Celestin Apprentice 2

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Text File | 1994-09-28 | 207.5 KB | 1,966 lines | [TEXT/ttxt]

%!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Creator: dvips, version 5.4 (C) 1986-90 Radical Eye Software %%Title: haskell.dvi %%Pages: 30 1 %%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792 %%EndComments %%BeginProcSet: tex.pro /TeXDict 200 dict def TeXDict begin /N /def load def /B{bind def}N /S /exch load def /X{S N}B /TR /translate load N /isls false N /vsize 10 N /@rigin{ isls{[0 1 -1 0 0 0]concat}if 72 Resolution div 72 VResolution div neg scale Resolution VResolution vsize neg mul TR}B /@letter{/vsize 10 N}B /@landscape{ /isls true N /vsize -1 N}B /@a4{/vsize 10.6929133858 N}B /@a3{/vsize 15.5531 N }B /@ledger{/vsize 16 N}B /@legal{/vsize 13 N}B /@manualfeed{statusdict /manualfeed true put}B /@copies{/#copies X}B /FMat[1 0 0 -1 0 0]N /FBB[0 0 0 0 ]N /df{/sf 1 N /fntrx FMat N df-tail}B /dfs{div /sf X /fntrx[sf 0 0 sf neg 0 0 ]N df-tail}B /df-tail{/nn 8 dict N nn begin /FontType 3 N /FontMatrix fntrx N /FontBBox FBB N string /base X array /BitMaps X /BuildChar{CharBuilder}N /Encoding IE N end dup{/foo setfont}2 array copy cvx N 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b(b)q(e)h(augmen)o(ted)f(b)o(y)g(the)h(con)o(ten)o(ts)g(of)f(the)h (scratc)o(h)g(pad)g(bu\013er)g(for)f(the)h(curren)o(t)h(mo)q(dule.)k($This) 15 b(happ)q(ens)75 1545 y(ev)o(en)f(if)f(the)h(command)d(w)o(as)j(not)f (actually)g(issued)h(from)e(the)j(scratc)o(h)f(bad)g(bu\013er.$)19 b(Y)m(ou)13 b(can)h(use)g(the)h(scratc)o(h)75 1595 y(pad)e Fd(*Main-pad*)e Ff(to)i(pla)o(y)g(with)g(the)h(system)f(without)g(creating)g (a)g Fd(.hs)g Ff(\014le.)18 b(The)c Fd(C-c)21 b(p)13 b Ff(command)d(p)q(ops)k (up)75 1644 y(the)g(bu\013er)h(con)o(taining)e(the)i(scratc)o(h)g(pad)f(for)f (the)i(curren)o(t)g(mo)q(dule.)75 1782 y Fh(3.3)56 b(Emacs)17 b(Commands)75 1882 y Ff(This)d(section)g(describ)q(es)i(in)e(detail)f(the)i (commands)c(a)o(v)n(ailable)h(when)i(running)g(Hask)o(ell)f(mo)q(de.)137 1954 y(If)g(y)o(ou)g(are)g(running)g(Emacs)g(v)o(ersion)g(19)g(and)g(ha)o(v)o (e)g(enabled)g Fd(menu-bar-mode)p Ff(,)d(y)o(ou)j(can)g(also)g(select)h(most) 75 2004 y(of)f(these)j(commands)11 b(from)h(the)j Fd(Haskell)d Ff(men)o(u)h(as)h(w)o(ell)f(as)h(b)o(y)g(the)g(k)o(ey)g(bindings)f(listed)h (b)q(elo)o(w.)75 2112 y Fd(haskell-eval)19 b($C-c)i(e$)179 2162 y Ff(This)12 