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- # An FTP client class. Based on RFC 959: File Transfer Protocol
- # (FTP), by J. Postel and J. Reynolds
-
- # Changes and improvements suggested by Steve Majewski
-
-
- # Example:
- #
- # >>> from ftplib import FTP
- # >>> ftp = FTP('ftp.cwi.nl') # connect to host, default port
- # >>> ftp.login() # default, i.e.: user anonymous, passwd user@hostname
- # >>> ftp.retrlines('LIST') # list directory contents
- # total 43
- # d--x--x--x 2 root root 512 Jul 1 16:50 bin
- # d--x--x--x 2 root root 512 Sep 16 1991 etc
- # drwxr-xr-x 2 root ftp 10752 Sep 16 1991 lost+found
- # drwxr-srwt 15 root ftp 10240 Nov 5 20:43 pub
- # >>> ftp.quit()
- #
- # To download a file, use ftp.retrlines('RETR ' + filename),
- # or ftp.retrbinary() with slightly different arguments.
- # To upload a file, use ftp.storlines() or ftp.storbinary(), which have
- # an open file as argument.
- # The download/upload functions first issue appropriate TYPE and PORT
- # commands.
-
-
- import os
- import sys
- import string
-
- # Import SOCKS module if it exists, else standard socket module socket
- try:
- import SOCKS; socket = SOCKS
- except ImportError:
- import socket
-
-
- # Magic number from <socket.h>
- MSG_OOB = 0x1 # Process data out of band
-
-
- # The standard FTP server control port
- FTP_PORT = 21
-
-
- # Exception raised when an error or invalid response is received
- error_reply = 'ftplib.error_reply' # unexpected [123]xx reply
- error_temp = 'ftplib.error_temp' # 4xx errors
- error_perm = 'ftplib.error_perm' # 5xx errors
- error_proto = 'ftplib.error_proto' # response does not begin with [1-5]
-
-
- # All exceptions (hopefully) that may be raised here and that aren't
- # (always) programming errors on our side
- all_errors = (error_reply, error_temp, error_perm, error_proto, \
- socket.error, IOError)
-
-
- # Line terminators (we always output CRLF, but accept any of CRLF, CR, LF)
- CRLF = '\r\n'
-
-
- # The class itself
- class FTP:
-
- # New initialization method (called by class instantiation)
- # Initialize host to localhost, port to standard ftp port
- # Optional arguments are host (for connect()),
- # and user, passwd, acct (for login())
- def __init__(self, host = '', user = '', passwd = '', acct = ''):
- # Initialize the instance to something mostly harmless
- self.debugging = 0
- self.host = ''
- self.port = FTP_PORT
- self.sock = None
- self.file = None
- self.welcome = None
- if host:
- self.connect(host)
- if user: self.login(user, passwd, acct)
-
- # Connect to host. Arguments:
- # - host: hostname to connect to (default previous host)
- # - port: port to connect to (default previous port)
- def connect(self, host = '', port = 0):
- if host: self.host = host
- if port: self.port = port
- self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
- self.sock.connect(self.host, self.port)
- self.file = self.sock.makefile('r')
- self.welcome = self.getresp()
-
- # Get the welcome message from the server
- # (this is read and squirreled away by connect())
- def getwelcome(self):
- if self.debugging: print '*welcome*', `self.welcome`
- return self.welcome
-
- # Set the debugging level. Argument level means:
- # 0: no debugging output (default)
- # 1: print commands and responses but not body text etc.
- # 2: also print raw lines read and sent before stripping CR/LF
- def set_debuglevel(self, level):
- self.debugging = level
- debug = set_debuglevel
-
- # Internal: send one line to the server, appending CRLF
- def putline(self, line):
- line = line + CRLF
- if self.debugging > 1: print '*put*', `line`
- self.sock.send(line)
-
- # Internal: send one command to the server (through putline())
- def putcmd(self, line):
- if self.debugging: print '*cmd*', `line`
- self.putline(line)
-
- # Internal: return one line from the server, stripping CRLF.
