:
- # It's a header line.
- list.append(line)
- headerseen = 1
- else:
- # It's not a header line; stop here.
- if not headerseen:
- self.status = 'No headers'
- else:
- self.status = 'Bad header'
- # Try to undo the read.
- try:
- self.fp.seek(-len(line), 1)
- except IOError:
- self.status = \
- self.status + '; bad seek'
- break
-
-
- # Method to determine whether a line is a legal end of
- # RFC-822 headers. You may override this method if your
- # application wants to bend the rules, e.g. to strip trailing
- # whitespace, or to recognise MH template separators
- # ('--------'). For convenience (e.g. for code reading from
- # sockets) a line consisting of \r\n also matches.
-
- def islast(self, line):
- return line == '\n' or line == '\r\n'
-
-
- # Look through the list of headers and find all lines matching
- # a given header name (and their continuation lines).
- # A list of the lines is returned, without interpretation.
- # If the header does not occur, an empty list is returned.
- # If the header occurs multiple times, all occurrences are
- # returned. Case is not important in the header name.
-
- def getallmatchingheaders(self, name):
- name = string.lower(name) + ':'
- n = len(name)
- list = []
- hit = 0
- for line in self.headers:
- if string.lower(line[:n]) == name:
- hit = 1
- elif line[:1] not in string.whitespace:
- hit = 0
- if hit:
- list.append(line)
- return list
-
-
- # Similar, but return only the first matching header (and its
- # continuation lines).
-
- def getfirstmatchingheader(self, name):
- name = string.lower(name) + ':'
- n = len(name)
- list = []
- hit = 0
- for line in self.headers:
- if hit:
- if line[:1] not in string.whitespace:
- break
- elif string.lower(line[:n]) == name:
- hit = 1
- if hit:
- list.append(line)
- return list
-
-
- # A higher-level interface to getfirstmatchingheader().
- # Return a string containing the literal text of the header
- # but with the keyword stripped. All leading, trailing and
- # embedded whitespace is kept in the string, however.
- # Return None if the header does not occur.
-
- def getrawheader(self, name):
- list = self.getfirstmatchingheader(name)
- if not list:
- return None
- list[0] = list[0][len(name) + 1:]
- return string.joinfields(list, '')
-
-
- # Going one step further: also strip leading and trailing
- # whitespace.
-
- def getheader(self, name):
- text = self.getrawheader(name)
- if text == None:
- return None
- return string.strip(text)
-
-
- # Retrieve a single address from a header as a tuple, e.g.
- # ('Guido van Rossum', 'guido@cwi.nl').
-
- def getaddr(self, name):
- data = self.getheader(name)
- if not data:
- return None, None
- return parseaddr(data)
-
- # Retrieve a list of addresses from a header, where each
- # address is a tuple as returned by getaddr().
-
- def getaddrlist(self, name):
- # XXX This function is not really correct. The split
- # on ',' might fail in the case of commas within
- # quoted strings.
- data = self.getheader(name)
- if not data:
- return []
- data = string.splitfields(data, ',')
- for i in range(len(data)):
- data[i] = parseaddr(data[i])
- return data
-
- # Retrieve a date field from a header as a tuple compatible
- # with time.mktime().
-
- def getdate(self, name):
- data = self.getheader(name)
- if not data:
- return None
- return parsedate(data)
-
-
- # Access as a dictionary (only finds first header of each type):
-
- def __len__(self):
- types = {}
- for line in self.headers:
- if line[0] in string.whitespace: continue
- i = string.find(line, ':')
- if i > 0:
- name = string.lower(line[:i])
- types[name] = None
- return len(types)
-
- def __getitem__(self, name):
- value = self.getheader(name)
- if value is None: raise KeyError, name
- return value
-
- def has_key(self, name):
- value = self.getheader(name)
- return value is not None
-
- def keys(self):
- types = {}
- for line in self.headers:
- if line[0] in string.whitespace: continue
- i = string.find(line, ':')
- if i > 0:
- name = line[:i]
- key = string.lower(name)
- types[key] = name
- return types.values()
-
- def values(self):
- values = []
- for name in self.keys():
- values.append(self[name])
- return values
-
- def items(self):
- items = []
- for name in self.keys():
- items.append(name, self[name])
- return items
-
-
-
- # Utility functions
- # -----------------
-
- # XXX Should fix these to be really conformant.