b(command)e(prompts)i(y)o(ou)g(for)g(a)h(Hask)o(ell)f (expression)i(to)e(b)q(e)h(ev)n(aluated)g(within)f(the)h(con)o(text)g(of)f (the)179 2212 y(curren)o(t)j(mo)q(dule.)i(The)d(v)n(alue)f(prin)o(ted)i(m)o (ust)d(b)q(e)j(in)e(class)i Fd(Text)o Ff(.)75 2293 y Fd(haskell-run)20 b($C-c)g(r$)179 2343 y Ff(This)f(command)d(prompts)i(y)o(ou)h(for)f(a)h (Hask)o(ell)f(dialogue)g(and)h(runs)h(it.)33 b(Its)19 b(b)q(eha)o(vior)g(is)g (similar)d(to)179 2393 y Fd(haskell-eval)p Ff(.)75 2473 y Fd (haskell-run-main)i($C-c)j(m$)179 2523 y Ff(This)14 b(command)d(runs)j(the) h(dialogue)d(named)h Fd(main)g Ff(in)h(the)g(curren)o(t)i(mo)q(dule.)75 2604 y Fd(haskell-report-ty)o(pe)j($C-c)i(t$)179 2654 y Ff(This)13 b(is)g(similar)d(to)j Fd(haskell-eval)p Ff(,)d(but)k(merely)e(prin)o(ts)h 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Ff(do)f(not)g(compile)f(the)i (co)q(de)g(generated)h(or)f(write)179 577 y(an)o(y)k(compiled)e(co)q(de)k(in) o(to)d(\014les.)26 b(When)16 b(y)o(ou)g(are)h(ready)g(to)f(create)i(fully)d (compiled)g(co)q(de)i(and)f(sa)o(v)o(e)g(it)179 627 y(in)i(output)g(\014les,) i(use)f(the)g Fd(C-c)i(c)d Ff(command.)29 b(This)18 b(command)d(recursiv)o (ely)20 b(compiles)d(all)g(imp)q(orted)179 677 y(compilation)11 b(units.)75 760 y Fd(haskell-run-file)18 b($C-c)j(C-r$)179 809 y Ff(Loads)14 b(the)g(curren)o(t)h(compilation)c(unit)j(and)g(then)g (runs)h(the)f(dialogue)f(named)g Fd(main)p Ff(.)75 892 y Fd(haskell-get-pad) 19 b($C-c)i(p$)179 942 y Ff(P)o(ops)12 b(up)f(the)h(bu\013er)h(con)o (taining)d(the)i(scratc)o(h)h(pad)e(for)g(the)i(curren)o(t)f(mo)q(dule,)f (and)g(mak)o(es)f(it)h(the)h(curren)o(t)179 992 y(bu\013er.)75 1075 y Fd(haskell-printers)18 b($C-c)j(C-p$)179 1125 y Ff(This)13 b(command)d(p)q(ops)k(up)f(a)g(bu\013er)h(that)f(lets)h(y)o(ou)e(set)i(Hask)o 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o(t)g(bu\013er.)75 1839 y Fd(haskell-kill)k($C-c)i(C-k$)179 1889 y Ff(Delete)14 b(the)h(curren)o(t)g(con)o(ten)o(ts)g(of)e(the)i Fd(*haskell*)d Ff(bu\013er.)75 1972 y Fd(haskell-interrupt)18 b($C-c)j(i$)179 2022 y Ff(This)d(command)e(sends)k(an)f(in)o(terrupt)g(to)f (the)i(Hask)o(ell)e(subpro)q(cess.)34 b(Y)m(ou)19 b(can)f(use)i(it)e(to)h (terminate)179 2071 y(execution)13 b(of)g(a)f(running)h(program)e($for)h (example,)g(if)f(it)i(gets)g(stuc)o(k)h(in)e(an)h(in\014nite)f(lo)q(op$)h (and)f(return)i(to)179 2121 y(the)g(command)d(lo)q(op.)75 2204 y Fd(haskell-command)19 b($C-c)i(:$)179 