- # Raise EOFError if the connection is closed
- def getline(self):
- line = self.file.readline()
- if self.debugging > 1:
- print '*get*', `line`
- if not line: raise EOFError
- if line[-2:] == CRLF: line = line[:-2]
- elif line[-1:] in CRLF: line = line[:-1]
- return line
-
- # Internal: get a response from the server, which may possibly
- # consist of multiple lines. Return a single string with no
- # trailing CRLF. If the response consists of multiple lines,
- # these are separated by '\n' characters in the string
- def getmultiline(self):
- line = self.getline()
- if line[3:4] == '-':
- code = line[:3]
- while 1:
- nextline = self.getline()
- line = line + ('\n' + nextline)
- if nextline[:3] == code and \
- nextline[3:4] <> '-':
- break
- return line
-
- # Internal: get a response from the server.
- # Raise various errors if the response indicates an error
- def getresp(self):
- resp = self.getmultiline()
- if self.debugging: print '*resp*', `resp`
- self.lastresp = resp[:3]
- c = resp[:1]
- if c == '4':
- raise error_temp, resp
- if c == '5':
- raise error_perm, resp
- if c not in '123':
- raise error_proto, resp
- return resp
-
- # Expect a response beginning with '2'
- def voidresp(self):
- resp = self.getresp()
- if resp[0] <> '2':
- raise error_reply, resp
-
- # Abort a file transfer. Uses out-of-band data.
- # This does not follow the procedure from the RFC to send Telnet
- # IP and Synch; that doesn't seem to work with the servers I've
- # tried. Instead, just send the ABOR command as OOB data.
- def abort(self):
- line = 'ABOR' + CRLF
- if self.debugging > 1: print '*put urgent*', `line`
- self.sock.send(line, MSG_OOB)
- resp = self.getmultiline()
- if resp[:3] not in ('426', '226'):
- raise error_proto, resp
-
- # Send a command and return the response
- def sendcmd(self, cmd):
- self.putcmd(cmd)
- return self.getresp()
-
- # Send a command and expect a response beginning with '2'
- def voidcmd(self, cmd):
- self.putcmd(cmd)
- self.voidresp()
-
- # Send a PORT command with the current host and the given port number
- def sendport(self, port):
- hostname = socket.gethostname()
- hostaddr = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)
- hbytes = string.splitfields(hostaddr, '.')
- pbytes = [`port/256`, `port%256`]
- bytes = hbytes + pbytes
- cmd = 'PORT ' + string.joinfields(bytes, ',')
- self.voidcmd(cmd)
-
- # Create a new socket and send a PORT command for it
- def makeport(self):
- global nextport
- sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
- sock.listen(1)
- host, port = sock.getsockname()
- resp = self.sendport(port)
- return sock
-
- # Send a port command and a transfer command, accept the connection
- # and return the socket for the connection
- def transfercmd(self, cmd):
- sock = self.makeport()
- resp = self.sendcmd(cmd)
- if resp[0] <> '1':
- raise error_reply, resp
- conn, sockaddr = sock.accept()
- return conn
-
- # Login, default anonymous
- def login(self, user = '', passwd = '', acct = ''):
- if not user: user = 'anonymous'
- if user == 'anonymous' and passwd in ('', '-'):
- thishost = socket.gethostname()
- if os.environ.has_key('LOGNAME'):
- realuser = os.environ['LOGNAME']
- elif os.environ.has_key('USER'):
- realuser = os.environ['USER']
- else:
- realuser = 'anonymous'
- passwd = passwd + realuser + '@' + thishost
- resp = self.sendcmd('USER ' + user)
- if resp[0] == '3': resp = self.sendcmd('PASS ' + passwd)
- if resp[0] == '3': resp = self.sendcmd('ACCT ' + acct)
- if resp[0] <> '2':
- raise error_reply, resp
-
- # Retrieve data in binary mode.
- # The argument is a RETR command.
- # The callback function is called for each block.
- # This creates a new port for you
- def retrbinary(self, cmd, callback, blocksize):
- self.voidcmd('TYPE I')
- conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
- while 1:
- data = conn.recv(blocksize)
- if not data:
- break
- callback(data)
- conn.close()
- self.voidresp()
-
- # Retrieve data in line mode.
- # The argument is a RETR or LIST command.
- # The callback function is called for each line, with trailing
- # CRLF stripped. This creates a new port for you.
