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- .\" @(#)m0 6.1 (Berkeley) 4/17/86
- .\"
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- .rs
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- \*(Nr\(sl\*(Tr User's Manual
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- .ps10
- Joseph F. Ossanna
- (updated for 4.3BSD by Mark Seiden)
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- .sp
- Bell Laboratories
- Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974
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- .sp2
- .ps \n(PS
- .fi
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- Introduction
- .pg
- \*(NR and \*(TR are text processors under
- the \s-1UNIX\s+1 Time-Sharing System
- that format text for typewriter-like terminals and
- for a \%Graphic Systems phototypesetter, respectively.
- (Device-independent \*(TR, part of the Documenter's Workbench,
- supports additional output devices.)
- They accept lines of text interspersed with lines of
- format control information and
- format the text into a printable, paginated document
- having a user-designed style.
- \*(NR and \*(TR offer
- unusual freedom in document styling,
- including:
- arbitrary style headers and footers;
- arbitrary style footnotes;
- multiple automatic sequence numbering for paragraphs, sections, etc;
- multiple column output;
- dynamic font and point-size control;
- arbitrary horizontal and vertical local motions at any point;
- and
- a family of automatic overstriking, bracket construction, and
- line drawing functions.
- .pg
- \*(NR and \*(TR are highly compatible with each other and it is almost always
- possible to prepare input acceptable to both.
- Conditional input is provided that enables
- the user to embed input expressly destined for either program.
- \*(NR can prepare output directly for a variety of terminal types and
- is capable of utilizing the full resolution of each terminal.
- .pg
- .ftB
- Usage
- .pg
- The general form of invoking \*(NR (or \*(TR) at \s-1UNIX\s+1 command level is
- .x1
- \fBnroff \fIoptions files\fR\
- \h'|2i'(or \fBtroff \fIoptions files\fR)
- .x2
- where \fIoptions\fR represents any of a number of option arguments
- and \fIfiles\fR represents the list of files containing the document
- to be formatted.
- An argument consisting of a single minus (\fB\-\fR) is taken to be
- a file name corresponding to the standard input.
- If no file names are given input is taken from the standard input.
- The options, which may appear in any order so long as they appear
- before the files, are:
- .sp
- .ta .2i 1.0i
- .ftI
- .bd I 3
- Option Effect
- .br
- .bd I
- .ftR
- .ta .3i 1.0i
- .in 1.0i
- .ll-.3i
- .bt
- \fB\-i\fP Read standard input after the input files are exhausted.
- .bt
- \fB\-m\fIname\fR Prepends the macro file
- \fB\(slusr\(sllib\(sltmac.\fIname\fR
- to the input \fIfiles\fR.
- .bt
- \fB\-n\fIN\fR Number first generated page \fIN\fR.
- .bt
- \fB\-o\fIlist\fR \
- Print only pages whose page numbers appear in \fIlist\fR,
- which consists of comma-separated numbers and number ranges.
- A number range has the form \fIN\-M\fR
- and means pages \fIN\fR through \fIM;\fR
- a initial \fI\-N\fR means
- from the beginning to page \fIN;\fR and a final \fIN\-\fR means
- from \fIN\fR to the end.
- .bt
- \fB\-q\fR \
- Invoke the simultaneous input-output mode of the \fBrd\fR request.
- .bt
- \fB\-r\fIaN\fR Number register \fIa\fR (one-character) is set to \fIN\fR.
- .bt
- \fB\-s\fIN\fR Stop every \fIN\fR pages.
- \*(NR will halt prior to every \fIN\fR pages (default \fIN\fR=1)
- to allow paper loading or
- changing, and will resume upon receipt of a newline.
- \*(TR will stop the phototypesetter every \fIN\fR pages,
- produce a trailer to allow changing cassettes,
- and will resume after the phototypesetter \s-1START\s+1 button is pressed.
- .bt
- \fB\-z\fR Efficiently suppress formatted output.
- Only produce output to standard error (from \fBtm\fP requests or
- diagnostics).
- .sp
- .ne 3
- .ftI
- .bd I 3
- \*(NR Only
- .br
- .bd I
- .ft
- .bt
- \fB\-T\fIname\fR Specifies
- the name of the output terminal type.