2254 y Ff(Y)m(ou)12 b(can)g(submit)f(commands)f(directly)j(to)f(the)h(command)c(in)o(terface)k (with)f(this)g(command.)j(See)e(section)179 2304 y(5)g(for)h(more)f (information)e(ab)q(out)j(the)g(command)d(in)o(terface.)75 2387 y Fd(haskell)179 2437 y Ff(Starts)16 b(up)g(a)f(Hask)o(ell)h(subpro)q (cess,)i(p)q(opping)d(up)h(the)g Fd(*haskell*)e Ff(bu\013er.)24 b(Y)m(ou)16 b(normally)d(don't)i(need)179 2487 y(to)e(do)g(this)g(explicitly) f(since)i(the)g(default)f(b)q(eha)o(vior)g(for)g(an)o(y)g(of)f(the)i (commands)d(that)i(cause)h(co)q(de)g(to)f(b)q(e)179 2536 y(ev)n(aluated)g(or) h(compiled)f(is)g(to)h(start)h(up)e(a)h(Hask)o(ell)f(subpro)q(cess)k(if)c (there)i(isn't)e(already)h(one)g(running.)75 2619 y Fd(haskell-mode)179 2669 y Ff(Puts)g(the)h(curren)o(t)g(bu\013er)g(in)o(to)e(the)i(Hask)o(ell)e (editing)h(mo)q(de.)p eop %%Page: 7 8 bop 75 50 a Fg(4)41 b(USING)14 b(HASKELL)h(ON)f(THE)g(MA)o(CINTOSH)918 b Ff(7)75 195 y Fd(haskell-tutorial)179 245 y Ff(Starts)14 b(the)h(online)e(Hask)o(ell)g(tutorial.)137 361 y(In)i(addition,)e(the)i (minibu\013er)e(commands)f Fd(M-p)i Ff(and)g Fd(M-n)g Ff(allo)o(w)f(y)o(ou)h (to)g(searc)o(h)i(bac)o(k)e(and)h(forth)f(through)75 411 y(the)g(history)f (of)f(the)i(last)f(30)f(expressions)j(y)o(ou)d(ha)o(v)o(e)h(t)o(yp)q(ed)h(in) f(when)g(Hask)o(ell)g(prompts)f(y)o(ou)h(for)f(something)g(to)75 461 y(ev)n(aluate.)75 602 y Fh(3.4)56 b(Customization)17 b(Ho)r(oks)75 703 y Ff(Y)m(ou)h(can)g(customize)h(some)e(asp)q(ects)j(of)e(the)h(Emacs)f (Hask)o(ell)g(in)o(terface)h(b)o(y)f(c)o(hanging)g(the)h(v)n(alues)f(of)g (these)75 753 y(v)n(ariables)13 b($e.g.,)g(in)g(y)o(our)h Fd(.emacs)o Ff($.)75 869 y Fd(haskell-program-n)o(ame)179 919 y Ff(This)i(is)f(the)i(name)d(of)h(the)i(executable)g(that)f(is)g(run)g (as)g(the)g(inferior)f(Hask)o(ell)h(pro)q(cess.)25 b(It)16 b(defaults)g(to)179 969 y(the)e(v)n(alue)g(of)f(the)h(en)o(vironmen)o(t)f(v)n (ariable)g Fd(HASKELLPROG)n Ff(.)75 1052 y Fd(haskell-auto-crea)o(te-pr)o (ocess)179 1102 y Ff(If)g(this)h(v)n(ariable)e(is)i(true)g($the)h (default$,)e(then)h(an)o(y)f(of)g(the)i(Hask)o(ell)e(commands)e(that)j(in)o (teract)g(with)f(the)179 1152 y(inferior)h(Hask)o(ell)h(pro)q(cess)i (automatically)12 b(start)k(up)f(suc)o(h)h(a)f(pro)q(cess)i(if)e(one)g(do)q (esn't)h(already)f(exist.)22 b(If)179 1202 y(false,)13 b(all)g(of)g(these)i (commands)d(just)i(refuse)h(to)f(do)f(an)o(ything)g(useful.)75 1285 y