- # print_lines is the default callback
- def retrlines(self, cmd, callback = None):
- if not callback: callback = print_line
- resp = self.sendcmd('TYPE A')
- conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
- fp = conn.makefile('r')
- while 1:
- line = fp.readline()
- if not line:
- break
- if line[-2:] == CRLF:
- line = line[:-2]
- elif line[:-1] == '\n':
- line = line[:-1]
- callback(line)
- fp.close()
- conn.close()
- self.voidresp()
-
- # Store a file in binary mode
- def storbinary(self, cmd, fp, blocksize):
- self.voidcmd('TYPE I')
- conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
- while 1:
- buf = fp.read(blocksize)
- if not buf: break
- conn.send(buf)
- conn.close()
- self.voidresp()
-
- # Store a file in line mode
- def storlines(self, cmd, fp):
- self.voidcmd('TYPE A')
- conn = self.transfercmd(cmd)
- while 1:
- buf = fp.readline()
- if not buf: break
- if buf[-2:] <> CRLF:
- if buf[-1] in CRLF: buf = buf[:-1]
- buf = buf + CRLF
- conn.send(buf)
- conn.close()
- self.voidresp()
-
- # Return a list of files in a given directory (default the current)
- def nlst(self, *args):
- cmd = 'NLST'
- for arg in args:
- cmd = cmd + (' ' + arg)
- files = []
- self.retrlines(cmd, files.append)
- return files
-
- # List a directory in long form. By default list current directory
- # to stdout. Optional last argument is callback function;
- # all non-empty arguments before it are concatenated to the
- # LIST command. (This *should* only be used for a pathname.)
- def dir(self, *args):
- cmd = 'LIST'
- func = None
- if args[-1:] and type(args[-1]) != type(''):
- args, func = args[:-1], args[-1]
- for arg in args:
- if arg:
- cmd = cmd + (' ' + arg)
- self.retrlines(cmd, func)
-
- # Rename a file
- def rename(self, fromname, toname):
- resp = self.sendcmd('RNFR ' + fromname)
- if resp[0] <> '3':
- raise error_reply, resp
- self.voidcmd('RNTO ' + toname)
-
- # Change to a directory
- def cwd(self, dirname):
- if dirname == '..':
- try:
- self.voidcmd('CDUP')
- return
- except error_perm, msg:
- if msg[:3] != '500':
- raise error_perm, msg
- cmd = 'CWD ' + dirname
- self.voidcmd(cmd)
-
- # Retrieve the size of a file
- def size(self, filename):
- resp = self.sendcmd('SIZE ' + filename)
- if resp[:3] == '213':
- return string.atoi(string.strip(resp[3:]))
-
- # Make a directory, return its full pathname
- def mkd(self, dirname):
- resp = self.sendcmd('MKD ' + dirname)
- return parse257(resp)
-
- # Return current wording directory
- def pwd(self):
- resp = self.sendcmd('PWD')
- return parse257(resp)
-
- # Quit, and close the connection
- def quit(self):
- self.voidcmd('QUIT')
- self.close()
-
- # Close the connection without assuming anything about it
- def close(self):
- self.file.close()
- self.sock.close()
- del self.file, self.sock
-
-
- # Parse a response type 257
- def parse257(resp):
- if resp[:3] <> '257':
- raise error_reply, resp
- if resp[3:5] <> ' "':
- return '' # Not compliant to RFC 959, but UNIX ftpd does this
- dirname = ''
- i = 5
- n = len(resp)
- while i < n:
- c = resp[i]
- i = i+1
- if c == '"':
- if i >= n or resp[i] <> '"':
- break
- i = i+1
- dirname = dirname + c
- return dirname
-
- # Default retrlines callback to print a line
- def print_line(line):
- print line
-
-
- # Test program.
- # Usage: ftp [-d] host [-l[dir]] [-d[dir]] [file] ...
- def test():
- import marshal
- debugging = 0
- while sys.argv[1] == '-d':
- debugging = debugging+1
- del sys.argv[1]
- host = sys.argv[1]
- ftp = FTP(host)
- ftp.set_debuglevel(debugging)
- ftp.login()
- for file in sys.argv[2:]:
- if file[:2] == '-l':
- ftp.dir(file[2:])
- elif file[:2] == '-d':
- cmd = 'CWD'
- if file[2:]: cmd = cmd + ' ' + file[2:]
- resp = ftp.sendcmd(cmd)
- else:
- ftp.retrbinary('RETR ' + file, \
- sys.stdout.write, 1024)
- ftp.quit()
-