- Currently defined names are \fB37\fR for the (default) Model 37 Teletype\(rg,
- \fBtn300\fR for the GE TermiNet\ 300 (or any terminal without half-line
- capabilities),
- \fB300S\fR for the \s-1DASI\s+1-300S,
- \fB300\fR for the \s-1DASI\s+1-300,
- and
- \fB450\fR for the \s-1DASI\s+1-450 (Diablo Hyterm).
- .bt
- \fB\-e\fR \
- Produce equally-spaced words in adjusted
- lines, using full terminal resolution.
- .bt
- \fB\-h\fR \
- On output, use tabs during horizontal spacing to increase speed.
- Device tabs setting are assumed to be (and input tabs are initially
- set to) every 8 character widths.
- .sp
- .ne 3
- .ftI
- .bd I 3
- \*(TR Only
- .br
- .bd I
- .ft
- .bt
- \fB\-a\fP Send a printable \s-1(ASCII)\s+1 approximation
- of the results to the standard output.
- .bt
- \fB\-b\fR \*(TR will report whether the phototypesetter
- is busy or available.
- No text processing is done.
- .bt
- \fB\-f\fP Refrain from feeding out paper and stopping
- phototypesetter at the end of the run.
- .bt
- \fB\-t\fP Direct output to the standard output instead
- of the phototypesetter.
- .bt
- \fB\-w\fP Wait until phototypesetter is available, if
- currently busy.
- .ll
- .in0
- .xx
- .pg
- Each option is invoked as a separate argument;
- for example,
- .x1
- \fBnroff \-o\fI4,8\-10 \fB\-T\fI300S \fB\-m\fIabc file1 file2\fR
- .x2
- requests formatting of pages 4, 8, 9, and 10 of a document contained in the files
- named \fIfile1\fR and \fIfile2\fR,
- specifies the output terminal as a \s-1DASI\s+1-300S,
- and invokes the macro package \fIabc\fR.
- .pg
- Various pre- and post-processors are available for use with \*(NR and \*(TR.
- These include the equation preprocessors \s-1NEQN\s+1 and \s-1EQN\s+1\*u1\*d
- (for \*(NR and \*(TR respectively),
- and the table-construction preprocessor \s-1TBL\s+1\*u2\*d.
- A reverse-line postprocessor \s-1COL\s+1\*u3\*d
- is available for multiple-column \*(NR output on terminals without reverse-line ability;
- \s-1COL\s+1 expects the Model 37 Teletype
- escape sequences that \*(NR produces by default.
- \s-1TK\s+1\*u3\*d
- is a 37 Teletype simulator postprocessor for printing \*(NR output on a Tektronix 4014.
- \s-1TC\s+1\*u5\*d
- is a phototypesetter-simulator postprocessor
- for \*(TR that produces an approximation of phototypesetter output
- on a Tektronix 4014.
- For example, in
- .x1
- \fBtbl \fIfiles \fB| eqn | troff \-t \fIoptions \fB| tc\fR
- .x2
- the first \|\fB|\fR\| indicates the piping of \s-1TBL\s+1's output to \s-1EQN\s+1's input;
- the second the piping of \s-1EQN\s+1's output to \*(TR's input;
- and the third indicates the piping of \*(TR's output to \s-1TC\s+1.
- .br
- .pg
- The remainder of this manual consists of:
- a Summary and outline;
- a Reference Manual keyed to the outline;
- and
- a set of Tutorial Examples.
- Another tutorial is [5].
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- .ps -1
- .vs -1p
- .pg
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- References
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- .ta .3i
- .in .3i
- .ti0
- [1] B. W. Kernighan, L. L. Cherry,
- .ul
- Typesetting Mathematics \(em User's Guide (Second Edition),
- Bell Laboratories.
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- .ti0
- [2] M. E. Lesk,
- .ul
- Tbl \(em A Program to Format Tables,
- Bell Laboratories internal memorandum.
- .sp.4
- .ti0
- [3] Internal on-line documentation (\fIman\fP pages) on \s-1UNIX\s+1.
- .sp.4
- .ti0
- [4] B. W. Kernighan, \fIA TROFF Tutorial\fR,
- Bell Laboratories.
- .sp.4
- .ti0
- [5] Your site may have similar programs for more modern displays.
- .in0
- .ps
- .vs
-