Fd(haskell-auto-swit)o(ch-in)o(put)179 1334 y Ff(If)g(this)h(v)n (ariable)f(is)h(true)h($the)f(default$,)g(then)g(Emacs)f(automatically)e(p) q(ops)j(up)g(the)h Fd(*haskell*)d Ff(bu\013er)179 1384 y(and)i(mak)o(es)f(it) g(the)i(curren)o(t)h(bu\013er)f(whenev)o(er)g(the)g(inferior)e(Hask)o(ell)h (pro)q(cess)i(issues)f(a)f(request)i(to)d(read)179 1434 y(from)f Fd(stdin)o Ff(.)18 b(Remem)o(b)q(er)12 b(that)i(input)g(requests)i(arriv)o(e) d(async)o(hronously!)75 1517 y Fd(haskell-ask-befor)o(e-sav)o(ing)179 1567 y Ff(If)d(this)h(v)n(ariable)e(is)i(true)g($the)h(default$,)e(then)i (Emacs)e(explicitly)g(asks)h(y)o(ou)f(if)g(y)o(ou)g(w)o(an)o(t)g(to)h(sa)o(v) o(e)f(mo)q(di\014ed)179 1617 y(bu\013ers)17 b(con)o(taining)d(Hask)o(ell)h (source)i(\014les)f(b)q(efore)g(ev)n(aluating)f(or)g(running)g(an)o(ything.) 23 b(If)15 b(it's)g(false,)g(all)179 1666 y(of)e(these)i(bu\013ers)h(are)e (simply)e(sa)o(v)o(ed)i(quietly)m(.)75 1749 y Fd(haskell-initial-p)o(rinte)o (rs)179 1799 y 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y(debugging)e(a)h(program.)137 906 y(Command)9 b(argumen)o(ts)j(are)g (separated)i(b)o(y)e(whitespace.)18 b(All)12 b(commands)e(ma)o(y)g(b)q(e)j (abbreviated)f(using)g(the)75 956 y(shortest)j(unique)f(pre\014x)h(of)e(the)i (command)c(name.)17 b(Here)e(are)f(brief)g(descriptions)h(of)e(the)i (commands.)75 1068 y Fd(:=)21 b Fc(exp)179 1118 y Ff(Ev)n(aluates)14 b(the)g(Hask)o(ell)f(expression)i Fc(exp)g Ff($whic)o(h)f(m)o(ust)f(b)q(e)h (in)g(class)g Fd(Text)p Ff($)f(and)h(prin)o(ts)g(the)g(result.)75 1200 y Fd(:@)21 b Fc(exp)179 1250 y Ff(Runs)14 b(the)g(Hask)o(ell)g(dialogue) e Fc(exp)j Ff(in)e(the)i(curren)o(t)g(mo)q(dule.)75 1332 y Fd(:>)21 b Fc(exp)179 1382 y Ff(This)14 b(executes)i Fc(exp)p Ff(,)e(whic)o(h)f(m)o(ust)g(b)q(e)i(of)e(t)o(yp)q(e)h Fd(Text)21 b(a)h(=>)f(IO)h(a)p Ff(,)13 b(and)h(prin)o(ts)g(the)g(result.)75 1464 y Fd(::)43 b Fc(exp)179 1514 y Ff(This)20 b(is)f(similar)f(to)h(the)i Fd(:=)e Ff(command,)f(but)i(merely)f(prin)o(ts)h(the)h(inferred)f(t)o(yp)q(e) h(of)e Fc(exp)h Ff(instead)h(of)179 1564 y(ev)n(aluating)12 b(it.)75 1646 y Fd(:clear)179 1696 y Ff(Clear)i(the)g(scratc)o(h)h(pad.)75 1778 y Fd(:list)179 1827 y Ff(Prin)o(ts)f(out)g(the)g(scratc)o(h)i(pad.)75 1909 y Fd(:module)k Fc(name)179 1959 y Ff(Selects)14 b(the)g(mo)q(dule)e(to)h (use)h(as)f(con)o(text)h(for)f(subsequen)o(t)i(ev)n(aluations.)i(The)d(mo)q (dule)d(m)o(ust)i(b)q(e)g(presen)o(t)179 2009 