- # XXX The inverses of the parse functions may also be useful.
-
-
- # Remove quotes from a string.
-
- def unquote(str):
- if len(str) > 1:
- if str[0] == '"' and str[-1:] == '"':
- return str[1:-1]
- if str[0] == '<' and str[-1:] == '>':
- return str[1:-1]
- return str
-
-
- # Parse an address into (name, address) tuple
-
- def parseaddr(address):
- # This is probably not perfect
- address = string.strip(address)
- # Case 1: part of the address is in <xx@xx> form.
- pos = regex.search('<.*>', address)
- if pos >= 0:
- name = address[:pos]
- address = address[pos:]
- length = regex.match('<.*>', address)
- name = name + address[length:]
- address = address[:length]
- else:
- # Case 2: part of the address is in (comment) form
- pos = regex.search('(.*)', address)
- if pos >= 0:
- name = address[pos:]
- address = address[:pos]
- length = regex.match('(.*)', name)
- address = address + name[length:]
- name = name[:length]
- else:
- # Case 3: neither. Only an address
- name = ''
- name = string.strip(name)
- address = string.strip(address)
- if address and address[0] == '<' and address[-1] == '>':
- address = address[1:-1]
- if name and name[0] == '(' and name[-1] == ')':
- name = name[1:-1]
- return name, address
-
-
- # Parse a date field
-
- _monthnames = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul',
- 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']
-
- def parsedate(data):
- # XXX This still mostly ignores timezone matters at the moment...
- data = string.split(data)
- if data[0][-1] == ',':
- # There's a dayname here. Skip it
- del data[0]
- if len(data) == 4:
- s = data[3]
- i = string.find(s, '+')
- if i > 0:
- data[3:] = [s[:i], s[i+1:]]
- else:
- data.append('') # Dummy tz
- if len(data) < 5:
- return None
- data = data[:5]
- [dd, mm, yy, tm, tz] = data
- if not mm in _monthnames:
- return None
- mm = _monthnames.index(mm)+1
- tm = string.splitfields(tm, ':')
- if len(tm) == 2:
- [thh, tmm] = tm
- tss = '0'
- else:
- [thh, tmm, tss] = tm
- try:
- yy = string.atoi(yy)
- dd = string.atoi(dd)
- thh = string.atoi(thh)
- tmm = string.atoi(tmm)
- tss = string.atoi(tss)
- except string.atoi_error:
- return None
- tuple = (yy, mm, dd, thh, tmm, tss, 0, 0, 0)
- return tuple
-
-
- # When used as script, run a small test program.
- # The first command line argument must be a filename containing one
- # message in RFC-822 format.
-
- if __name__ == '__main__':
- import sys
- file = '/ufs/guido/Mail/drafts/,1'
- if sys.argv[1:]: file = sys.argv[1]
- f = open(file, 'r')
- m = Message(f)
- print 'From:', m.getaddr('from')
- print 'To:', m.getaddrlist('to')
- print 'Subject:', m.getheader('subject')
- print 'Date:', m.getheader('date')
- date = m.getdate('date')
- if date:
- print 'ParsedDate:', time.asctime(date)
- else:
- print 'ParsedDate:', None
- m.rewindbody()
- n = 0
- while f.readline():
- n = n + 1
- print 'Lines:', n
- print '-'*70
- print 'len =', len(m)
- if m.has_key('Date'): print 'Date =', m['Date']
- if m.has_key('X-Nonsense'): pass
- print 'keys =', m.keys()
- print 'values =', m.values()
- print 'items =', m.items()
-
-