y(in)j(the)h(most)e(recen)o (tlyen)o(tation.)75 1758 y Fh(6.2)56 b(Compilation)17 b(Unit)h(Files)75 1859 y Ff(A)d(unit)f(\014le)h($one)g(with)f(the)h Fd(.hu)f Ff(extension$)i(con)o (tains)e(a)h(list)f(of)g(\014le)h(names)e(and)i(compiler)e(options,)h(one)h (p)q(er)75 1909 y(line.)j(File)13 b(names)g(and)h(options)f(ma)o(y)f(app)q (ear)j(in)e(an)o(y)g(order)i(inside)f(the)g Fd(.hu)g Ff(\014le.)k(Sp)q (eci\014cally)m(,)137 2025 y Fe(\017)j Ff(A)d(\014le)h(name)e(with)i(a)f Fd(.hs)g Ff(or)g Fd(.lhs)g Ff(extension)h(sp)q(eci\014es)i(a)d(constituen)o (t)i(Hask)o(ell)e(source)i(\014le)e(of)g(the)179 2075 y(compilation)11 b(unit.)137 2158 y Fe(\017)21 b Ff(A)15 b(\014le)g(name)g(with)f(a)h Fd(.hi)g Ff(or)g Fd(.lhi)g Ff(extension)h(sp)q(eci\014es)h(an)e(in)o(terface) h(\014le)f(that)g(is)h(imp)q(orted)e(in)o(to)g(the)179 2208 y(compilation)d(unit.)137 2291 y Fe(\017)21 b Ff(A)11 b(\014le)g(name)f(with) h(a)g Fd(.hu)g Ff(extension)h(sp)q(eci\014es)h(a)e(compilation)d(unit)j(to)g (imp)q(ort.)16 b($If)11 b(y)o(ou)g(w)o(an)o(t)f(to)i(imp)q(ort)179 2341 y(a)h(single)h(source)h(\014le)f(that)g(y)o(ou)f(wish)h(to)g(compile)e (separately)m(,)i(y)o(ou)f(m)o(ust)g(create)i(a)f(unit)f(\014le)h(for)g (it.$)137 2424 y Fe(\017)21 b Ff(Compiler)14 b(options)h(are)i(pre\014xed)g (with)e(a)h(colon.)23 b(The)17 b(compiler)d(options)h(that)h(y)o(ou)g(can)g (include)g(in)f(a)179 2474 y Fd(.hu)e Ff(\014le)h(are)g(summarized)e(in)i (Figure)g(1.)137 2557 y Fe(\017)21 b Ff(T)m(o)14 b(sp)q(ecify)i(the)g(imp)q (ortation)c(of)j(programs)f(written)i(in)e(other)i(languages)f($see)h (section)g(6.4$,)e(y)o(ou)h(can)179 2607 y(include)i(\014le)h(names)f(with)g (a)g(a)h Fd(.scm)e Ff(or)i Fd(.lisp)e Ff(extension)j($for)e(Lisp)g(co)q (de$)i(or)e(a)h Fd(.o)f Ff(extension)h($for)179 2656 y(other)c (languages$.)p eop %%Page: 14 15 bop 75 50 a Fg(6)41 b(THE)14 b(COMPILA)m(TION)h(SYSTEM)1100 b Ff(14)p 75 201 1856 2 v 75 692 2 492 v 128 266 a Fd(:input)12 b Fc(\014lename)76 b Ff(Sp)q(ecify)14 b(di\013eren)o(t)h(\014lename)e (directory)h(defaults)g(for)g(source)h(\014les.)128 316 y Fd(:output)d Fc(\014lename)54 b Ff(Sp)q(ecify)14 b(di\013eren)o(t)h(\014lename)e (directory)h(defaults)g(for)g(output)g(\014les.)128 366 y Fd(:import)e Fc(\014lename)54 b Ff(Sp)q(ecify)14 b(di\013eren)o(t)h(\014lename)e (directory)h(defaults)g(for)g(imp)q(orted)e(units.)128 416 y Fd(:stable)216 b Ff(Don't)13 b(try)h(to)g(recompile)f(this)h(unit)f(if)g (already)h(compiled)e(or)i(loaded.)128 465 y Fd(:prelude)194 b Ff(Don't)13 b(implicitly)e(imp)q(ort)h(the)i(standard)h(prelude.)128 515 y Fd(:p=)e Fc(printers)148 b Ff(Sp)q(ecify)14 b(prin)o(ters)h(for)e(this) h(unit.)128 565 y Fd(:o=)f Fc(optimizers)104 b Ff(Sp)q(ecify)14 b(optimizers)f(for)g(this)h(unit.)128 615 y Fd(:o=)21 b(all)217 b Ff(T)m(urn)14 b(on)f(all)g(optimizers.)128 665 y Fd(:chunk-size)e Fc(n)94 b Ff(Set)14 b(c)o(h)o(unk)g(size)h(for)f(Lisp)f(compiler.)p 1929 692 V 75 694 1856 2 v 656 831 a(Figure)h(1:)j(Compilation)11 b(unit)j(options)137 981 y(Y)m(ou)e(m)o(ust)f(supply)h(extensions)i(for)e (all)f(of)g(the)i(\014le)f(names)g(listed)g(in)g(the)h(unit)f(\014le.)17 b(The)c(directory)g(for)f(b)q(oth)75 1031 y(source)17 b(\014les)e(and)h(imp)q (orted)e(units)i($as)f(w)o(ell)g(as)g(that)h(for)f(the)h(output)f(\014les)h (of)f(the)h(compilation$)d(defaults)i(to)75 1081 y(the)f(same)e(directory)i (as)g(the)g Fd(.hu)e Ff(\014le,)h(although)f(y)o(ou)h(can)h(sp)q(ecify)f (di\013eren)o(t)i(defaults)e(using)g(the)h(compilation)75 1131 y(unit)g(options)f(listed)h(in)g(\014gure)g(1.)137 1205 y(Compiling)e(a)i (unit)g(with)g(the)i Fd(C-c)21 b(c)14 b Ff(or)h Fd(:compile)e Ff(normally)e(writes)16 b(t)o(w)o(o)e(output)h(\014les:)k(an)c(ob)r(ject)g (co)q(de)75 1255 y(\014le)g(and)g(a)g(compiled)e(in)o(terface)j(\014le.)22 b(Both)15 b(of)g(these)h(\014les)g(con)o(tain)e(Lisp)h(co)q(de.)23 b(The)15 b(name)f(of)h(the)h(compiled)75 1305 y(in)o(terface)j(\014le)g(is)g (su\016xed)g(with)f Fd(-hci)o Ff(.)33 b(The)19 b(extension)g(used)h(for)e (the)h(output)g(\014les)g(v)n(aries)g(dep)q(ending)g(on)75 1355 y(the)g(underlying)g(Lisp)f(implemen)o(tation.)29 b(F)m(or)19 b(example,)f(compiling)e Fd(foo.hu)h Ff(in)h(the)i(CMU-based)f(system)75 1405 y(pro)q(duces)c Fd(foo-hci.scm)d Ff(and)i Fd(foo.sparcf)e Ff(as)h(output.)137 1479 y(If)j(the)g(unit)g(con)o(tains)g(man)o(y)e(source)j (\014les,)g(or)f(v)o(ery)g(long)f(\014les,)h(the)h(co)q(de)g(\014le)f(is)f (automatically)e(split)j(up)75 1529 y(in)o(to)g(smaller)g(c)o(h)o(unks)h(to)g (mak)o(e)f(it)h(easier)g(for)g(the)h(Lisp)f(compiler)e(to)i(pro)q(cess.)30 b(The)17 b(individual)e(pieces)k(are)75 1579 y(giv)o(en)13 b(names)g(lik)o(e)h Fd(foo-part1.sparc)o(f)m Ff(.)75 1720 y Fh(6.3)56 b(Separate)18 b(Compilation)75 1822 y Ff(If)d(y)o(ou)g(ha)o(v)o(e)g (a)g(large)g(program,)f(it)h(is)h(helpful)e(to)i(break)f(it)g(up)h(in)o(to)f (smaller)e(pieces)k(that)f(can)f(b)q(e)h(separately)75 1871 y(compiled.)g(In)d(order)h(to)f(do)g(this,)g(the)h(compiler)e(m)o(ust)g(ha)o (v)o(e)h(information)e(ab)q(out)i(the)h(in)o(terfaces)g(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)g (the)75 1921 y(compilation)d(units.)18 b(There)d(are)f(t)o(w)o(o)g(t)o(yp)q (es)h(of)e(in)o(terfaces:)126 2037 y(1.)20 b(Y)m(ou)15 b(can)g(create)i(an)e (in)o(terface)h($)p Fd(.hi)o Ff($)g(\014le)f(for)g(an)o(y)g(mo)q(dule)f (and)h(include)g(it)g(in)g(units)g(whic)o(h)g(reference)179 2087 y(that)f(mo)q(dule.)126 2170 y(2.)20 b(Compiling)7 b(a)j(mo)q(dule)g (implem)o(en)o(tation)e(also)i(creates)i(an)e(in)o(terface)i(whic)o(h)e(is)h (more)e(detailed)i(than)f(those)179 2220 y(in)j Fd(.hi)g Ff(\014les)i ($these)g(are)f(stored)h(in)f Fd(-hci)f Ff(\014les)h(when)g(compiling)e(to)h (a)h(\014le$.)137 2336 y(A)21 b(compilation)c(unit)j(ma)o(y)e(imp)q(ort)h (an)h(outside)g(mo)q(dule)f(b)o(y)h(referencing)h(either)g(of)f(these)h(in)o (terfaces.)75 2386 y(Ho)o(w)o(ev)o(er,)14 b(there)h(are)f(signi\014can)o(t)g (di\013erences)i(b)q(et)o(w)o(een)f(the)g(t)o(w)o(o.)137 2461 y(When)e(a)g(unit)g(\014le)f(con)o(tains)h(the)h(name)d(of)i(another)g(unit)g (\014le,)f(this)h(included)g(unit)g(is)f(compiled)g(b)q(efore)h(the)75 2511 y(curren)o(t)j(unit)e(and)h(the)g(detailed)f(in)o(terface)i(information) 11 b(for)j(the)i(imp)q(orted)d(unit)i(collected)g(b)o(y)f(the)h(compiler)75 2560 y(is)h(used)i(to)e(do)g(cross-unit)h(optimizations)d(in)i(the)h(co)q(de) g(for)f(the)h(curren)o(t)h(unit.)25 b(The)17 b(disadv)n(an)o(tages)f(of)g (this)75 2610 y(approac)o(h)f(are)h(that)g(the)g(relation)f(b)q(et)o(w)o(een) i(compilation)c(units)i(m)o(ust)g(b)q(e)h(hierarc)o(hical,)f(and)h(an)o(y)f (c)o(hange)g(in)75 2660 y(an)f(imp)q(orted)e(unit)i(triggers)g(recompilation) e(of)h(units)h(that)g(include)g(it.)p eop %%Page: 15 16 bop 75 50 a Fg(6)41 b(THE)14 b(COMPILA)m(TION)h(SYSTEM)1100 b Ff(15)137 195 y(When)18 b(a)f(mo)q(dule)f(is)h(brough)o(t)g(in)o(to)g(a)g (unit)g(through)h(only)e(a)i Fd(.hi)e Ff(\014le,)i(no)f(cross)i(mo)q(dule)d (optimization)75 245 y(can)h(b)q(e)h(p)q(erformed)e(on)h(references)i(to)e(v) n(alues)g(in)f(the)i(imp)q(orted)d(mo)q(dule.)26 b(On)17 b(the)g(other)h (hand,)f(when)g(the)75 295 y(implemen)o(tatio)o(n)c(corresp)q(onding)k(to)f (the)h(in)o(terface)f(c)o(hanges,)h(this)f(do)q(es)h(not)f(require)g (recompilation)e(unless)75 345 y(the)g Fd(.hi)e Ff(\014le)i(is)f(also)f(c)o (hanged.)18 b(This)13 b(also)g(allo)o(ws)f(m)o(utually)e(recursiv)o(e)15 b(mo)q(dules)d(to)h(b)q(e)h(separately)g(compiled,)75 394 y(something)f(that) h(cannot)g(b)q(e)g(done)g(without)g Fd(.hi)f Ff(\014les.)137 469 y(When)e(b)q(oth)g(the)g(implemen)o(tation)c(and)k(user)h(supplied)e(in)o 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y(no)o(w)c(use)i(2-tuples.)137 1882 y(The)k Fd(_)f Ff(sym)o(b)q(ol)f(can)i(no)o(w)f(b)q(e)h(used)g(in)f(an)g (expression)i(to)e(denote)h(an)f(error)i(v)n(alue.)31 b Fd(_)18 b Ff(is)g(seman)o(tically)75 1932 y(equivilen)o(t)13 b(to)h(b)q(ottom)e(but)j (the)f(compiler)e(will)h(use)i(a)e(nice)i(error)f(message.)k(The)c (de\014nition)75 2040 y Fd(foo)21 b(=)h(_)75 2148 y Ff(can)14 b(b)q(e)f(used)i(to)e(create)h(a)f(stub)h(for)f Fd(foo)p Ff(.)k(Y)m(ale)c (Hask)o(ell)g(will)f(generate)i(an)f(informativ)o(e)e(error)j(message)f(if)g Fd(foo)75 2198 y Ff(is)h(ev)n(aluated.)137 2273 y(Another)i(new)g(feature)f (is)g(that)g(p)q(olymorphic)f(recursion)i(is)f(allo)o(w)o(ed.)20 b(F)m(or)14 b(example,)g(the)i(follo)o(wing)c(co)q(de)75 2322 y(fragmen)o(t)g(will)h(not)h(compile:)75 2430 y Fd(data)21 b(Foo)g(a)h(=)f(A)h(|)f(B)h($Foo)f([a]$)75 2530 y(f)h(A)196 b(=)21 b()75 2580 y(f)h($B)f(thing$)g(=)g(f)h(thing)75 2688 y Ff(Adding)13 b(a)h(signature)g(to)g Fd(f)p Ff(,)p eop %%Page: 19 20 bop 75 50 a 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y(amoun)o(t)j(of)h(memory)e(Hask)o(ell)i(uses)i(from) d(the)i(\014nder)g(using)f(the)i Fd(Get)i(Info)c Ff(men)o(u)f(item;)i (virtual)e(memory)75 994 y(is)h(enabled)g(from)f(the)i Fd(Memory)d Ff(con)o(trol)i(panel.)28 b(Mak)o(e)17 b(sure)h(y)o(ou)f(also)g(enable)g (32-bit)f(addressing)i(from)d(the)75 1044 y Fd(Memory)e Ff(con)o(trol)g (panel.$)137 1119 y(Rebuilding)f(Hask)o(ell)g(from)f(sources)j(requires)g (somewhat)e(more)g(memory;)e(w)o(e)j(ha)o(v)o(e)f(b)q(een)i(installing)d(MCL) 75 1168 y(in)i(a)h(20MB)g(partition)f(to)h(do)f(this.)137 1243 y(The)h(Macin)o(tosh)g(v)o(ersion)g(of)f(Y)m(ale)g(Hask)o(ell)g(do)q(es)h Fc(not)k Ff(run)c(on)g(a)f(P)o(o)o(w)o(erPC)h($b)q(ecause)i(MCL)d(do)q (esn't)h(w)o(ork)75 1293 y(on)g(that)g(platform)d(y)o(et)j(either$.)p eop %%Page: 29 30 bop 75 50 a Fg(REFERENCES)1473 b Ff(29)75 195 y Fi(References)75 303 y Ff([1])20 b(Ch)o(uc)o(k)j(Consel.)48 b(F)m(ast)24 b(strictness)i (analysis)d(via)g(sym)o(b)q(olic)f(\014xp)q(oin)o(t)h(iteration.)47 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